{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082385403","doi":null,"title":"Machine Translation Quality: A comparative evaluation of SMT, NMT and tailored-NMT outputs.","display_name":"Machine Translation Quality: A comparative evaluation of SMT, NMT and tailored-NMT outputs.","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082385403","mag":"3082385403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:3082385403","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.eamt-1.47.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087354890","display_name":"Maria Stasimioti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-4676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-4676"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Stasimioti","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-4676","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013301297","display_name":"Vilelmini Sosoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-4651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-4651"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vilelmini Sosoni","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-4651","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002938093","display_name":"Katia Lida Kermanidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-5078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-5078"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katia Lida Kermanidis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-5078","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057485934","display_name":"Despoina Mouratidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-5488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-5488"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Despoina Mouratidis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2844-5488","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1673,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49296315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"441","last_page":"450"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10759","display_name":"Translation Studies and Practices","score":0.055399999022483826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation-quality","display_name":"machine translation quality","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-machine-translation","display_name":"statistical machine translation","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-machine-translation","display_name":"neural machine translation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-greek-translation","display_name":"English-Greek translation","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-editing-effort","display_name":"post-editing effort","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-error-analysis","display_name":"human error analysis","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-evaluation-of-machine-translation","display_name":"human evaluation of machine translation","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-evaluation-metrics","display_name":"automatic evaluation metrics","score":0.6299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.8565986156463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7762184739112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276013","display_name":"Fluency","level":2,"score":0.6673541069030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.6573551893234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5616677403450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135784402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6958279","display_name":"Evaluation of machine translation","level":5,"score":0.5576879382133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5350692272186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5049338936805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4976225197315216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4445197880268097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.20418083667755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.20327207446098328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08978348970413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:3082385403","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.eamt-1.47.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652095014","https://openalex.org/W1482114536","https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W2039941456","https://openalex.org/W2041578073","https://openalex.org/W2058941677","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2133512280","https://openalex.org/W2149327368","https://openalex.org/W2151639432","https://openalex.org/W2158762489","https://openalex.org/W2233624460","https://openalex.org/W2250390011","https://openalex.org/W2252272516","https://openalex.org/W2254647020","https://openalex.org/W2573119710","https://openalex.org/W2574872930","https://openalex.org/W2575670578","https://openalex.org/W2585817158","https://openalex.org/W2613182871","https://openalex.org/W2622101571","https://openalex.org/W2624054409","https://openalex.org/W2624521690","https://openalex.org/W2739702162","https://openalex.org/W2786379687","https://openalex.org/W2787568264","https://openalex.org/W2800547495","https://openalex.org/W2801219566","https://openalex.org/W2884381860","https://openalex.org/W2885875361","https://openalex.org/W2921792084","https://openalex.org/W2922374366","https://openalex.org/W2947917023","https://openalex.org/W2962015539","https://openalex.org/W2962867687","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W2989351017","https://openalex.org/W2990147021","https://openalex.org/W2990518643","https://openalex.org/W3104132024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2974869893","https://openalex.org/W4206396681","https://openalex.org/W2772882909","https://openalex.org/W6964768308","https://openalex.org/W7037046874","https://openalex.org/W2912490481","https://openalex.org/W4313238643","https://openalex.org/W2973065121","https://openalex.org/W2738440736","https://openalex.org/W2910939610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32,70],"present":[1],"study":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,28],"compare":[5],"three":[6],"systems:":[7],"a":[8,14,21,38,73],"generic":[9,15,79,102],"statistical":[10],"machine":[11,17],"translation":[12,18],"(SMT),":[13],"neural":[16],"(NMT)":[19],"and":[20,50,60,81,89],"tailored-NMT":[22,83,95],"system":[23],"focusing":[24],"on":[25],"the":[26,78,82,94,101],"English":[27],"Greek":[29],"language":[30],"pair.":[31],"comparison":[33],"is":[34],"carried":[35],"out":[36],"following":[37],"mixed-methods":[39],"approach,":[40],"i.e.":[41],"automatic":[42,87],"metrics,":[43,92],"as":[44,46,85],"well":[45],"side-by-side":[47],"ranking,":[48],"adequacy":[49],"fluency":[51],"rating,":[52],"measurement":[53],"of":[54],"actual":[55],"post":[56],"editing":[57],"(PE)":[58],"effort":[59],"human":[61,90],"error":[62],"analysis":[63],"performed":[64],"by":[65],"16":[66],"postgraduate":[67],"Translation":[68],"students.":[69],"findings":[71],"reveal":[72],"higher":[74],"score":[75],"for":[76],"both":[77],"NMT":[80,103],"outputs":[84],"regards":[86],"metrics":[88],"evaluation":[91],"with":[93],"output":[96],"faring":[97],"even":[98],"better":[99],"than":[100],"output.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-09-08T00:00:00"}