{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083679832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","title":"Understanding the Discrimination Experienced by Customers with Disabilities in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: The Case of Seoul in South Korea","display_name":"Understanding the Discrimination Experienced by Customers with Disabilities in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: The Case of Seoul in South Korea","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083679832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","mag":"3083679832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12187328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7328/pdf?version=1600066954","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7328/pdf?version=1600066954","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049176621","display_name":"Jee-Eun Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jee-Eun Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Tourism Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Tourism Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049176621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"fwci":6.8147,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97007925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"18","first_page":"7328","last_page":"7328"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.4927000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.4927000105381012,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":0.2628999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.1370999962091446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-discrimination","display_name":"disability discrimination","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism-accessibility","display_name":"accessible tourism","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism-and-hospitality-industry","display_name":"tourism and hospitality industry","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotypes","display_name":"stereotypes","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigma","display_name":"stigma","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-providers","display_name":"service providers","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourist-attractions","display_name":"tourist attractions","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-infrastructure","display_name":"physical infrastructure","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitality-marketing","display_name":"hospitality marketing","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seoul","display_name":"Seoul","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.8292824029922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107482638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815825","display_name":"Hospitality","level":3,"score":0.7971553802490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.6663596034049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.6527543067932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107062074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109701697","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","level":2,"score":0.5586056709289551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5558496713638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525551149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1495452","display_name":"Hospitality industry","level":3,"score":0.5315698385238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179454799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151","display_name":"Ethnography","level":2,"score":0.48208218812942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4529385566711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4525562524795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4083115756511688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39881202578544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3637327551841736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2855295240879059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23731210827827454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15293103456497192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12187328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7328/pdf?version=1600066954","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:18:p:7328-:d:410031","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7328/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:75c8293bd0e44bfb9e3ece1d83e015ad","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/75c8293bd0e44bfb9e3ece1d83e015ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 7328, p 7328 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12187328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187328","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/18/7328/pdf?version=1600066954","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2945507865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017S1A5B5A02025730","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083679832.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083679832.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W792561400","https://openalex.org/W1481364992","https://openalex.org/W1547751829","https://openalex.org/W1608845883","https://openalex.org/W1697719804","https://openalex.org/W1711495678","https://openalex.org/W1951853857","https://openalex.org/W1989863659","https://openalex.org/W1995027216","https://openalex.org/W2018537678","https://openalex.org/W2023967465","https://openalex.org/W2033339500","https://openalex.org/W2034881196","https://openalex.org/W2036391393","https://openalex.org/W2039798407","https://openalex.org/W2055500140","https://openalex.org/W2083888861","https://openalex.org/W2093761205","https://openalex.org/W2096624093","https://openalex.org/W2099202972","https://openalex.org/W2102126638","https://openalex.org/W2107181104","https://openalex.org/W2107798306","https://openalex.org/W2123759235","https://openalex.org/W2125260296","https://openalex.org/W2126204416","https://openalex.org/W2128273233","https://openalex.org/W2131057858","https://openalex.org/W2131596154","https://openalex.org/W2133377111","https://openalex.org/W2139332287","https://openalex.org/W2144564499","https://openalex.org/W2144650883","https://openalex.org/W2146985818","https://openalex.org/W2162140477","https://openalex.org/W2520501425","https://openalex.org/W2613449783","https://openalex.org/W2743766344","https://openalex.org/W2749407543","https://openalex.org/W3016418934","https://openalex.org/W3036667521","https://openalex.org/W4229766796","https://openalex.org/W4236134047","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6675996932","https://openalex.org/W6776158923"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396753821","https://openalex.org/W2746405679","https://openalex.org/W1518229850","https://openalex.org/W2593488165","https://openalex.org/W2538585026","https://openalex.org/W4415794738","https://openalex.org/W3200756687","https://openalex.org/W4400357782","https://openalex.org/W3149345998","https://openalex.org/W4404485817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"begins":[2],"with":[3,62,93,106,118,125,132,134,157,164,200],"the":[4,7,23,45,65,85,121,130,153,193,208],"view":[5,103],"that":[6,104,151],"research":[8,37],"of":[9,26,50,58,60,87,89,91,123,155,176,186,210],"accessible":[10,39],"tourism":[11,40,66],"should":[12],"not":[13],"only":[14],"find":[15],"justification":[16],"for":[17,29],"increasing":[18],"demand":[19],"but":[20],"also":[21,113],"have":[22,100,108,147],"ultimate":[24],"purpose":[25],"seeking":[27],"justice":[28],"an":[30,73],"equitable":[31],"society.":[32,177],"To":[33],"this":[34,211],"end,":[35],"prior":[36],"on":[38,84],"is":[41],"theoretically":[42],"outlined,":[43],"and":[44,48,67,111,137,144,189],"concepts,":[46],"causes,":[47],"aspects":[49],"disability":[51],"discrimination":[52,59,197],"are":[53,70,78],"considered.":[54],"In":[55,95],"addition,":[56],"cases":[57],"customers":[61,92,105,117,124,156,163,199],"disabilities":[63,107,119,133,158,165,201],"in":[64,184],"hospitality":[68],"industries":[69],"investigated":[71],"by":[72],"ethnographic":[74],"approach.":[75],"The":[76],"findings":[77],"categorized":[79],"into":[80],"seven":[81],"sections,":[82],"depending":[83],"type":[86],"lack":[88],"understanding":[90],"disabilities.":[94],"other":[96],"words,":[97],"service":[98],"providers":[99],"a":[101,135,149,169],"stereotypical":[102],"similar":[109],"attributes,":[110],"they":[112],"fail":[114],"to":[115,159],"free":[116],"from":[120,207],"prejudice":[122],"nondisabilities,":[126],"who":[127],"may":[128],"generalize":[129],"group":[131],"negative":[136],"hostile":[138],"attitude.":[139],"Additionally,":[140],"tourist":[141],"attractions,":[142],"lodging,":[143],"dining":[145],"infrastructure":[146],"caused":[148],"stigma":[150],"lowers":[152],"activities":[154],"bystanders":[160],"or":[161],"makes":[162],"more":[166],"recognized":[167],"as":[168,203],"social":[170],"protection":[171],"target":[172],"rather":[173],"than":[174],"members":[175],"Therefore,":[178],"marketing":[179],"implications":[180],"can":[181,204],"be":[182,205],"discussed":[183],"terms":[185],"physical":[187],"facilities":[188],"human":[190],"services":[191],"at":[192],"key":[194],"points":[195],"where":[196],"against":[198],"occurs,":[202],"seen":[206],"results":[209],"study.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-09-11T00:00:00"}