{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083589082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","title":"Financial performance of hospitals: A critical obligation of corporate governance dimensions","display_name":"Financial performance of hospitals: A critical obligation of corporate governance dimensions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083589082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","mag":"3083589082","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32885883"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/hpm.3049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107551278","display_name":"The International Journal of Health Planning and Management","issn_l":"0749-6753","issn":["0749-6753","1099-1751"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Health Planning and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042741537","display_name":"Stephen Owusu Afriyie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-6378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-6378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen O. Afriyie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-6378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077157120","display_name":"Yusheng Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-6482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-6482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yusheng Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-6482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008963216","display_name":"Peter Yao Lartey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8568-6552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8568-6552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Y. Lartey","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108297977","display_name":"Kaodui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-6639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-6639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Kaodui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044582588","display_name":"Isaac Asare Bediako","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151633","display_name":"Koforidua Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vexvt14","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151633"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac A. Bediako","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and Management Studies, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and Management Studies, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101089426","display_name":"Wenhao Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Overseas Education College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Overseas Education College, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046520481","display_name":"Peter H. Kyeremateng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159584","display_name":"Ghana Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/052ss8w32","country_code":"GH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111406484","https://openalex.org/I4210159584"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. Kyeremateng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghana Health Service, Central Regional Office, Cape Coast, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghana Health Service, Central Regional Office, Cape Coast, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077157120"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"],"apc_list":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89336623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"6","first_page":"1468","last_page":"1485"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.6455000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.6455000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13957","display_name":"Corporate Governance and Financial Management","score":0.3082999885082245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"corporate governance","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-financial-performance","display_name":"hospital financial performance","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-directors","display_name":"independent directors","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/board-size","display_name":"board size","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceo-duality","display_name":"CEO duality","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-diversity","display_name":"gender diversity","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-on-assets","display_name":"return on assets","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-profit-margin","display_name":"net profit margin","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/board-of-directors","display_name":"board of directors","score":0.7160000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.7575562596321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.6926397085189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6434100270271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.5201290249824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189560676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187906","display_name":"Profit margin","level":2,"score":0.50627601146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.49863505363464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.4641384482383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185669311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163221","display_name":"Return on assets","level":3,"score":0.4560513496398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781027943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192907","display_name":"Financial statement","level":3,"score":0.4402845501899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98014903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832161","display_name":"Financial ratio","level":2,"score":0.4177154004573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.3452048897743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200870193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11691","display_name":"Stock exchange","level":2,"score":0.13428515195846558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11729753017425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.10196378827095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005377","descriptor_name":"Financial Management, Hospital","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006075","descriptor_name":"Governing Board","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009938","descriptor_name":"Organizations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016304","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Private","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/hpm.3049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107551278","display_name":"The International Journal of Health Planning and Management","issn_l":"0749-6753","issn":["0749-6753","1099-1751"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Health Planning and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32885883","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32885883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International journal of health planning and management","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G718299758","display_name":"\u751f\u7269\u533b\u836f\u4ea7\u4e1a\u96c6\u7fa4\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u5206\u79bb\u7f51\u7edc\u751f\u6210\u53ca\u5176\u6f14\u5316\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71371087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189649032","https://openalex.org/W619770387","https://openalex.org/W1489090290","https://openalex.org/W1538985157","https://openalex.org/W1555056300","https://openalex.org/W1557111711","https://openalex.org/W1564387447","https://openalex.org/W1646417292","https://openalex.org/W1866265687","https://openalex.org/W1917359419","https://openalex.org/W1970278180","https://openalex.org/W1981352167","https://openalex.org/W1991166568","https://openalex.org/W1997858498","https://openalex.org/W1999360561","https://openalex.org/W2003109324","https://openalex.org/W2011092799","https://openalex.org/W2033492709","https://openalex.org/W2034186566","https://openalex.org/W2039307314","https://openalex.org/W2043692761","https://openalex.org/W2056121260","https://openalex.org/W2080794625","https://openalex.org/W2087730640","https://openalex.org/W2088459924","https://openalex.org/W2092695541","https://openalex.org/W2093195950","https://openalex.org/W2094267012","https://openalex.org/W2115477138","https://openalex.org/W2115700878","https://openalex.org/W2115737125","https://openalex.org/W2129401700","https://openalex.org/W2139029467","https://openalex.org/W2150742985","https://openalex.org/W2161013965","https://openalex.org/W2184660566","https://openalex.org/W2185758472","https://openalex.org/W2335564694","https://openalex.org/W2341410801","https://openalex.org/W2409365872","https://openalex.org/W2599190778","https://openalex.org/W2604010566","https://openalex.org/W2796111324","https://openalex.org/W2953114247","https://openalex.org/W2992879751","https://openalex.org/W3121673640","https://openalex.org/W3122997046","https://openalex.org/W3124138848","https://openalex.org/W3141528439","https://openalex.org/W3147405326","https://openalex.org/W4235573407","https://openalex.org/W4243658723","https://openalex.org/W7060971777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402771736","https://openalex.org/W7029079363","https://openalex.org/W4409141970","https://openalex.org/W4414428302","https://openalex.org/W1539830022","https://openalex.org/W2332956020","https://openalex.org/W2026801009","https://openalex.org/W2087071478","https://openalex.org/W7125768034","https://openalex.org/W4292615169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"This":[1,165],"paper":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,38,66,91,100,203,210],"investigate":[5],"the":[6,13,27,32,53,56,59,86,94,102,122,131,135,170,194,215,232],"effects":[7],"of":[8,16,85,124,159,176,217,219,234],"corporate":[9,21],"governance":[10,113,229],"mechanisms":[11,230],"on":[12,46,105,144,146],"financial":[14,40,80,118,179,195,223,243],"performance":[15,163,196],"hospitals.":[17,71],"The":[18,43,72],"statement,":[19],"\"good":[20],"governance\"":[22],"has":[23,140],"been":[24],"incorporated":[25],"in":[26,52,128,212,237],"health":[28,207,235],"care":[29],"sector":[30],"over":[31],"last":[33],"decade,":[34],"as":[35],"an":[36,167],"element":[37],"improve":[39],"performance.":[41,119,180,227,244],"METHODS:":[42],"researchers":[44],"relied":[45],"both":[47,162],"primary":[48,57],"and":[49,63,82,117,148,152,186,209,225],"secondary":[50,73],"data":[51,68,74,95],"study.":[54],"For":[55],"data,":[58],"authors":[60],"used":[61,75],"structured":[62],"nonstructured":[64],"questionnaires":[65],"obtain":[67],"from":[69,77,89],"125":[70],"emanated":[76],"board":[78,111,218],"meetings,":[79],"statements":[81],"relevant":[83],"reports":[84],"selected":[87],"hospitals":[88],"2010":[90],"2017.":[92],"However,":[93,214],"was":[96],"then":[97],"sorted":[98],"out":[99],"get":[101],"required":[103],"information":[104],"Chief":[106],"Executive":[107],"Officer":[108],"(CEO)":[109],"presence,":[110],"relationship,":[112],"dynamics,":[114],"gender":[115],"diversity":[116],"RESULTS:":[120],"On":[121],"basis":[123],"empirical":[125],"evidence":[126],"provided":[127],"this":[129],"study,":[130],"results":[132],"show":[133],"that":[134,169,239],"Independent":[136],"Directors":[137],"(INDPDR)":[138],"variable":[139],"a":[141,154,190,205],"positive":[142],"effect":[143],"Return":[145],"Assets":[147],"Net":[149],"Profit":[150],"Margin":[151],"also":[153],"high":[155],"statistically":[156],"significant":[157],"value":[158],"0.000":[160],"for":[161],"measures.":[164,197],"is":[166,173],"indication":[168],"variable,":[171],"INDPDR,":[172],"highly":[174],"capable":[175],"improving":[177],"hospital":[178,200,222],"From":[181],"our":[182],"studies,":[183],"Board":[184],"Size":[185],"CEO":[187],"Duality":[188],"exhibited":[189],"negative":[191],"relationship":[192],"with":[193,242],"CONCLUSIONS:":[198],"Every":[199],"needs":[201],"money":[202],"maintain":[204],"standard":[206],"facility":[208],"sustain":[211],"operation.":[213],"inclusion":[216],"directors":[220],"improves":[221],"management":[224],"enhances":[226],"Corporate":[228],"influence":[231],"behavior":[233],"systems":[236],"ways":[238],"are":[240],"associated":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2020-09-11T00:00:00"}