{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3095600114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","title":"Oxidative stress injury and glucolipotoxicity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The potential role of metformin and sitagliptin","display_name":"Oxidative stress injury and glucolipotoxicity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The potential role of metformin and sitagliptin","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3095600114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","mag":"3095600114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183705","display_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","issn_l":"2588-9834","issn":["2588-9834","2588-9842"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090665178","display_name":"Hayder Mutter Al-Kuraishy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3097-2962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3097-2962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"HayderMutter Al-Kuraishy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","Prof. Hayder Mutter Al-Kuraishy, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, P. O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prof. Hayder Mutter Al-Kuraishy, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, P. O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109472812","display_name":"MayHassan Abdul-Hadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MayHassan Abdul-Hadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110710929","display_name":"MarwaThaier Naji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MarwaThaier Naji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113423451","display_name":"Hala Aqeel Shams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HalaAkeel Shams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108273796","display_name":"OulaMohamed Sami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8908-7525","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8908-7525"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"OulaMohamed Sami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069507100","display_name":"Naseer A. Al-Harchan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"NaseerAbdul-Amer Al-Harchan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019363285","display_name":"Ali Ismail Al-Gareeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8284-8897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8284-8897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15873915","display_name":"Mustansiriyah University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s04wy35","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AliIsmail Al-Gareeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Almustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090665178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15873915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95808256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"166","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.8798999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.8798999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.061000000685453415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11140","display_name":"Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies","score":0.020500000566244125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sitagliptin","display_name":"sitagliptin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucolipotoxicity","display_name":"glucolipotoxicity","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-capacity","display_name":"antioxidant capacity","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-oxidant-status","display_name":"total oxidant status","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-antioxidant-status","display_name":"total antioxidant status","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress-index","display_name":"oxidative stress index","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-risk","display_name":"cardiometabolic risk","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fasting-insulin","display_name":"fasting insulin","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-profile","display_name":"lipid profile","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-indices","display_name":"cardiac indices","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropometry","display_name":"anthropometry","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dpp-4-inhibitors","display_name":"DPP-4 inhibitors","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sglt2-inhibitors","display_name":"SGLT2 inhibitors","score":0.7710000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779284873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419832","display_name":"Sitagliptin","level":4,"score":0.9097993969917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.872124433517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8307571411132812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7726485729217529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.7114866971969604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777538456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311213","display_name":"Glycated hemoglobin","level":4,"score":0.6697750091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.5675031542778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5458460450172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5441180467605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.5404999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778270857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2723972","display_name":"Lipid profile","level":3,"score":0.477050244808197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.44514885544776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.42316633462905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.4123545289039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.39045700430870056}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183705","display_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","issn_l":"2588-9834","issn":["2588-9834","2588-9842"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:341c34651cf74062812b534062890dd3","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/341c34651cf74062812b534062890dd3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 166-172 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_7_20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183705","display_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","issn_l":"2588-9834","issn":["2588-9834","2588-9842"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBRJ)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3085361891","https://openalex.org/W4407110271","https://openalex.org/W3152744744","https://openalex.org/W1202215784","https://openalex.org/W3119899701","https://openalex.org/W2619780280","https://openalex.org/W3035189470","https://openalex.org/W6949186844","https://openalex.org/W2976917468","https://openalex.org/W2768397639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"The":[1],"objective":[2],"of":[3,12,139,152,162,263,267,274],"this":[4,36],"study":[5],"was":[6,127,145,174,195,217],"to":[7,148,280],"explore":[8],"the":[9,17,150,168,185,206,227],"potential":[10],"effects":[11],"metformin":[13,65,75,239,249,275],"and/or":[14,256],"sitagliptin":[15,77,241,257,277],"on":[16,64,74,238,248],"oxidative":[18],"stress":[19],"(OS)":[20],"and":[21,33,67,93,112,122,137,215,265,269,276,283],"antioxidant":[22,109],"capacity":[23],"in":[24,118,176,197,219],"patients":[25,40,61,71,119,178,199,221],"with":[26,41,44,62,72,120,156,167,184,205,226,236,246],"type":[27],"2":[28],"diabetes":[29],"mellitus":[30],"(T2DM).":[31],"Materials":[32],"Methods:":[34],"In":[35],"cross-sectional":[37],"study,":[38],"64":[39],"T2DM":[42,63,73,121,157,237,247],"compared":[43,166,183,204,225,245],"32":[45,55],"healthy":[46,56,123],"controls,":[47,57],"they":[48],"divided":[49],"into":[50],"three":[51],"groups:":[52],"Group":[53,58,68],"A:":[54],"B:":[59],"33":[60],"therapy,":[66],"C:":[69],"31":[70],"plus":[76,240],"therapy.":[78],"Fasting":[79],"blood":[80],"glucose,":[81],"glycated":[82],"hemoglobin,":[83],"fasting":[84],"serum":[85],"insulin,":[86],"insulin":[87],"resistance,":[88],"lipid":[89],"profile,":[90],"cardiac":[91],"indices,":[92],"anthropometric":[94],"measurements":[95],"were":[96,116,141],"determined.":[97],"As":[98],"well,":[99],"OS":[100,113,260,285],"parameters":[101],"which":[102],"include":[103],"total":[104,108],"oxidant":[105],"status":[106,110],"(TOS),":[107],"(TAS),":[111],"index":[114],"(OSI)":[115],"measured":[117],"controls.":[124],"Data":[125],"analysis":[126,138],"done":[128],"using":[129],"SPSS;":[130],"for":[131],"significance":[132],"testing,":[133],"unpaired":[134],"Student's":[135],"t-test":[136],"variance":[140],"used.":[142],"Pearson":[143],"correlation":[144],"also":[146],"used":[147],"detect":[149],"level":[151],"correlations.":[153],"Results:":[154],"Patients":[155,235],"have":[158],"a":[159,272],"high":[160,175,218],"risk":[161],"diverse":[163],"cardiometabolic":[164],"changes":[165],"controls":[169,186,207,228],"(P":[170,191,212,232,251],"=":[171,192,213,233,252],"0.0001).":[172,234],"TOS":[173],"diabetic":[177,198,220],"(36.89":[179],"\u00b1":[180,188,201,209,223,230],"4.71":[181],"\u03bcmole/L)":[182,190,203,211],"(12.74":[187],"3.81":[189],"0.0001),":[193,214],"TAS":[194],"low":[196,243],"(1145.89":[200],"293.51":[202],"(1237.61":[208],"383.74":[210],"OSI":[216,244],"(3.21":[222],"1.99)":[224],"(1.02":[229],"0.92)":[231],"illustrated":[242],"monotherapy":[250],"0.04).":[253],"Conclusion:":[254],"Metformin":[255],"attenuate":[258],"T2DM-induced":[259],"through":[261],"potentiation":[262],"TAC":[264],"reduction":[266],"TOC":[268],"OSI.":[270],"Therefore,":[271],"combination":[273],"is":[278],"recommended":[279],"reduce":[281],"glucolipotoxicity":[282],"related":[284],"injury.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-11-09T00:00:00"}
