{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3086739189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","title":"Dynamical Characteristics of External Cavity Quantum Cascade Lasers","display_name":"Dynamical Characteristics of External Cavity Quantum Cascade Lasers","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3086739189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","mag":"3086739189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.35840/2631-5092/4520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","pdf_url":"https://www.vibgyorpublishers.org/content/ijope/ijope-4-020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231655","display_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","issn_l":"2631-5092","issn":["2631-5092"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.vibgyorpublishers.org/content/ijope/ijope-4-020.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018281048","display_name":"A. Hamadou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40193446","display_name":"University Ferhat Abbas of Setif","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzqza52","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135256","display_name":"University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj","ror":"https://ror.org/03e75b898","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135256"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hamadou Abdelouahab","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nie Civil, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie, Universit\u00e9 Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, Bordj Bou Arreridj 34000, Algeria","Laboratoire d'\u00e9tude des Surfaces et Interfaces des Mat\u00e9riaux Solides (LESIMS), Universit\u00e9 Ferhat Abbas S\u00e9tif1, 19000, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement de G\u00e9nie Civil, Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et de la Technologie, Universit\u00e9 Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, Bordj Bou Arreridj 34000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135256"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'\u00e9tude des Surfaces et Interfaces des Mat\u00e9riaux Solides (LESIMS), Universit\u00e9 Ferhat Abbas S\u00e9tif1, 19000, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018281048"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40193446","https://openalex.org/I4210135256"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0899,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43954112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.31299999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.07320000231266022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-cavity-quantum-cascade-laser","display_name":"external cavity quantum cascade laser","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-characteristics","display_name":"dynamic characteristics","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-time","display_name":"delay time","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rise-time","display_name":"rise time","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-steady-state","display_name":"time to steady state","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-current","display_name":"threshold current","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-cavity-length","display_name":"external cavity length","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mid-infrared-lasers","display_name":"mid-infrared lasers","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.8367082476615906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6015169620513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5806618332862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5493603944778442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407411","display_name":"Quantum cascade laser","level":3,"score":0.4733723998069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111163200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904041","display_name":"Rate equation","level":3,"score":0.46279051899909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.44606107473373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.28756028413772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2611117660999298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.22523817420005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06924822926521301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.35840/2631-5092/4520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","pdf_url":"https://www.vibgyorpublishers.org/content/ijope/ijope-4-020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231655","display_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","issn_l":"2631-5092","issn":["2631-5092"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.35840/2631-5092/4520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5092/4520","pdf_url":"https://www.vibgyorpublishers.org/content/ijope/ijope-4-020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210231655","display_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","issn_l":"2631-5092","issn":["2631-5092"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Optics and Photonic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3086739189.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3086739189.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505954127","https://openalex.org/W1965708667","https://openalex.org/W2015424565","https://openalex.org/W2017029580","https://openalex.org/W2030734067","https://openalex.org/W2036594716","https://openalex.org/W2040907885","https://openalex.org/W2053141985","https://openalex.org/W2058330499","https://openalex.org/W2080423571","https://openalex.org/W2080741337","https://openalex.org/W2083879290","https://openalex.org/W2095950140","https://openalex.org/W2142448580","https://openalex.org/W2146342573","https://openalex.org/W2794151711","https://openalex.org/W3086739189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794151711","https://openalex.org/W1977599734","https://openalex.org/W2898729930","https://openalex.org/W2080741337","https://openalex.org/W2058330499","https://openalex.org/W2091967654","https://openalex.org/W3038207783","https://openalex.org/W1262380130","https://openalex.org/W2064377362","https://openalex.org/W2621843225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,72],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"calculate":[4],"the":[5,36,41,44,55,65,74,79,82,88,94,100],"dynamical":[6,83,105],"characteristics":[7,84,106],"such":[8],"as":[9],"delay":[10],"time,":[11,13],"rise":[12],"and":[14,68],"time":[15],"to":[16,28],"steady":[17],"state":[18],"establishment,":[19],"of":[20,43,58,81,90,99],"a":[21],"mid":[22],"infrared":[23],"quantum":[24],"cascade":[25],"laser":[26],"coupled":[27],"external":[29,47,59,66,69,101],"cavity.":[30],"The":[31,97],"approach":[32],"is":[33,61],"based":[34],"on":[35,46,104],"three-level":[37],"rate":[38],"equations":[39,75],"including":[40],"dependence":[42],"loss":[45],"cavity":[48,60,70,102],"parameters.":[49],"We":[50],"find":[51],"in":[52,93],"particular":[53],"that":[54,76],"threshold":[56],"current":[57],"strongly":[62],"influenced":[63],"by":[64],"reflectivity":[67],"length.":[71],"addition,":[73],"allow":[77],"for":[78],"determination":[80],"are":[85,107],"derived":[86],"within":[87],"premises":[89],"our":[91],"model":[92],"general":[95],"case.":[96],"effects":[98],"parameters":[103],"also":[108],"explored.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-07T09:17:50.787605","created_date":"2020-09-21T00:00:00"}
