{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3083370083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","title":"Comparison of Selected Costs in Greenhouse Cucumber Production with LED and HPS Supplemental Assimilation Lighting","display_name":"Comparison of Selected Costs in Greenhouse Cucumber Production with LED and HPS Supplemental Assimilation Lighting","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3083370083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","mag":"3083370083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy10091342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1599465269","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1599465269","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005011734","display_name":"Katarzyna Kowalczyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-7331","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-7331"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katarzyna Kowalczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026209912","display_name":"Dawid Olewnicki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3096-3882","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3096-3882"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawid Olewnicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Horticultural Economics, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Horticultural Economics, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082306240","display_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Mirgos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-7771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-7771"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ma\u0142gorzata Mirgos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044796943","display_name":"Janina Gajc\u2010Wolska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-5575","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-5575"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janina Gajc-Wolska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082306240"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1690},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1690},"fwci":3.3199,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91633318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"9","first_page":"1342","last_page":"1342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11268","display_name":"Light effects on plants","score":0.05849999934434891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13691","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Agriculture Analysis","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-cucumber","display_name":"greenhouse cucumber","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplementary-lighting","display_name":"supplemental lighting","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/led-lighting","display_name":"LED lighting","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-pressure-sodium-lamps","display_name":"high-pressure sodium lamps","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetically-active-radiation","display_name":"photosynthetically active radiation","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-costs","display_name":"variable costs","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-margin","display_name":"gross margin","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-use-efficiency","display_name":"light use efficiency","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/top-lighting","display_name":"top lighting","score":0.6600000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87946410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743231","display_name":"Sodium-vapor lamp","level":2,"score":0.8012651205062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101271287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553201","display_name":"LED lamp","level":2,"score":0.7963566780090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32198211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165044","display_name":"Greenhouse","level":2,"score":0.6276015639305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6246166825294495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.6093972325325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131366478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900892","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","level":3,"score":0.5605296492576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992067456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210064","display_name":"Artificial light","level":3,"score":0.5228174924850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3795708417892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.23390504717826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19174635410308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15208891034126282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.12779656052589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.11184081435203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09121015667915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36365805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194411","display_name":"Illuminance","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy10091342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1599465269","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aab1f840bca9453eb20cfc2752f57b0c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aab1f840bca9453eb20cfc2752f57b0c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 1342 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy10091342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1599465269","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.7811999917030334,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083370083.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3083370083.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W994696565","https://openalex.org/W1555316282","https://openalex.org/W1589342588","https://openalex.org/W1921048728","https://openalex.org/W1979077470","https://openalex.org/W1989254529","https://openalex.org/W2014948618","https://openalex.org/W2042044583","https://openalex.org/W2133269736","https://openalex.org/W2159617347","https://openalex.org/W2403889334","https://openalex.org/W2418818702","https://openalex.org/W2564196375","https://openalex.org/W2589566982","https://openalex.org/W2731395594","https://openalex.org/W2741850261","https://openalex.org/W2754439746","https://openalex.org/W2786822793","https://openalex.org/W2791573870","https://openalex.org/W2805836677","https://openalex.org/W2898131059","https://openalex.org/W2901558119","https://openalex.org/W2913066349","https://openalex.org/W2955318873","https://openalex.org/W3000885048","https://openalex.org/W3013613785","https://openalex.org/W3015615438","https://openalex.org/W3042008963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2750102806","https://openalex.org/W3155840852","https://openalex.org/W2106311453","https://openalex.org/W2731395594","https://openalex.org/W3202713948","https://openalex.org/W4296693139","https://openalex.org/W7067681678","https://openalex.org/W3146222173","https://openalex.org/W4406308232","https://openalex.org/W3027619653"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,89,129,177,187],"amount":[1],"of":[2,60,72,82,91,99,121,127,189,197,215,231,239,249,255,300,309],"energy":[3],"used":[4],"in":[5,18,33,57,79,118,181,203,210,219,252,268,294,305,321,329],"agricultural":[6],"production,":[7],"processing":[8],"and":[9,74,111,163,166,173,207,212,224,302],"distribution":[10],"is":[11,45,289,315],"constantly":[12],"increasing.":[13],"During":[14],"the":[15,19,23,47,58,70,80,92,97,115,119,142,190,195,201,204,208,213,220,227,233,237,245,258,271,295,298,306,312,322,326],"winter":[16,184],"months":[17],"greenhouse":[20,87,137,330],"production":[21,30,109,240,259,310],"industry,":[22],"supplemental":[24,216,256],"lighting":[25,218,301],"required":[26],"to":[27,66,95,241,270],"keep":[28],"up":[29],"levels":[31],"results":[32,188],"high":[34],"expenditure.":[35],"Current":[36],"technology":[37],"uses":[38],"broadband":[39],"high-pressure":[40],"sodium":[41,158],"(HPS)":[42],"lamps,":[43],"which":[44,274],"not":[46],"most":[48,228,327],"efficient":[49,76],"light":[50,61,77,105,198],"source":[51,62],"for":[52,69,86,106],"crop":[53,185],"production.":[54,331],"Recent":[55],"breakthroughs":[56],"development":[59],"technologies":[63],"have":[64],"led":[65],"new":[67],"opportunities":[68],"use":[71,199,214],"sustainable":[73],"highly":[75],"sources":[78],"form":[81],"LEDs":[83],"(light-emitting":[84],"diodes)":[85],"lighting.":[88,128],"aim":[90],"study":[93],"was":[94,131,179,200,261,282,311],"evaluate":[96],"efficiency":[98,196],"using":[100,123,134,148],"photosynthetically":[101],"active":[102],"radiation":[103],"(PAR)":[104],"cucumber":[107],"yielding,":[108],"processes":[110],"its":[112],"influence":[113],"on":[114],"variable":[116,234,250],"costs":[117,235,251,304],"cultivation":[120],"cucumbers":[122],"three":[124,135,149],"different":[125],"types":[126],"research":[130,178,191],"carried":[132],"out":[133,292],"individual":[136],"growing":[138],"area":[139],"compartments,":[140],"whereby":[141],"plants":[143],"contained":[144],"within":[145],"were":[146],"lit":[147],"combinations:":[150],"1.":[151],"HPS":[152,157,272],"standard":[153],"illumination":[154],"from":[155],"top":[156],"lamps\u2014control,":[159],"2.":[160],"HPS-LED\u2014HPS":[161],"toplighting":[162,172],"LED":[164,169],"interlighting,":[165],"3.":[167],"LED-LED\u2014100%":[168],"lighting,":[170,257],"both":[171],"interlighting":[174],"with":[175],"LED.":[176],"conducted":[180,192],"two":[182],"independent":[183],"cycles.":[186],"indicate":[193],"that":[194,281],"highest":[202,246],"LED-LED":[205,221],"combination":[206,222,318],"lowest":[209],"HPS,":[211],"lamp":[217],"(interlighting":[223],"toplighting)":[225],"gives":[226],"favorable":[229],"surplus":[230],"all":[232],"over":[236],"value":[238,260,308],"be":[242],"obtained.":[243],"Despite":[244],"absolute":[247],"level":[248],"this":[253],"type":[254],"higher":[262,283],"by":[263,284],"as":[264,266,324],"much":[265],"32.55%":[267],"relation":[269],"combination,":[273,297],"also":[275,316],"translated":[276],"into":[277],"a":[278,317],"gross":[279],"margin":[280],"about":[285],"\u00be.":[286],"However,":[287],"it":[288],"worth":[290],"pointing":[291],"that,":[293],"HPS-LED":[296],"share":[299],"heating":[303],"total":[307],"lowest.":[313],"It":[314],"currently":[319],"recommended":[320],"literature":[323],"being":[325],"beneficial":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2020-09-11T00:00:00"}
