{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083530269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","title":"Community pharmacist interventions to improve adherence to lipid lowering medication and their influence on clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","display_name":"Community pharmacist interventions to improve adherence to lipid lowering medication and their influence on clinical outcomes: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083530269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","mag":"3083530269","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32881191"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/jep.13451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2713501","display_name":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice","issn_l":"1356-1294","issn":["1356-1294","1365-2753"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074314638","display_name":"Ainhoa O\u00f1atibia\u2010Astibia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1726-6943","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1726-6943"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ainhoa O\u00f1atibia\u2010Astibia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1726-6943","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056295491","display_name":"Amaia Malet\u2010Larrea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-6249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-6249","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5179-6156"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amaia Malet\u2010Larrea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068942107","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel Gastelurrutia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-0234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-0234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel \u00c1ngel Gastelurrutia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Bego\u00f1a Calvo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bego\u00f1a Calvo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008840901","display_name":"Est\u00edbaliz Goyenechea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7990-5192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7990-5192"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Estibaliz Goyenechea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Official Pharmacist Association of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074314638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"],"apc_list":{"value":3800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4679803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"451","last_page":"463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.02590000070631504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-pharmacists","display_name":"community pharmacists","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacist-intervention","display_name":"pharmacist intervention","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-lowering-drugs","display_name":"lipid-lowering drugs","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperlipidemia","display_name":"hyperlipidemia","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholesterol-management","display_name":"cholesterol management","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medication-possession-ratio","display_name":"medication possession ratio","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adherence-questionnaires","display_name":"adherence questionnaires","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-outcomes","display_name":"clinical outcomes","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.86210036277771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6461035013198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5890858173370361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.5786181688308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5764369368553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779457091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105186","display_name":"Pharmacist","level":3,"score":0.5649731755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.5504697561264038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5232254862785339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.506899893283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.47824209928512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10446079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155491","display_name":"Clinical pharmacy","level":3,"score":0.4689713716506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.35739514231681824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.348069965839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.2021128237247467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.18298274278640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008055","descriptor_name":"Lipids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010595","descriptor_name":"Pharmacists","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055118","descriptor_name":"Medication Adherence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/jep.13451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.13451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2713501","display_name":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice","issn_l":"1356-1294","issn":["1356-1294","1365-2753"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32881191","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32881191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of evaluation in clinical practice","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W106293662","https://openalex.org/W583572480","https://openalex.org/W1651579527","https://openalex.org/W1845225129","https://openalex.org/W1966559919","https://openalex.org/W1967061926","https://openalex.org/W1978103312","https://openalex.org/W1990711138","https://openalex.org/W1996178346","https://openalex.org/W2004444024","https://openalex.org/W2051794682","https://openalex.org/W2058647728","https://openalex.org/W2067656376","https://openalex.org/W2076877198","https://openalex.org/W2079088406","https://openalex.org/W2084219024","https://openalex.org/W2084593964","https://openalex.org/W2105673189","https://openalex.org/W2106571085","https://openalex.org/W2109027044","https://openalex.org/W2110166542","https://openalex.org/W2111694736","https://openalex.org/W2134541351","https://openalex.org/W2145909170","https://openalex.org/W2156098321","https://openalex.org/W2156108549","https://openalex.org/W2157156054","https://openalex.org/W2163971466","https://openalex.org/W2170984426","https://openalex.org/W2267505788","https://openalex.org/W2277500744","https://openalex.org/W2326662527","https://openalex.org/W2331171772","https://openalex.org/W2344906617","https://openalex.org/W2527365061","https://openalex.org/W2554420738","https://openalex.org/W2557718132","https://openalex.org/W2582869300","https://openalex.org/W2620976644","https://openalex.org/W2809492364","https://openalex.org/W2935854549","https://openalex.org/W2937898739","https://openalex.org/W2970684805","https://openalex.org/W2972663572","https://openalex.org/W3142931177","https://openalex.org/W4302520672","https://openalex.org/W6601088538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205515127","https://openalex.org/W4321608589","https://openalex.org/W2809492364","https://openalex.org/W1990711138","https://openalex.org/W2345554390","https://openalex.org/W7196964746","https://openalex.org/W4410739902","https://openalex.org/W7217255953","https://openalex.org/W4220902325","https://openalex.org/W1651579527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Introduction":[1],"Non\u2010adherence":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,28],"major":[5],"problem":[6],"among":[7,198],"patients":[8],"with":[9,79,173],"chronic":[10],"diseases.":[11],"Community":[12],"pharmacists":[13,95],"are":[14],"ideally":[15],"positioned":[16],"to":[17,21,41,67,99,103,195,219],"detect":[18],"non\u2010adherence":[19],"and":[20,47,60,105],"provide":[22],"patient\u2010centred":[23],"interventions.":[24],"Objective":[25],"To":[26],"conduct":[27],"systematic":[29],"review":[30],"of":[31,34,62,83],"the":[32,80,119,130,134,144,192,199],"impact":[33],"community":[35,94],"pharmacist":[36],"interventions":[37],"on":[38,211],"patient":[39,101],"adherence":[40,102,140,165,170],"lipid":[42,215],"lowering":[43],"medication":[44],"(LLM)":[45],"prescriptions":[46],"clinical":[48,106,212],"outcomes.":[49],"Search":[50],"method":[51],"Five":[52,112],"databases":[53],"(MEDLINE,":[54],"Cochrane":[55,81],"Library,":[56],"Science":[57],"Direct,":[58],"Scopus,":[59],"Web":[61],"Knowledge)":[63],"were":[64,108,116,127,167,182,188],"searched":[65],"systematically":[66],"identify":[68],"relevant":[69],"reports":[70],"published":[71],"by":[72],"December":[73],"2019.":[74],"Study":[75],"quality":[76],"was":[77,171],"assessed":[78],"risk":[82],"bias":[84],"(RoB":[85],"2.0)":[86],"tool.":[87],"Selection":[88],"criteria":[89],"Controlled":[90],"trials":[91],"in":[92,118,129,133,143,191],"which":[93],"conducted":[96],"an":[97],"intervention":[98,135,203],"improve":[100,205],"LLM":[104,206],"outcomes":[107],"evaluated.":[109],"Main":[110],"results":[111],"studies":[113,123],"(2408":[114],"participants)":[115],"included":[117,190],"qualitative":[120],"analysis.":[121],"Four":[122],"(n":[124],"=":[125,151,162],"2266)":[126],"pooled":[128],"meta\u2010analysis.":[131],"Participants":[132],"group":[136,146],"(IG)":[137],"had":[138],"better":[139],"than":[141,176],"those":[142],"control":[145],"(CG)":[147],"[odds":[148],"ratio":[149,179],"(OR)":[150],"1.67;":[152],"95%":[153],"confidence":[154],"interval":[155],"(CI)":[156],"1.38\u20102.02;":[157],"P":[158],"<":[159],"0.001;":[160],"I2":[161],"54%].":[163],"Better":[164],"rates":[166],"obtained":[168],"when":[169,177],"measured":[172],"validated":[174],"questionnaires":[175],"medication\u2010possession":[178],"(MPR)":[180],"measurements":[181],"used.":[183],"Total":[184],"cholesterol":[185],"(TC)":[186],"levels":[187],"not":[189],"meta\u2010analysis":[193],"due":[194],"data":[196],"variability":[197],"studies.":[200],"Conclusions":[201],"Pharmacist\u2010led":[202],"can":[204],"adherence,":[207],"but":[208],"its":[209],"influence":[210],"outcomes,":[213],"including":[214],"level":[216],"control,":[217],"remains":[218],"be":[220],"clarified.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-09-11T00:00:00"}
