{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3085611250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","title":"Learning to be a Platform Owner: How BMW Enhances App Development for Cars","display_name":"Learning to be a Platform Owner: How BMW Enhances App Development for Cars","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3085611250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","mag":"3085611250"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004569970","display_name":"Niklas Wei\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-7949","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-7949"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niklas Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-7949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045422548","display_name":"Manuel Wiesche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0401-287X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0401-287X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Wiesche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0401-287X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040648361","display_name":"Maximilian Schreieck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-8869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-8869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maximilian Schreieck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1937-8869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077586272","display_name":"Helmut Krcmar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-8493","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-8493","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9724-4922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helmut Krcmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-8493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr, Garching, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86982771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"6","first_page":"4019","last_page":"4035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-platform-governance","display_name":"digital platform governance","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/app-developers","display_name":"app developers","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bmw-group","display_name":"BMW Group","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-transfer","display_name":"knowledge transfer","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/app-development","display_name":"app development","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-platforms","display_name":"digital platforms","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779185108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7091744","display_name":"Onboarding","level":2,"score":0.7482264041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5039657950401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45422792434692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.44164830446243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4229309856891632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3543204963207245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.34007567167282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1661677360534668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2020.3017051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1576542","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1576542","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":79,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65961386","https://openalex.org/W1482707767","https://openalex.org/W1492651720","https://openalex.org/W1515587369","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1528535182","https://openalex.org/W1573877699","https://openalex.org/W1603882355","https://openalex.org/W1900470919","https://openalex.org/W1982437751","https://openalex.org/W1993428784","https://openalex.org/W2005471382","https://openalex.org/W2006479099","https://openalex.org/W2010470770","https://openalex.org/W2031984117","https://openalex.org/W2032900096","https://openalex.org/W2049860169","https://openalex.org/W2059525930","https://openalex.org/W2065036298","https://openalex.org/W2067625200","https://openalex.org/W2093016541","https://openalex.org/W2102675398","https://openalex.org/W2103802754","https://openalex.org/W2106919063","https://openalex.org/W2110107231","https://openalex.org/W2116132371","https://openalex.org/W2118947665","https://openalex.org/W2122910380","https://openalex.org/W2125348913","https://openalex.org/W2132081716","https://openalex.org/W2138985932","https://openalex.org/W2140882648","https://openalex.org/W2141951329","https://openalex.org/W2143642228","https://openalex.org/W2147088137","https://openalex.org/W2150587481","https://openalex.org/W2155677334","https://openalex.org/W2160449301","https://openalex.org/W2162635596","https://openalex.org/W2164284962","https://openalex.org/W2169521630","https://openalex.org/W2176801670","https://openalex.org/W2213841751","https://openalex.org/W2242902128","https://openalex.org/W2256583476","https://openalex.org/W2283173487","https://openalex.org/W2322321528","https://openalex.org/W2397558774","https://openalex.org/W2522115627","https://openalex.org/W2552402791","https://openalex.org/W2560070952","https://openalex.org/W2563852009","https://openalex.org/W2566105403","https://openalex.org/W2582377764","https://openalex.org/W2601853749","https://openalex.org/W2605821496","https://openalex.org/W2606838461","https://openalex.org/W2623913584","https://openalex.org/W2736562113","https://openalex.org/W2744204487","https://openalex.org/W2744452078","https://openalex.org/W2748375097","https://openalex.org/W2767560122","https://openalex.org/W2769988054","https://openalex.org/W2784842309","https://openalex.org/W2788519484","https://openalex.org/W2801115940","https://openalex.org/W2898576437","https://openalex.org/W2904149968","https://openalex.org/W2918259332","https://openalex.org/W2944740112","https://openalex.org/W2967459683","https://openalex.org/W2985680329","https://openalex.org/W3021665289","https://openalex.org/W3123049215","https://openalex.org/W3124204492","https://openalex.org/W3124511088","https://openalex.org/W4230659750","https://openalex.org/W4252733663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2829230104","https://openalex.org/W6982951455","https://openalex.org/W4383311703","https://openalex.org/W3117263832","https://openalex.org/W6986433709","https://openalex.org/W7070439134","https://openalex.org/W4400439994","https://openalex.org/W2966356057","https://openalex.org/W3137393576","https://openalex.org/W2989533465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Platform":[0],"owners":[1,71],"face":[2],"multiple":[3],"challenges":[4],"such":[5],"as":[6,12,14,31,142],"onboarding":[7],"and":[8,48,123,138,175],"orchestrating":[9],"app":[10,49,57,76,164],"developers":[11,58,77],"well":[13],"providing":[15],"resources":[16],"to":[17,33,78,150,197],"enable":[18,146],"the":[19,38,42,92,103,159,163,169,179],"development":[20],"of":[21,44,68,94,120,133,136,140,158,182],"complementary":[22],"apps.":[23],"Information":[24],"systems":[25],"research":[26],"considers":[27],"digital":[28,81,96,153,160,199],"platform":[29,46,70,97,148,161,173,185],"governance":[30],"key":[32],"address":[34,84],"these":[35,62],"challenges.":[36],"Thereby,":[37],"focus":[39],"lies":[40],"on":[41,172],"relationship":[43],"a":[45,95,118,147],"owner":[47,149],"developers.":[50],"However,":[51],"while":[52],"there":[53,64],"is":[54,65],"evidence":[55],"how":[56,69],"acquire":[59],"skills":[60],"through":[61],"interactions,":[63],"limited":[66],"knowledge":[67],"benefit":[72],"from":[73],"interacting":[74],"with":[75],"improve":[79],"their":[80],"platforms.":[82,200],"To":[83],"this":[85,88],"gap,":[86],"in":[87,110],"article,":[89],"we":[90,115],"study":[91],"emergence":[93,174],"for":[98,192],"automotive":[99],"onboard":[100],"apps":[101],"within":[102],"BMW":[104],"Group.":[105],"Our":[106,166,187],"results":[107],"are":[108,124,195],"grounded":[109],"30":[111],"expert":[112],"interviews":[113],"that":[114,145,194],"conducted":[116],"during":[117],"period":[119],"two":[121],"years":[122],"enriched":[125],"by":[126],"extensive":[127],"secondary":[128],"data.":[129],"We":[130],"identify":[131],"transfer":[132,135,139],"perspective,":[134],"knowledge,":[137],"artifacts":[141],"basic":[143],"mechanisms":[144],"enhance":[151],"its":[152],"platform.":[154],"The":[155],"inherent":[156],"improvements":[157],"facilitate":[162],"development.":[165],"work":[167],"extends":[168],"existing":[170],"theory":[171],"provides":[176],"insights":[177],"into":[178],"learning":[180],"process":[181],"an":[183],"inexperienced":[184],"owner.":[186],"findings":[188],"reveal":[189],"valuable":[190],"recommendations":[191],"organizations":[193],"struggling":[196],"establish":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-09-21T00:00:00"}