{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3095297993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","title":"Use of Multiple Urinary Biomarkers for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients","display_name":"Use of Multiple Urinary Biomarkers for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Sickle Cell Anemia Patients","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3095297993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","mag":"3095297993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood-2020-139500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062069151","display_name":"Yagahira E. Castro-Sesquen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-9206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-9206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137853757","display_name":"Howard University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yagahira E. Castro-Sesquen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington DC, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington DC, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030174386","display_name":"Santosh L. Saraf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-4194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-4194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santosh L. Saraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012936630","display_name":"Victor R. Gordeuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4725-7295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4725-7295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor R. Gordeuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025205189","display_name":"Sergei A. Nekhai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-7887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137853757","display_name":"Howard University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergei Nekhai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020863136","display_name":"Marina Jerebtsova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7723-4954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7723-4954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137853757","display_name":"Howard University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Jerebtsova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137853757"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"136","issue":"Supplement 1","first_page":"30","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sickle-cell-disease","display_name":"sickle cell disease","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-detection","display_name":"early detection","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-biomarkers","display_name":"urinary biomarkers","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceruloplasmin","display_name":"ceruloplasmin","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferrin","display_name":"transferrin","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoglobin","display_name":"hemoglobin","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferritin","display_name":"ferritin","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein","display_name":"alpha-1-acid glycoprotein","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-homeostasis","display_name":"iron homeostasis","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glomerular-hyperfiltration","display_name":"glomerular hyperfiltration","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combined-biomarker-detection","display_name":"combined biomarker detection","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"diagnostic accuracy","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spot-urine","display_name":"spot urine","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoglobinuria","display_name":"hemoglobinuria","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.7513811588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7011176347732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5700321793556213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.5179194808006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.5093480348587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.49090009927749634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77411442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181100","display_name":"Urinary system","level":2,"score":0.44924092292785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780306776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426660","display_name":"Creatinine","level":2,"score":0.4455721974372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.4350603222846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22814914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410473","display_name":"Transferrin","level":2,"score":0.411371111869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.34834569692611694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12281438708305359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood-2020-139500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-139500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315750247","https://openalex.org/W2910772686","https://openalex.org/W3192083058","https://openalex.org/W2782570258","https://openalex.org/W2729380308","https://openalex.org/W4310103211","https://openalex.org/W2073182011","https://openalex.org/W4389231826","https://openalex.org/W4400280984","https://openalex.org/W7118808158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],":":[1,95],"More":[2],"than":[3,319,332,425],"60%":[4],"of":[5,17,20,28,57,81,89,92,101,113,123,142,156,171,204,236,267,313,345,365,412,429,453,463,477,493,508,527],"sickle":[6],"cell":[7],"anemia":[8],"(SCA)":[9],"adults":[10],"develop":[11],"chronic":[12,124],"kidney":[13,125,464],"disease":[14,126],"(CKD).":[15],"Identification":[16],"early":[18,90,343,485],"stages":[19,144,160],"CKD":[21,47,143,275,278],"in":[22,50,106,200,460,466],"SCA":[23,51,105,272],"patients":[24,103,273,494],"at":[25,115],"high":[26],"risk":[27],"complications":[29],"could":[30],"lead":[31],"to":[32,162,165,194,244,270,288,351,380,387,390,403,406,414,443,480],"personalized":[33],"treatment":[34,486],"and":[35,65,69,159,182,192,202,222,247,259,276,308,327,361,382,422,439,475,487],"better":[36],"prognosis.":[37],"Recently":[38],"we":[39],"identified":[40],"several":[41],"urinary":[42,83,195],"biomarkers":[43,54,84,229,305,324,338,367,416,455],"that":[44,79,296,335,450],"can":[45,456],"differentiate":[46],"stage":[48,122,152,155,279],"1":[49,153],"patients.":[52],"These":[53,447],"reflect":[55],"pathophysiology":[56],"SCA,":[58],"including":[59],"iron":[60],"homeostasis":[61],"(ceruloplasmin,":[62],"transferrin,":[63],"hemoglobin,":[64],"ferritin);":[66],"inflammation":[67],"(orosomucoid);":[68],"glomerular":[70],"hyperfiltration":[71],"(hepatocyte":[72],"growth":[73,184],"factor":[74,185],"like).":[75],"HYPOTHESIS:":[76],"We":[77,96,263,347],"hypothesized":[78],"combination":[80,364,374],"novel":[82],"might":[85],"improve":[86,457],"the":[87,111,121,130,210,214,223,228,234,237,240,245,253,265,298,352,391,399,407,451,458,461],"accuracy":[88,459],"detection":[91,344,462],"CKD.":[93,346],"METHODS":[94],"evaluated":[97],"spot":[98],"urine":[99,219],"samples":[100],"54":[102],"with":[104,226,277],"a":[107,311,362],"steady":[108],"state":[109],"from":[110,495],"University":[112],"Illinois":[114],"Chicago.":[116],"Patients":[117],"were":[118,145,188,207,286,302],"classified":[119],"by":[120,190,256],"(CKD)":[127],"based":[128],"on":[129,504,523],"National":[131],"Kidney":[132,134],"Foundation,":[133],"Disease":[135],"Outcomes":[136],"Quality":[137],"Initiatives":[138],"guidelines.":[139],"Three":[140,304],"groups":[141],"compared:":[146],"Stage":[147],"0":[148],"(without":[149],"CKD,":[150,157,167],"n=23),":[151],"(early":[154],"n=19),":[158],"2":[161],"5":[163],"(moderate":[164],"severe":[166],"n=12).":[168],"Urine":[169],"levels":[170],"ceruloplasmin":[172],"(CP),":[173],"transferrin":[174],"(TrF),":[175],"hemoglobin":[176],"(Hgb),":[177],"ferritin":[178],"(FrT),":[179],"orosomucoid":[180],"(ORM),":[181],"hepatocyte":[183],"like":[186],"(HGFL)":[187],"measured":[189],"ELISA":[191],"normalized":[193],"creatinine":[196],"(CRE)":[197],"concentrations.":[198],"Differences":[199],"sensitivity":[201,312],"specificity":[203,316,377,400,421,438],"biomarker":[205,269,354,393,409],"combinations":[206,350,396],"compared":[208,243,348,389,405,442],"using":[209,252],"McNemar's":[211],"Test":[212],"against":[213],"simple":[215,246],"model,":[216,225],"which":[217,469],"uses":[218],"Hgb":[220,430],"only,":[221],"complete":[224,248,363,373,444],"all":[227],"together.":[230],"A":[231],"test":[232],"for":[233,292,342,473,484],"equality":[235],"Area":[238],"Under":[239],"Curve":[241],"(AUC)":[242],"models":[249],"was":[250,317],"done":[251],"algorithm":[254],"suggested":[255],"DeLong,":[257,258],"Clarke-Pearson":[260],"(1988).":[261],"RESULTS:":[262],"tested":[264],"ability":[266],"each":[268,293],"distinguish":[271],"without":[274],"1.":[280],"Receiver":[281],"operating":[282],"characteristic":[283],"(ROC)":[284],"curves":[285],"constructed":[287],"determine":[289],"appropriate":[290],"cutoffs":[291],"biomarker.":[294],"Cutoffs":[295],"provided":[297],"highest":[299],"Youden":[300],"Indexes":[301],"used.":[303],"(Hgb,":[306],"CP,":[307],"ORM)":[309],"had":[310,329],"100%;":[314],"however,":[315],"lower":[318,331],"80%":[320],"(range:":[321],"65.2%-72.7%).":[322],"Other":[323],"(Frt,":[325],"Trf,":[326],"HGFL)":[328],"sensitivities":[330],"80%,":[333],"suggesting":[334],"individually":[336],"these":[337],"are":[339],"not":[340],"accurate":[341],"different":[349],"single":[353,392,408],"model":[355,359,426],"(Hgb":[356],"only":[357],"or":[358,510,529],"0)":[360],"six":[366],"(model":[368],"1)":[369],"(Table":[370],"1).":[371],"The":[372],"significantly":[375,397,419],"improved":[376],"(from":[378,385,401],"69.6":[379],"82.6%)":[381],"increased":[383,398,420],"AUC":[384,423,440],"0.86":[386],"0.96)":[388],"model.":[394,410,445],"All":[395],"69.6%":[402],"78.3-82.7%)":[404],"Combinations":[411],"four":[413],"five":[415],"(models":[417],"1-6)":[418],"values":[424,441],"0.":[427],"Combination":[428],"+":[431,434],"CP+":[432],"ORM":[433],"Frt":[435],"produced":[436],"similar":[437],"CONCLUSION:":[446],"results":[448],"demonstrate":[449],"use":[452],"multiple":[454],"pathology":[465],"SCD":[467],"patients,":[468],"has":[470],"essential":[471],"value":[472],"clinicians":[474],"researchers":[476],"clinical":[478],"trials":[479],"target":[481],"high-risk":[482],"individuals":[483],"preventive":[488],"care.":[489],"LIMITATION:":[490],"Small":[491],"cohort":[492],"one":[496],"center.":[497],"Disclosures":[498],"Saraf:":[499],"Global":[500,519,533,552],"Blood":[501,520,534,553],"Therapeutics:":[502,521,554],"Membership":[503,522],"an":[505,524],"entity's":[506,525],"Board":[507,526],"Directors":[509,528],"advisory":[511,530],"committees,":[512],"Other:":[513],"Advisory":[514],"Boards,":[515],"Speakers":[516],"Bureau;":[517],"Novartis,":[518],"committees;":[531],"Pfizer,":[532],"Therapeutics,":[535],"Novartis:":[536,542],"Research":[537,540,545,550,556],"Funding.":[538,557],"Gordeuk:Imara:":[539],"Funding;":[541,546,551],"Consultancy;":[543],"Ironwood:":[544],"CSL":[547],"Behring:":[548],"Consultancy,":[549,555]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-11-09T00:00:00"}
