{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3092886370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","title":"Adaptive Circuit Learning for Quantum Metrology","display_name":"Adaptive Circuit Learning for Quantum Metrology","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3092886370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","mag":"3092886370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608326","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08702","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043345258","display_name":"Ziqi Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025701892","display_name":"Pranav Gokhale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1946-4537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1946-4537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranav Gokhale","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075201562","display_name":"Tian-Xing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-9341","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7841-9341"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Xing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033264921","display_name":"Sisi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4618-8590","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4618-8590"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sisi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025634082","display_name":"Xiaofei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-1052","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-1052"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068826612","display_name":"Liang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-9342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-9342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102792711","display_name":"Peter C. Maurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-5135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-5135"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Maurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083979678","display_name":"Frederic T. Chong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9282-4645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9282-4645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic T. Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago,Chicago,IL,USA,60637","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5043,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85388021,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"419","last_page":"430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9545999765396118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.04399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-metrology","display_name":"quantum metrology","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-sensing","display_name":"quantum sensing","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variational-quantum-circuits","display_name":"variational quantum circuits","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit-learning","display_name":"quantum circuit learning","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-shift-rule","display_name":"parameter-shift rule","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-fisher-information","display_name":"classical Fisher information","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghz-states","display_name":"GHZ states","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-quantum-classical-optimization","display_name":"hybrid quantum-classical optimization","score":0.5690000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6570611000061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95013731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269071","display_name":"Quantum metrology","level":5,"score":0.6015633940696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5743187665939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5258220434188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.5239843726158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5172117948532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.4934314787387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46940457820892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4635756313800812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45530053973197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.42547839879989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41895759105682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.40347161889076233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.37206417322158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.3602391481399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.2501623034477234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19474637508392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18812623620033264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1825833022594452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14403322339057922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.13017481565475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12412962317466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/qce52317.2021.00063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608326","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.08702","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08702","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08702","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1865310","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1865310","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1865310","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3092886370","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2010.08702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2010.08702","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2010.08702","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.08702","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.08702","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.08702","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G107522343","display_name":"PFCQC: STAQ: Software-Tailored Architecture for Quantum co-design","funder_award_id":"1818914","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2173430687","display_name":"Quantum sensing for single-molecule biophysics","funder_award_id":"176875","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3663418429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013-39273","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4566641783","display_name":"ADVANCING INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING THROUGH FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH (AIDE-QC)","funder_award_id":"DESC0020289","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5427778066","display_name":"TOUGH ERRORS ARE NO MATCH (TEAM): OPTIMIZING THE QUANTUM COMPILER FOR NOISE RESILIENCE","funder_award_id":"DESC0020331","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5476995083","display_name":"QLCI-CI: NSF Quantum Leap Challenge Institute for Hybrid Quantum Architectures and Networks","funder_award_id":"2016136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G580951548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PP00P2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G732973843","display_name":"NSF Convergence Accelerator Track C: High-Throughput Proteomics Technology Based on Quantum Sensing","funder_award_id":"2040520","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7875204501","display_name":"Collaborative Research: EPiQC: Enabling Practical-Scale Quantum Computation","funder_award_id":"1730082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G902573048","display_name":"Collaborative Research: EPiQC: Enabling Practical-Scale Quantum Computation","funder_award_id":"1730449","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G922915270","display_name":"QII-TAQS: Quantum Metrological Platform for Single-Molecule Bio-Sensing","funder_award_id":"1936118","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092886370.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092886370.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W641157248","https://openalex.org/W1568345435","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1728630216","https://openalex.org/W1878331791","https://openalex.org/W1980583020","https://openalex.org/W1981983416","https://openalex.org/W1983383923","https://openalex.org/W1986962549","https://openalex.org/W1999664967","https://openalex.org/W2000037069","https://openalex.org/W2007746935","https://openalex.org/W2029232010","https://openalex.org/W2031862801","https://openalex.org/W2034078480","https://openalex.org/W2038674186","https://openalex.org/W2045293822","https://openalex.org/W2050594526","https://openalex.org/W2053565514","https://openalex.org/W2078635972","https://openalex.org/W2083423624","https://openalex.org/W2087491525","https://openalex.org/W2089368486","https://openalex.org/W2103906554","https://openalex.org/W2114013702","https://openalex.org/W2154434103","https://openalex.org/W2155582596","https://openalex.org/W2159974629","https://openalex.org/W2163602254","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2187467903","https://openalex.org/W2578080479","https://openalex.org/W2619502011","https://openalex.org/W2622552587","https://openalex.org/W2737180843","https://openalex.org/W2755255888","https://openalex.org/W2762585259","https://openalex.org/W2767966692","https://openalex.org/W2792946961","https://openalex.org/W2793618798","https://openalex.org/W2884638803","https://openalex.org/W2888228864","https://openalex.org/W2913558472","https://openalex.org/W2913992572","https://openalex.org/W2930242962","https://openalex.org/W2944288096","https://openalex.org/W2949469742","https://openalex.org/W2950036696","https://openalex.org/W2950385297","https://openalex.org/W2969241977","https://openalex.org/W2969592673","https://openalex.org/W2976152282","https://openalex.org/W2979840408","https://openalex.org/W2994831876","https://openalex.org/W3014097088","https://openalex.org/W3015265981","https://openalex.org/W3025064284","https://openalex.org/W3034909587","https://openalex.org/W3036037329","https://openalex.org/W3037447387","https://openalex.org/W3038759110","https://openalex.org/W3102949948","https://openalex.org/W3103869002","https://openalex.org/W4255590604","https://openalex.org/W4255783720","https://openalex.org/W6686801988"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203767528","https://openalex.org/W4415987871","https://openalex.org/W4404517180","https://openalex.org/W4417438259","https://openalex.org/W7166507769","https://openalex.org/W7118197597","https://openalex.org/W4416097681","https://openalex.org/W4414421838","https://openalex.org/W7165677083","https://openalex.org/W4221094646"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"sensing":[1,62,85],"is":[2,76],"an":[3,79,92],"important":[4],"application":[5,48],"of":[6,16,27,78,97,139,181],"emerging":[7],"quantum":[8,17,20,61,74,133,140,171],"technologies.":[9],"We":[10,100,143],"explore":[11],"whether":[12],"a":[13,54,60,88],"hybrid":[14],"system":[15,141,187],"sensors":[18],"and":[19,39,49,70,87,155],"circuits":[21,41],"can":[22,58,115],"surpass":[23],"the":[24,83,98,102,107,124,136,163,178],"classical":[25,164],"limit":[26,165],"sensing.":[28],"In":[29],"particular,":[30],"we":[31],"use":[32],"optimization":[33],"techniques":[34],"to":[35,105,146],"search":[36],"for":[37],"encoder":[38,80],"decoder":[40,89],"that":[42,57],"scalably":[43,121],"improve":[44],"sensitivity":[45],"under":[46],"given":[47],"noise":[50],"characteristics.Our":[51],"approach":[52],"uses":[53],"variational":[55],"algorithm":[56,114,176],"learn":[59],"circuit":[63,75,104],"based":[64],"on":[65,118,131,166],"platform-specific":[66],"control":[67],"capacity,":[68],"noise,":[69],"signal":[71],"distribution.":[72],"The":[73],"composed":[77],"which":[81,90,127],"prepares":[82],"optimal":[84],"state":[86],"gives":[91],"output":[93],"distribution":[94],"containing":[95],"information":[96],"signal.":[99],"optimize":[101],"full":[103],"maximize":[106],"Signal-to-Noise":[108],"Ratio":[109],"(SNR).":[110],"Furthermore,":[111],"this":[112],"learning":[113],"be":[116],"run":[117],"real":[119],"hardware":[120],"by":[122],"using":[123,169],"\"parameter-shift\"":[125],"rule":[126],"enables":[128],"gradient":[129],"evaluation":[130],"noisy":[132],"circuits,":[134],"avoiding":[135],"exponential":[137],"cost":[138],"simulation.":[142],"demonstrate":[144],"up":[145],"13.12x":[147],"SNR":[148],"improvement":[149,161],"over":[150,162],"existing":[151,182],"fixed":[152],"protocol":[153],"(GHZ),":[154],"3.19x":[156],"Classical":[157],"Fisher":[158],"Information":[159],"(CFI)":[160],"15":[167],"qubits":[168],"IBM":[170],"computer.":[172],"More":[173],"notably,":[174],"our":[175],"overcomes":[177],"decreasing":[179],"performance":[180],"entanglement-based":[183],"protocols":[184],"with":[185],"increased":[186],"sizes.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-10-22T00:00:00"}