{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3096089587","doi":null,"title":"Analysis of Parasite Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Proteins and Their Roles in Drug Resistance Phenomena","display_name":"Analysis of Parasite Chloroquine Resistance Transporter Proteins and Their Roles in Drug Resistance Phenomena","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3096089587","mag":"3096089587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/1059438","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/1059438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chemistry","raw_type":"thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091781696","display_name":"Bryce E. Riegel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-9671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-9671"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bryce Riegel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-9671","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091781696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11075","display_name":"Insect Resistance and Genetics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloroquine-resistance","display_name":"chloroquine resistance","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pfcrt","display_name":"pfcrt","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium-falciparum","display_name":"Plasmodium falciparum","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmodium-vivax","display_name":"Plasmodium vivax","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimalarial-drug-resistance","display_name":"antimalarial drug resistance","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quinoline-antimalarials","display_name":"quinoline antimalarials","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digestive-vacuole","display_name":"digestive vacuole","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piperaquine-resistance","display_name":"piperaquine resistance","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acid-substitutions","display_name":"amino acid substitutions","score":0.6779999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71928629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206","display_name":"Parasite hosting","level":2,"score":0.775516152381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777425658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422438","display_name":"Chloroquine","level":3,"score":0.7330259680747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.6214213371276855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149011108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985","display_name":"Transporter","level":3,"score":0.5585137009620667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57473165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315604","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5539827346801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.377073734998703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.35868120193481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156","display_name":"Malaria","level":2,"score":0.30303966999053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.18652385473251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.17044150829315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.1654728651046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.12404924631118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.08288076519966125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.05842423439025879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0543731153011322}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/1059438","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/1059438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chemistry","raw_type":"thesis"},{"id":"mag:3096089587","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/1059438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764685317","display_name":"Georgetown University-Graduate School of Arts & Sciences","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323970070","host_organization_name":"Georgetown University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323970070"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Georgetown University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Georgetown University-Graduate School of Arts & Sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":238,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1478475989","https://openalex.org/W1493262372","https://openalex.org/W1508871661","https://openalex.org/W1520649887","https://openalex.org/W1524785967","https://openalex.org/W1525810389","https://openalex.org/W1554488048","https://openalex.org/W1582828758","https://openalex.org/W1830782429","https://openalex.org/W1832040334","https://openalex.org/W1866240750","https://openalex.org/W1906140483","https://openalex.org/W1906493634","https://openalex.org/W1932740040","https://openalex.org/W1948311135","https://openalex.org/W1949622181","https://openalex.org/W1962039507","https://openalex.org/W1963051611","https://openalex.org/W1964597183","https://openalex.org/W1965695160","https://openalex.org/W1965804686","https://openalex.org/W1967085696","https://openalex.org/W1967852756","https://openalex.org/W1968513003","https://openalex.org/W1969571661","https://openalex.org/W1973157820","https://openalex.org/W1973782344","https://openalex.org/W1975302732","https://openalex.org/W1976399912","https://openalex.org/W1977724107","https://openalex.org/W1981817858","https://openalex.org/W1982591275","https://openalex.org/W1984042432","https://openalex.org/W1986339906","https://openalex.org/W1987311633","https://openalex.org/W1990216616","https://openalex.org/W1990296740","https://openalex.org/W1993347313","https://openalex.org/W1996808398","https://openalex.org/W1998878014","https://openalex.org/W2001102860","https://openalex.org/W2002461860","https://openalex.org/W2006156671","https://openalex.org/W2006740007","https://openalex.org/W2006909094","https://openalex.org/W2011456477","https://openalex.org/W2012963579","https://openalex.org/W2014392076","https://openalex.org/W2015663404","https://openalex.org/W2016102145","https://openalex.org/W2019800572","https://openalex.org/W2020091225","https://openalex.org/W2020560798","https://openalex.org/W2021618654","https://openalex.org/W2021640695","https://openalex.org/W2023284629","https://openalex.org/W2023633070","https://openalex.org/W2024791353","https://openalex.org/W2026315565","https://openalex.org/W2026718176","https://openalex.org/W2027678558","https://openalex.org/W2027835262","https://openalex.org/W2029289710","https://openalex.org/W2029680375","https://openalex.org/W2030165969","https://openalex.org/W2030245294","https://openalex.org/W2030428837","https://openalex.org/W2031180216","https://openalex.org/W2031918765","https://openalex.org/W2031937210","https://openalex.org/W2032760765","https://openalex.org/W2032909619","https://openalex.org/W2033725939","https://openalex.org/W2034850313","https://openalex.org/W2035826427","https://openalex.org/W2037350416","https://openalex.org/W2037832469","https://openalex.org/W2040713555","https://openalex.org/W2042708978","https://openalex.org/W2044691523","https://openalex.org/W2045375618","https://openalex.org/W2045496629","https://openalex.org/W2045508653","https://openalex.org/W2048317542","https://openalex.org/W2049183597","https://openalex.org/W2053732861","https://openalex.org/W2055527040","https://openalex.org/W2062095500","https://openalex.org/W2062820605","https://openalex.org/W2065125970","https://openalex.org/W2069437402","https://openalex.org/W2070457129","https://openalex.org/W2070763276","https://openalex.org/W2071249915","https://openalex.org/W2071920845","https://openalex.org/W2072843074","https://openalex.org/W2074450319","https://openalex.org/W2074749191","https://openalex.org/W2076050649","https://openalex.org/W2079745747","https://openalex.org/W2080956225","https://openalex.org/W2081078606","https://openalex.org/W2082025591","https://openalex.org/W2082650267","https://openalex.org/W2082796078","https://openalex.org/W2083550558","https://openalex.org/W2086460760","https://openalex.org/W2087133966","https://openalex.org/W2088758272","https://openalex.org/W2089706810","https://openalex.org/W2091878349","https://openalex.org/W2092290756","https://openalex.org/W2092370541","https://openalex.org/W2094268351","https://openalex.org/W2094331166","https://openalex.org/W2095352319","https://openalex.org/W2096415021","https://openalex.org/W2098123098","https://openalex.org/W2099262666","https://openalex.org/W2100419926","https://openalex.org/W2101114302","https://openalex.org/W2101929642","https://openalex.org/W2108523891","https://openalex.org/W2108545589","https://openalex.org/W2109626757","https://openalex.org/W2110269548","https://openalex.org/W2112855946","https://openalex.org/W2113703059","https://openalex.org/W2114726277","https://openalex.org/W2114818342","https://openalex.org/W2122967261","https://openalex.org/W2123777737","https://openalex.org/W2124634096","https://openalex.org/W2124883243","https://openalex.org/W2126516116","https://openalex.org/W2126706705","https://openalex.org/W2127056225","https://openalex.org/W2129428401","https://openalex.org/W2129923383","https://openalex.org/W2130961175","https://openalex.org/W2132107151","https://openalex.org/W2132831164","https://openalex.org/W2132923209","https://openalex.org/W2134054893","https://openalex.org/W2137547491","https://openalex.org/W2138865920","https://openalex.org/W2139017151","https://openalex.org/W2139324809","https://openalex.org/W2141592854","https://openalex.org/W2143279537","https://openalex.org/W2143838330","https://openalex.org/W2144827649","https://openalex.org/W2145190460","https://openalex.org/W2145728129","https://openalex.org/W2147418461","https://openalex.org/W2147515823","https://openalex.org/W2148446039","https://openalex.org/W2150418339","https://openalex.org/W2153762474","https://openalex.org/W2154654162","https://openalex.org/W2154786133","https://openalex.org/W2155890819","https://openalex.org/W2157571159","https://openalex.org/W2157824095","https://openalex.org/W2158149195","https://openalex.org/W2158780951","https://openalex.org/W2158950061","https://openalex.org/W2159056342","https://openalex.org/W2159276995","https://openalex.org/W2159357187","https://openalex.org/W2160315579","https://openalex.org/W2164139183","https://openalex.org/W2164898121","https://openalex.org/W2165374523","https://openalex.org/W2166369726","https://openalex.org/W2169329132","https://openalex.org/W2169971066","https://openalex.org/W2172177549","https://openalex.org/W2185290931","https://openalex.org/W2199755807","https://openalex.org/W2205343376","https://openalex.org/W2217028767","https://openalex.org/W2221909792","https://openalex.org/W2229864756","https://openalex.org/W2234562695","https://openalex.org/W2259651707","https://openalex.org/W2269289647","https://openalex.org/W2273900672","https://openalex.org/W2279630534","https://openalex.org/W2280182364","https://openalex.org/W2320437121","https://openalex.org/W2325883990","https://openalex.org/W2335425519","https://openalex.org/W2346971917","https://openalex.org/W2376584008","https://openalex.org/W2408003064","https://openalex.org/W2410923933","https://openalex.org/W2411068755","https://openalex.org/W2418387429","https://openalex.org/W2462219738","https://openalex.org/W2467177598","https://openalex.org/W2467259677","https://openalex.org/W2516822342","https://openalex.org/W2530569707","https://openalex.org/W2544914183","https://openalex.org/W2547042202","https://openalex.org/W2547295550","https://openalex.org/W2560221876","https://openalex.org/W2579721738","https://openalex.org/W2595820219","https://openalex.org/W2597974067","https://openalex.org/W2613934809","https://openalex.org/W2677736497","https://openalex.org/W2734492188","https://openalex.org/W2735068327","https://openalex.org/W2735848561","https://openalex.org/W2740371195","https://openalex.org/W2755424994","https://openalex.org/W2756285626","https://openalex.org/W2765137312","https://openalex.org/W2789830696","https://openalex.org/W2803023244","https://openalex.org/W2804175122","https://openalex.org/W2886706562","https://openalex.org/W2888448105","https://openalex.org/W2888590556","https://openalex.org/W2889803626","https://openalex.org/W2900294342","https://openalex.org/W2902297110","https://openalex.org/W2948584105","https://openalex.org/W2950607694","https://openalex.org/W2951020136","https://openalex.org/W2962374189","https://openalex.org/W2963076417","https://openalex.org/W2969410881","https://openalex.org/W2973765418","https://openalex.org/W2990430418","https://openalex.org/W2993938842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2726090493","https://openalex.org/W2238096036","https://openalex.org/W2178897412","https://openalex.org/W2074450319","https://openalex.org/W2269471288","https://openalex.org/W2665323031","https://openalex.org/W1966825850","https://openalex.org/W3206118778","https://openalex.org/W2143279537","https://openalex.org/W1977610823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,48,55,59,67,95,135,148],"drug":[3,42,195],"resistance":[4,32,43,116,177],"in":[5,14,27,39,79,100,106,118,130,138,170,185],"Plasmodium":[6,29],"parasites":[7],"continues":[8],"to":[9,175,178],"present":[10],"a":[11],"major":[12],"challenge":[13],"abating":[15],"the":[16,28,60,65,85,90,146,155],"global":[17],"malaria":[18],"burden.":[19],"It":[20],"has":[21,160,197],"been":[22,163,173,199],"well":[23,128],"established":[24],"that":[25,104],"mutations":[26,105,137,167,191],"falciparum":[30,82],"chloroquine":[31,56,115],"transporter":[33],"(PfCRT)":[34],"are":[35,77],"critical":[36],"determining":[37],"factors":[38],"quinoline":[40],"antimalarial":[41],"mechanisms.":[44],"Our":[45],"best":[46],"understanding":[47],"this":[49],"mechanism":[50],"implicates":[51],"CRT-facilitated":[52],"downhill":[53],"leak":[54],"(CQ)":[57],"out":[58],"parasite":[61,119],"digestive":[62],"vacuole":[63],"\u2013":[64],"site":[66],"action":[68],"for":[69,113,142,154],"CQ.":[70],"At":[71],"least":[72],"53":[73],"distinct":[74],"PfCRT":[75,107,139,171],"isoforms":[76,97],"expressed":[78,99],"various":[80],"P.":[81,131,143,156],"isolates":[83,120],"around":[84],"globe.":[86],"Previous":[87],"work":[88],"characterized":[89,129],"altered":[91],"CQ-transport":[92],"conferring":[93],"abilities":[94],"these":[96,122,190],"heterologously":[98],"yeast.":[101],"Findings":[102],"indicated":[103],"were":[108],"necessary,":[109],"but":[110,188],"not":[111,126,161,198],"sufficient,":[112],"imparting":[114],"(CQR)":[117],"expressing":[121],"isoforms.":[123],"CQR":[124,141],"is":[125,182],"as":[127],"vivax":[132,157],"malaria.":[133],"Accumulation":[134],"multiple":[136],"controls":[140],"falciparum,":[144],"however":[145],"role":[147],"novel":[149,166],"single":[150],"amino":[151],"acid":[152],"substitutions":[153],"orthologue":[158],"(PvCRT)":[159],"previously":[162],"examined.":[164],"Relatedly,":[165],"recently":[168],"found":[169],"have":[172],"hypothesized":[174],"mediate":[176],"piperaquine":[179],"(PPQR),":[180],"which":[181],"currently":[183],"spreading":[184],"Southeast":[186],"Asia,":[187],"whether":[189],"affect":[192],"CRT":[193],"mediated":[194],"transport":[196],"examined":[200],"until":[201],"now.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2020-11-09T00:00:00"}
