{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3099360475","doi":null,"title":"SPOON-FEEDING GIANT STARS TO SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES: EPISODIC MASS TRANSFER FROM EVOLVING STARS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUIESCENT ACTIVITY OF GALACTIC NUCLEI","display_name":"SPOON-FEEDING GIANT STARS TO SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES: EPISODIC MASS TRANSFER FROM EVOLVING STARS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUIESCENT ACTIVITY OF GALACTIC NUCLEI","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3099360475","mag":"3099360475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.744.8288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.744.8288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.2900.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081703282","display_name":"Morgan MacLeod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-8024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-8024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Morgan Macleod","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029210401","display_name":"Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-3102","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-3102"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Ramirez-ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sean Grady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Grady","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075251591","display_name":"James Guillochon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-8215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Guillochon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081703282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tidal-disruption-events","display_name":"tidal disruption","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supermassive-black-holes","display_name":"supermassive black holes","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/giant-stars","display_name":"giants","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tidal-stripping","display_name":"tidal stripping","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eccentric-orbits","display_name":"eccentric orbits","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pericenter-passage","display_name":"pericenter passage","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"duty cycle","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellar-winds","display_name":"stellar winds","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole-accretion","display_name":"black hole accretion","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-nuclei","display_name":"galactic nuclei","score":0.6679999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.8706251978874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173120059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40392","display_name":"Supermassive black hole","level":3,"score":0.812787652015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6465787887573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.6215426921844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.4985237121582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.2728351354598999}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.744.8288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.744.8288","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.2900.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1569717828","https://openalex.org/W1631788275","https://openalex.org/W1964731881","https://openalex.org/W1965146572","https://openalex.org/W1966044739","https://openalex.org/W1967087568","https://openalex.org/W1967382683","https://openalex.org/W1969603464","https://openalex.org/W1976817322","https://openalex.org/W1978574709","https://openalex.org/W1979718451","https://openalex.org/W1980547824","https://openalex.org/W1982057486","https://openalex.org/W1986919607","https://openalex.org/W1987210277","https://openalex.org/W1987628503","https://openalex.org/W1988014579","https://openalex.org/W1991653379","https://openalex.org/W1993323074","https://openalex.org/W2000028538","https://openalex.org/W2002369735","https://openalex.org/W2002811240","https://openalex.org/W2004141682","https://openalex.org/W2006124034","https://openalex.org/W2009530585","https://openalex.org/W2013918703","https://openalex.org/W2017540369","https://openalex.org/W2017617952","https://openalex.org/W2019826889","https://openalex.org/W2020028480","https://openalex.org/W2022759841","https://openalex.org/W2022769096","https://openalex.org/W2028505486","https://openalex.org/W2030720970","https://openalex.org/W2035557452","https://openalex.org/W2037363772","https://openalex.org/W2038337533","https://openalex.org/W2041485609","https://openalex.org/W2042547701","https://openalex.org/W2050444942","https://openalex.org/W2050551037","https://openalex.org/W2051568330","https://openalex.org/W2053670057","https://openalex.org/W2053784018","https://openalex.org/W2054222433","https://openalex.org/W2055252277","https://openalex.org/W2057589101","https://openalex.org/W2059312119","https://openalex.org/W2059798232","https://openalex.org/W2060346158","https://openalex.org/W2064697952","https://openalex.org/W2064887015","https://openalex.org/W2064955391","https://openalex.org/W2064965371","https://openalex.org/W2065102349","https://openalex.org/W2065890147","https://openalex.org/W2068723021","https://openalex.org/W2069981283","https://openalex.org/W2070787987","https://openalex.org/W2074773622","https://openalex.org/W2075219626","https://openalex.org/W2076227620","https://openalex.org/W2079760831","https://openalex.org/W2080998747","https://openalex.org/W2081951835","https://openalex.org/W2084567822","https://openalex.org/W2085139043","https://openalex.org/W2091092902","https://openalex.org/W2096251032","https://openalex.org/W2098388094","https://openalex.org/W2106769570","https://openalex.org/W2107144741","https://openalex.org/W2119201796","https://openalex.org/W2124540750","https://openalex.org/W2124811735","https://openalex.org/W2127984363","https://openalex.org/W2135894620","https://openalex.org/W2136001359","https://openalex.org/W2140058367","https://openalex.org/W2143377073","https://openalex.org/W2145525390","https://openalex.org/W2148540540","https://openalex.org/W2152432921","https://openalex.org/W2154490816","https://openalex.org/W2160574786","https://openalex.org/W2165791484","https://openalex.org/W2167232989","https://openalex.org/W2169224160","https://openalex.org/W2586917793","https://openalex.org/W2949228933","https://openalex.org/W2951664708","https://openalex.org/W3097976388","https://openalex.org/W3101361314","https://openalex.org/W3102611008","https://openalex.org/W3102999539","https://openalex.org/W3103546608","https://openalex.org/W3104330986","https://openalex.org/W3122275285","https://openalex.org/W3122533120","https://openalex.org/W3124234071","https://openalex.org/W4234285727","https://openalex.org/W4300272038"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085139043","https://openalex.org/W7099057973","https://openalex.org/W2112590011","https://openalex.org/W7098762825","https://openalex.org/W4411405590","https://openalex.org/W3049422330","https://openalex.org/W4417092768","https://openalex.org/W2077091897","https://openalex.org/W3174560692","https://openalex.org/W4409326438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stars":[0],"may":[1,166],"be":[2],"tidally":[3],"disrupted":[4],"if,":[5],"in":[6,40,64,98,170],"a":[7,16,46,102,168],"single":[8],"orbit,":[9],"they":[10],"are":[11,24],"scattered":[12],"too":[13],"close":[14],"to":[15,26,79,87,105,111,117,124],"supermassive":[17],"black":[18,113,141],"hole":[19,114],"(SMBH).":[20],"Tidal":[21],"disruption":[22,58,127],"events":[23],"thought":[25],"power":[27],"luminous":[28],"but":[29],"short-lived":[30],"accretion":[31],"episodes":[32],"that":[33,90],"can":[34],"light":[35],"up":[36],"otherwise":[37],"quiescent":[38,173],"SMBHs":[39],"transient":[41],"flares.":[42],"Here":[43],"we":[44],"explore":[45],"more":[47],"gradual":[48],"process":[49],"of":[50,71,119,132,137,149,175],"tidal":[51,57,126],"stripping":[52],"where":[53],"stars":[54,75,165],"approach":[55],"the":[56,69,80,93,112,129,172],"radius":[59],"by":[60],"stellar":[61,160],"evolution":[62],"while":[63],"an":[65],"eccentric":[66],"orbit.":[67],"After":[68],"onset":[70],"mass":[72,78,106],"transfer,":[73],"these":[74],"episodically":[76],"transfer":[77],"SMBH":[81,151,157],"every":[82],"pericenter":[83],"passage,":[84],"giving":[85],"rise":[86],"low-level":[88],"flares":[89],"repeat":[91],"on":[92],"orbital":[94,120],"timescale.":[95],"Giant":[96],"stars,":[97],"particular,":[99],"will":[100],"exhibit":[101],"runaway":[103],"response":[104],"loss":[107],"and":[108,162],"\"spoon-feed\"":[109],"material":[110],"for":[115,140],"tens":[116],"hundreds":[118],"periods.":[121],"In":[122],"contrast":[123],"full":[125],"events,":[128],"duty":[130],"cycle":[131],"this":[133],"feeding":[134,152,158],"mode":[135,148],"is":[136,153],"order":[138],"unity":[139],"holes":[142],"Mbh":[143],"\u2273":[144],"107":[145],"M\u2609.":[146],"This":[147],"quasi-steady":[150],"competitive":[154],"with":[155],"indirect":[156],"through":[159],"winds,":[161],"spoon-fed":[163],"giant":[164],"play":[167],"role":[169],"determining":[171],"luminosity":[174],"local":[176],"SMBHs.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}