{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3090934340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","title":"Percentage Analysis Mixed of CPO, Phosphic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide as a Replacement for Diesel Engine Oil Fuel Using a Calorize Test","display_name":"Percentage Analysis Mixed of CPO, Phosphic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide as a Replacement for Diesel Engine Oil Fuel Using a Calorize Test","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3090934340","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","mag":"3090934340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","pdf_url":"https://www.ijecs.in/index.php/ijecs/article/download/4529/3975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587604","display_name":"International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science","issn_l":"2319-7242","issn":["2319-7242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322632079","host_organization_name":"Engg Journals Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322632079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Engg Journals Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ijecs.in/index.php/ijecs/article/download/4529/3975","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103751643","display_name":"Yuspian Gunawan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuspian Gunawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043556073","display_name":"La Hasanuddin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"La Hasanuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082013436","display_name":"Raden Rinova Sisworo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-0302","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0283-0302"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raden Rinova Sisworo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037054797","display_name":"Agustinus Lolok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agustinus Lolok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bunyamin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bunyamin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055914704","display_name":"Nanang Endriatno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nanang Endriatno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024150746","display_name":"Muhlas Adi Putra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35304288","display_name":"Universitas Halu Oleo","ror":"https://ror.org/02j4mf075","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhlas Adi Putra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Alumni, Halu Oleo University-Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35304288"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09007266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"09","first_page":"25189","last_page":"25198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11557","display_name":"Lubricants and Their Additives","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphoric-acid","display_name":"phosphoric acid","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-hydroxide","display_name":"sodium hydroxide","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transesterification-catalysts","display_name":"transesterification catalysts","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calorimetry","display_name":"calorimetry","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalyst-concentration-optimization","display_name":"catalyst concentration optimization","score":0.40400001406669617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776622989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184782","display_name":"Phosphoric acid","level":2,"score":0.8627490997314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52896960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947","display_name":"Biodiesel","level":3,"score":0.8045883178710938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102769","display_name":"Sodium hydroxide","level":2,"score":0.7742891907691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777241282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591576","display_name":"Transesterification","level":3,"score":0.7420688271522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6084957122802734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.5991871953010559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779607525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14982","display_name":"Methanol","level":2,"score":0.5709638595581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.469806969165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.46161943674087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2785875201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.1736460030078888}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","pdf_url":"https://www.ijecs.in/index.php/ijecs/article/download/4529/3975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587604","display_name":"International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science","issn_l":"2319-7242","issn":["2319-7242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322632079","host_organization_name":"Engg Journals Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322632079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Engg Journals Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i09.4529","pdf_url":"https://www.ijecs.in/index.php/ijecs/article/download/4529/3975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587604","display_name":"International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science","issn_l":"2319-7242","issn":["2319-7242"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322632079","host_organization_name":"Engg Journals Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322632079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Engg Journals Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.878000020980835},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5925999879837036}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3090934340.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3090934340.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W633499502","https://openalex.org/W1414809899","https://openalex.org/W2142403967","https://openalex.org/W2187347922","https://openalex.org/W2532589632","https://openalex.org/W2601558878","https://openalex.org/W2763043969","https://openalex.org/W2884129867","https://openalex.org/W2902841818","https://openalex.org/W2912941070","https://openalex.org/W2953827585","https://openalex.org/W2958171107","https://openalex.org/W3008812585","https://openalex.org/W4211256785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285572987","https://openalex.org/W2141139745","https://openalex.org/W3136443619","https://openalex.org/W2994710857","https://openalex.org/W3094942476","https://openalex.org/W1988091883","https://openalex.org/W1761681079","https://openalex.org/W2367457396","https://openalex.org/W2577606073","https://openalex.org/W2656958782"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,16,34,41,43,54,64,114,126],"the":[2,35,39,44,96],"researches":[3],"being":[4],"developed":[5],"is":[6,27,49],"to":[7],"produce":[8],"methyl":[9],"esters":[10],"from":[11,23,51],"CPO":[12],"through":[13],"transesterification":[14],"reaction":[15],"vegetable":[17],"oil":[18,26],"(triglycerides)":[19],"with":[20,61,110,122],"methanol.":[21],"Biodiesel":[22,47],"crude":[24],"palm":[25],"a":[28,52,62,111,123],"new":[29],"hope":[30],"for":[31],"answering":[32],"some":[33],"energy":[36],"needs.":[37],"know":[38],"rate":[40,113],"combustion":[42],"biodiesel":[45],"produced.":[46],"that":[48,95],"produced":[50],"mixture":[53,99],"CPO,":[55,67,76,85,102],"phosphoric":[56],"acid":[57,104],"and":[58,106],"sodium":[59,108],"hydroxide,":[60],"percentage":[63],"I.":[65],"98%":[66],"1%":[68,71],"Phosphoric":[69,78,87],"Acid,":[70,79,88],"Sodium":[72,81,90],"Hydroxide:":[73,82],"II.":[74],"95%":[75,84,101],"2%":[77,89,107],"3%":[80,86,103],"III.":[83],"Hydroxide.":[91],"The":[92],"results":[93],"showed":[94],"most":[97],"effective":[98],"was":[100],"phosphate":[105],"hydroxide":[109],"burning":[112],"0.309":[115],"g":[116],"/":[117],"minute":[118],"in":[119],"30.42":[120],"minutes":[121],"final":[124],"temperature":[125],"57":[127],"(oC).":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-10-08T00:00:00"}