{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3098437342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","title":"Resilient Tokyo: Disaster and Transformation in the Japanese City","display_name":"Resilient Tokyo: Disaster and Transformation in the Japanese City","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3098437342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","mag":"3098437342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Resilient City","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4236165531","display_name":"The Resilient City"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067937873","display_name":"Carola Hein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0551-5778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0551-5778"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carola Hein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067937873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8612368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13800","display_name":"Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13800","display_name":"Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10747","display_name":"Disaster Management and Resilience","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokyo","display_name":"Tokyo","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-reconstruction","display_name":"urban reconstruction","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-disaster-reconstruction","display_name":"post-disaster reconstruction","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-transformation","display_name":"urban transformation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-disasters","display_name":"natural disasters","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthquakes","display_name":"earthquakes","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typhoons","display_name":"typhoons","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tsunami","display_name":"tsunami","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerial-bombing","display_name":"aerial bombing","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-war-ii","display_name":"World War II","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meiji-modernization","display_name":"Meiji modernization","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrialization","display_name":"industrialization","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/westernization","display_name":"Westernization","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-japanese-architecture","display_name":"traditional Japanese architecture","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timber-construction","display_name":"timber construction","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-form","display_name":"urban form","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-regulations","display_name":"building regulations","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"urban planning","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-ownership","display_name":"land ownership","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edo","display_name":"Edo","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.6187084317207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166566181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8065","display_name":"Natural disaster","level":2,"score":0.5425598621368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19233827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8707","display_name":"Meiji Restoration","level":2,"score":0.5374200344085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.5089085102081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4717855155467987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.44333070516586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.43715158104896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41866144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202398","display_name":"Industrialisation","level":2,"score":0.41831421852111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3790687918663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3770855963230133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3648816645145416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.35998794436454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.35202252864837646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.27606019377708435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23319539427757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19315093755722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.16632217168807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16341087222099304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.14762455224990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10972568392753601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175844.003.0016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Resilient City","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367309505","https://openalex.org/W150788303","https://openalex.org/W390830176","https://openalex.org/W3092409391","https://openalex.org/W4386761006","https://openalex.org/W7070849112","https://openalex.org/W2799599876","https://openalex.org/W4225004600","https://openalex.org/W2770102148","https://openalex.org/W2734431023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Natural":[0],"disasters":[1,61],"have":[2,302],"destroyed,":[3],"in":[4,7,69,120,217,256,282,321,324,351,362],"whole":[5],"or":[6,19,102,197],"part,":[8],"Japan\u2019s":[9],"cities":[10,88,189,221],"on":[11,99,222,261,340],"numerous":[12],"occasions.":[13],"Human":[14],"action,":[15],"whether":[16],"internal":[17],"warfare":[18],"the":[20,24,30,38,41,70,84,90,115,121,144,150,156,169,181,192,206,212,230,236,283,308,325,328,331,341,363],"air":[21],"raids":[22],"of":[23,32,37,40,107,123,128,137,146,152,160,171,187,209,214,229,265,279,285,354,365],"Second":[25],"World":[26],"War,":[27],"has":[28,45,179,346],"been":[29],"cause":[31],"further":[33],"devastation.":[34],"But":[35],"regardless":[36],"origin":[39],"destructive":[42],"force,":[43],"Japan":[44,289],"always":[46],"rebuilt":[47,86],"its":[48,243],"cities,":[49],"and":[50,111,155,158,168,184,211,242,254,272,295,316,333,336,367],"usually":[51],"with":[52],"astonishing":[53],"speed.":[54],"This":[55],"chapter":[56],"argues":[57],"that":[58,163],"while":[59],"urban":[60,103,118,173,185,280],"can":[62],"bring":[63],"about":[64],"an":[65,247],"opportunity":[66],"for":[67,165,358],"changes":[68],"built":[71],"environment,":[72],"they":[73,93],"do":[74],"not":[75],"appear":[76],"to":[77,130,251,314,330,348,371],"induce":[78],"innovation":[79],"per":[80],"se.":[81],"Many":[82],"times,":[83],"Japanese":[85,188,220,257,344],"their":[87,338],"much":[89],"same":[91],"as":[92,235,275,277,298,300],"were":[94,133],"before,":[95],"innovating":[96],"only":[97],"slightly":[98],"building":[100,337],"codes":[101],"form.":[104,174],"At":[105],"times":[106],"ongoing":[108],"political,":[109],"economic,":[110],"social":[112],"transformation,":[113],"however,":[114],"leadership":[116],"sponsored":[117],"change":[119,281],"wake":[122],"destruction.":[124],"These":[125],"interventions,":[126],"instead":[127],"responding":[129],"post-disaster":[131],"conditions,":[132],"often":[134],"pared-down":[135],"versions":[136],"predisaster":[138],"concepts,":[139],"constrained":[140],"by":[141,177,195,375],"limited":[142],"finances,":[143],"lack":[145],"appropriate":[147],"planning":[148],"tools,":[149],"strictures":[151],"land":[153],"ownership,":[154],"needs":[157],"desires":[159],"private":[161],"initiatives":[162],"called":[164,239],"rapid":[166,244],"reconstruction":[167,245,266],"preservation":[170],"traditional":[172],"Societal":[175],"transformation":[176,186],"itself":[178],"promoted":[180],"large-scale":[182],"demolition":[183],"far":[190],"beyond":[191],"areas":[193],"touched":[194],"natural":[196,270],"human-made":[198],"disasters.":[199],"Rapid":[200],"industrialization,":[201],"urbanization,":[202],"modernization,":[203],"andWesternization,":[204],"following":[205,267],"Meiji":[207],"restoration":[208],"1868":[210],"establishment":[213],"modern":[215],"Japan,":[216],"particular":[218],"buffeted":[219,374],"a":[223,352],"grand":[224],"scale.":[225],"The":[226],"repeated":[227],"destruction":[228,271],"capital,":[231],"Tokyo":[232,262],"(or":[233],"Edo,":[234],"city":[237],"was":[238],"until":[240],"1868),":[241],"provide":[246],"especially":[248],"compelling":[249],"means":[250],"examine":[252],"disaster":[253],"rebuilding":[255],"cities.":[258],"A":[259],"focus":[260],"permits":[263],"comparison":[264],"both":[268],"sudden,":[269],"human-inflicted":[273],"attack,":[274],"well":[276,299],"analysis":[278],"absence":[284],"disaster.":[286],"Earthquakes":[287],"rattle":[288],"regularly;":[290],"typhoons":[291],"are":[292,311],"frequent":[293],"visitors;":[294],"tidal":[296],"waves":[297],"tsunami":[301],"wiped":[303],"out":[304],"many":[305],"settlements":[306],"along":[307,318],"coasts.":[309],"Rivers":[310],"highly":[312],"susceptible":[313],"flooding,":[315],"inundation":[317],"major":[319],"rivers":[320],"Edo":[322],"resulted":[323],"affluent":[326],"abandoning":[327],"lowlands":[329],"poor":[332],"lower":[334],"classes":[335],"villas":[339],"highlands.":[342],"Traditional":[343],"architecture":[345],"responded":[347],"such":[349],"threats":[350],"variety":[353],"ways.":[355],"Wood":[356],"construction,":[357],"example,":[359],"provides":[360],"flexibility":[361],"event":[364],"tremors,":[366],"heavy":[368],"roofing":[369],"helps":[370],"stabilize":[372],"houses":[373],"typhoon-strength":[376],"winds.":[377]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-11-23T00:00:00"}