{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3096166137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","title":"Does Being Gritty Mean Being College-Ready? Investigating the Link between Grit and College Readiness among Filipino K-12 Graduates","display_name":"Does Being Gritty Mean Being College-Ready? Investigating the Link between Grit and College Readiness among Filipino K-12 Graduates","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3096166137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","mag":"3096166137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","pdf_url":"http://ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/2655/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/2655/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075941389","display_name":"Febe Marl G. Paat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-4548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-4548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Febe Marl G Paat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-4548","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091526690","display_name":"Antonio Ingaran Tamayao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-2641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-2641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio I Tamayao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-2641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038325309","display_name":"Rudolf Tamangen Vecaldo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1723-3487","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1723-3487"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rudolf T Vecaldo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University, Tuguegarao City, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1723-3487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University, Tuguegarao City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012733725","display_name":"Maria T. Mamba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-6151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-6151","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9809-131X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria T Mamba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-6151","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063473907","display_name":"Jay Emmanuel L. Asuncion","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0701-5689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0701-5689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Emmanuel L Asuncion","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0701-5689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072164463","display_name":"Editha S. Pagulayan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-3808","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-3808"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155029","display_name":"Cagayan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ms4pv23","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Editha S Pagulayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cagayan State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-3808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cagayan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155029"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0748,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79058652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"9","first_page":"160","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13542","display_name":"Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13542","display_name":"Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grit","display_name":"grit","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-readiness","display_name":"college readiness","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-cognitive-traits","display_name":"non-cognitive traits","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-traits","display_name":"personality traits","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/senior-high-school-graduates","display_name":"senior high school graduates","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-self","display_name":"relational self","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filipino-students","display_name":"Filipino students","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-admission","display_name":"university admission","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162451180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4453370","display_name":"Grit","level":2,"score":0.9637994766235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776640315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315941","display_name":"Respondent","level":2,"score":0.6258747577667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6061351299285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.5979477167129517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5439025163650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.5027787685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.48950231075286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4368404746055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41396522521972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172141706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307067","display_name":"Conscientiousness","level":5,"score":0.41309237480163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.33067023754119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.32893097400665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2884165942668915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127816348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127588","display_name":"Extraversion and introversion","level":4,"score":0.18058344721794128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16214045882225037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12264630198478699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","pdf_url":"http://ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/2655/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.9.9","pdf_url":"http://ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/download/2655/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764443953","display_name":"International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research","issn_l":"1694-2116","issn":["1694-2116","1694-2493"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322553","host_organization_name":"Tresorix Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Tresorix Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324072","display_name":"Commission on Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/04s346m05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3096166137.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3096166137.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91889630","https://openalex.org/W124173340","https://openalex.org/W182065243","https://openalex.org/W792360682","https://openalex.org/W1484898895","https://openalex.org/W1549788644","https://openalex.org/W1587259988","https://openalex.org/W1994496220","https://openalex.org/W2001841402","https://openalex.org/W2007467467","https://openalex.org/W2013895365","https://openalex.org/W2056425079","https://openalex.org/W2093761921","https://openalex.org/W2117535423","https://openalex.org/W2118251535","https://openalex.org/W2133414989","https://openalex.org/W2144163412","https://openalex.org/W2150961579","https://openalex.org/W2153022270","https://openalex.org/W2153538268","https://openalex.org/W2155561716","https://openalex.org/W2177081877","https://openalex.org/W2331704693","https://openalex.org/W2341864813","https://openalex.org/W2342286766","https://openalex.org/W2419337311","https://openalex.org/W2482378017","https://openalex.org/W2560220116","https://openalex.org/W2564512472","https://openalex.org/W2596862638","https://openalex.org/W2602633448","https://openalex.org/W2616592540","https://openalex.org/W2790500381","https://openalex.org/W2905693586","https://openalex.org/W2980980988","https://openalex.org/W3001268043","https://openalex.org/W3005059773","https://openalex.org/W4246185168","https://openalex.org/W4251397727","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380052975","https://openalex.org/W7130858393","https://openalex.org/W4388688009","https://openalex.org/W7204572764","https://openalex.org/W3088773542","https://openalex.org/W7125774740","https://openalex.org/W3127813687","https://openalex.org/W3136820580","https://openalex.org/W7125529261","https://openalex.org/W2981312347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,142],"study":[1,41],"challenges":[2],"the":[3,30,47,64,68,78,98,126,136,191,200,204],"basic":[4],"assumption":[5],"that":[6,21,73,113,129,145,185],"college":[7,31,52,137,177,237],"readiness":[8,32,53,138],"is":[9,95,183,224],"accounted":[10],"to":[11,45,195,211,231],"senior":[12],"high":[13],"school":[14,188],"(SHS)":[15],"graduates\u2019":[16],"cognitive":[17,146],"abilities.":[18],"It":[19],"proffers":[20],"certain":[22],"non-cognitive":[23,165],"personality":[24],"traits":[25,147,166],"like":[26,167],"grit":[27,50,130,168],"may":[28,148],"influence":[29,134],"of":[33,54,67,88,106,117,120,125,139,190,203],"SHS":[34,140,156],"graduates":[35,57,75,157],"in":[36,59,63,77,97,111,154,161,175],"a":[37,84,132,151,225,236],"non-Western":[38],"context.":[39],"The":[40,70,92,123],"used":[42],"descriptive-correlation":[43],"design":[44],"examine":[46],"relationship":[48,127],"between":[49],"and":[51,83,108,159,187,215,219,227],"7,533":[55],"K-12":[56,74,192],"enrolled":[58],"one":[60],"public":[61],"university":[62],"north-eastern":[65],"part":[66],"Philippines.":[69],"results":[71],"reveal":[72],"admitted":[76,158],"respondent-university":[79],"are":[80,90,114,169],"\u201cmostly":[81],"gritty,\u201d":[82],"more":[85],"significant":[86],"proportion":[87],"them":[89,234],"college-unready.":[91],"students'":[93],"grittiness":[94],"exemplified":[96],"Filipinos'":[99],"grit-related":[100],"concepts":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103,170,172,222],"sigasig":[104],"(persistence":[105],"effort)":[107],"tiyaga":[109],"(constancy":[110],"work)":[112],"pursued":[115],"because":[116],"their":[118,207],"concept":[119],"\u201crelational":[121],"self.\u201d":[122],"test":[124],"shows":[128],"has":[131],"positive":[133],"on":[135],"graduates.":[141],"finding":[143],"proves":[144],"not":[149,198],"be":[150],"good":[152],"factor":[153],"making":[155],"successful":[160],"college.":[162],"Essentially,":[163],"some":[164],"vital":[171],"intellectual":[173,201],"abilities":[174,202],"influencing":[176],"readiness.":[178],"Given":[179],"these":[180],"results,":[181],"it":[182,223],"imperative":[184],"educators":[186],"administrators":[189],"program":[193],"need":[194],"develop":[196],"further":[197],"only":[199],"students":[205,221],"under":[206],"care":[208],"but":[209],"also":[210],"give":[212],"equal":[213],"emphasis":[214],"development":[216],"among":[217],"elementary":[218],"secondary":[220],"valid":[226],"essential":[228],"personal":[229],"trait":[230],"better":[232],"prepare":[233],"for":[235],"education.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-11-09T00:00:00"}
