{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3084214243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","title":"The Crowd-Emotion-Amplification Effect","display_name":"The Crowd-Emotion-Amplification Effect","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3084214243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","mag":"3084214243","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33626289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0956797620970561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58854535","display_name":"Psychological Science","issn_l":"0956-7976","issn":["0956-7976","1467-9280"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","fnege-2","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025218700","display_name":"Amit Goldenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9417-5682","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9417-5682"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Goldenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Business School, Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9417-5682","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Business School, Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000361569","display_name":"Erika Weisz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-1015","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-1015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erika Weisz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022827102","display_name":"Timothy D. Sweeny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5602-3215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5602-3215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131651094","display_name":"University of Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/04w7skc03","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy D. Sweeny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Denver"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Denver","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131651094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017619946","display_name":"Mina Cikara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-4474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-4474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mina Cikara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-4474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051095866","display_name":"James J. Gross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-3090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-3090","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-6559"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James J. Gross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025218700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97215814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"3","first_page":"437","last_page":"450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.016599999740719795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowd-emotions","display_name":"crowd emotions","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attentional-bias","display_name":"attentional bias","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snap-judgments","display_name":"snap judgments","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowd-perception","display_name":"crowd perception","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-emotion-recognition","display_name":"facial emotion recognition","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"eye tracking","score":0.4740000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.877303421497345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8261754512786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168862018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373805","display_name":"Emotionality","level":2,"score":0.5789626836776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5487693548202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.509039580821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.49502819776535034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4635433852672577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.41892021894454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07738626003265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07477694749832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003441","descriptor_name":"Crowding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007600","descriptor_name":"Judgment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0956797620970561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620970561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58854535","display_name":"Psychological Science","issn_l":"0956-7976","issn":["0956-7976","1467-9280"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","fnege-2","ft50","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33626289","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33626289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1998823760","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1653188","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337405","funder_display_name":"Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337405","display_name":"Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05wgkzg12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W209318144","https://openalex.org/W1686904095","https://openalex.org/W1963881731","https://openalex.org/W1969756516","https://openalex.org/W1972574774","https://openalex.org/W1990480344","https://openalex.org/W1992706195","https://openalex.org/W2003052614","https://openalex.org/W2025280753","https://openalex.org/W2037103906","https://openalex.org/W2039528732","https://openalex.org/W2050350414","https://openalex.org/W2055033299","https://openalex.org/W2072014595","https://openalex.org/W2074709111","https://openalex.org/W2098353881","https://openalex.org/W2098958400","https://openalex.org/W2100724786","https://openalex.org/W2108672095","https://openalex.org/W2108936682","https://openalex.org/W2119052627","https://openalex.org/W2131019403","https://openalex.org/W2141093480","https://openalex.org/W2150014447","https://openalex.org/W2151147496","https://openalex.org/W2162090451","https://openalex.org/W2223951741","https://openalex.org/W2324648509","https://openalex.org/W2583678006","https://openalex.org/W2724725290","https://openalex.org/W2765320707","https://openalex.org/W2778192225","https://openalex.org/W2784131482","https://openalex.org/W2800209292","https://openalex.org/W2804677711","https://openalex.org/W2884236722","https://openalex.org/W2893395394","https://openalex.org/W2962817894","https://openalex.org/W2962971949","https://openalex.org/W2967485505","https://openalex.org/W2971653688","https://openalex.org/W3032436563","https://openalex.org/W3125364938","https://openalex.org/W4213371756","https://openalex.org/W4242973063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412166938","https://openalex.org/W7140045885","https://openalex.org/W6887777999","https://openalex.org/W4401993635","https://openalex.org/W6962777693","https://openalex.org/W2529257545","https://openalex.org/W7213617988","https://openalex.org/W2503799762","https://openalex.org/W4377011774","https://openalex.org/W7140042736"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"do":[1],"people":[2,16],"go":[3],"about":[4],"reading":[5],"a":[6,13,18,52,55,127],"room":[7],"or":[8],"taking":[9],"the":[10,35,74,84],"temperature":[11],"of":[12,21,24,34],"crowd?":[14],"When":[15],"catch":[17],"brief":[19],"glimpse":[20],"an":[22],"array":[23],"faces,":[25],"they":[26],"can":[27],"focus":[28],"their":[29],"attention":[30],"on":[31],"only":[32],"some":[33],"faces.":[36],"We":[37],"propose":[38],"that":[39,49,103],"perceivers":[40],"preferentially":[41],"attend":[42],"to":[43,101,106,133],"faces":[44,108],"exhibiting":[45],"strong":[46],"emotions":[47],"and":[48],"this":[50],"generates":[51],"crowd-emotion-amplification":[53,75],"effect\u2014estimating":[54],"crowd\u2019s":[56,128],"average":[57],"emotional":[58,107],"response":[59],"as":[60],"more":[61],"extreme":[62],"than":[63],"it":[64],"actually":[65],"is.":[66],"Study":[67,77,92],"1":[68],"(":[69,79,94],"N":[70,80,95],"=":[71,81,96],"50)":[72,82,97],"documented":[73],"effect.":[76],"2":[78],"replicated":[83],"effect":[85],"even":[86],"when":[87],"we":[88],"increased":[89],"exposure":[90],"time.":[91],"3":[93],"used":[98],"eye":[99],"tracking":[100],"show":[102],"attentional":[104],"bias":[105],"drives":[109],"amplification.":[110],"These":[111],"findings":[112],"have":[113],"important":[114],"implications":[115],"for":[116],"many":[117],"domains":[118],"in":[119],"which":[120],"individuals":[121],"must":[122],"make":[123],"snap":[124],"judgments":[125],"regarding":[126],"emotionality,":[129],"from":[130],"public":[131],"speaking":[132],"controlling":[134],"crowds.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2020-09-14T00:00:00"}