{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3080482452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","title":"Symptoms of fecal incontinence two decades after no, one, or two obstetrical anal sphincter injuries","display_name":"Symptoms of fecal incontinence two decades after no, one, or two obstetrical anal sphincter injuries","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3080482452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","mag":"3080482452","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32835724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122347013","display_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0002-9378","issn":["0002-9378","1085-8709","1097-6868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004020152","display_name":"Ida E. K. Nilsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0528-1107","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0528-1107"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107627","display_name":"S\u00f6dra \u00c4lvsborg Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01qas6g18","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ida E.K. Nilsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627","https://openalex.org/I881427289"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077892051","display_name":"Sigvard \u00c5kervall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sigvard \u00c5kervall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109863669","display_name":"Mattias Molin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6171-9182","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6171-9182"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattias Molin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Statistical Consultancy Group, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Statistical Consultancy Group, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012746552","display_name":"Ian Milsom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-5509","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-5509"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112325","display_name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112325"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Milsom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden","Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden","Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112325","https://openalex.org/I881427289"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112325"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060382225","display_name":"Maria Gyhagen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-8644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-8644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107627","display_name":"S\u00f6dra \u00c4lvsborg Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01qas6g18","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Gyhagen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden. Electronic address: maria.gyhagen@vgregion.se","Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-8644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden. Electronic address: maria.gyhagen@vgregion.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627","https://openalex.org/I881427289"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern \u00c4lvsborg Hospital, Bor\u00e5s, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gothenburg Continence Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060382225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107627","https://openalex.org/I881427289"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"fwci":6.0514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97149257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"224","issue":"3","first_page":"276.e1","last_page":"276.e23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10418","display_name":"Pelvic floor disorders treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10418","display_name":"Pelvic floor disorders treatments","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10453","display_name":"Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12715","display_name":"Pregnancy-related medical research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2729","display_name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecal-incontinence","display_name":"fecal incontinence","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstetric-anal-sphincter-injury","display_name":"obstetric anal sphincter injury","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perineal-tears","display_name":"perineal tears","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaginal-delivery","display_name":"vaginal delivery","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-outcomes","display_name":"long-term outcomes","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecal-continence","display_name":"fecal continence","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-risk","display_name":"age-related risk","score":0.5389999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9333713054656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746416","display_name":"Sphincter","level":2,"score":0.6811827421188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776813522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147182","display_name":"Fecal incontinence","level":2,"score":0.6774229407310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993285706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4751007","display_name":"Anal sphincter","level":2,"score":0.5557796955108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5334364175796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778408130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6679974","display_name":"Vaginal delivery","level":3,"score":0.514125645160675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.4806441366672516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777362633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137446","display_name":"Episiotomy","level":3,"score":0.47092002630233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4321708083152771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29456083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1221899","display_name":"Gynecology","level":1,"score":0.3792771100997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.34318435192108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.23253202438354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10554581880569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001003","descriptor_name":"Anal Canal","qualifier_ui":"Q000293","qualifier_name":"injuries","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005242","descriptor_name":"Fecal Incontinence","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005242","descriptor_name":"Fecal Incontinence","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005242","descriptor_name":"Fecal Incontinence","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022125","descriptor_name":"Lacerations","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022125","descriptor_name":"Lacerations","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D036861","descriptor_name":"Delivery, Obstetric","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057566","descriptor_name":"Self Report","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063189","descriptor_name":"Symptom Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122347013","display_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0002-9378","issn":["0002-9378","1085-8709","1097-6868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32835724","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32835724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122347013","display_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","issn_l":"0002-9378","issn":["0002-9378","1085-8709","1097-6868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309605","display_name":"V\u00e4stra G\u00f6talandsregionen","ror":"https://ror.org/00a4x6777"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322124","display_name":"Stiftelsen Handlanden Hjalmar Svenssons","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323368","display_name":"G\u00f6teborgs L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskap","ror":"https://ror.org/02mmcvz81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325968","display_name":"Alice Swenzons Stiftelse f\u00f6r Vetenskaplig Forskning","ror":"https://ror.org/0289jv667"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335047","display_name":"Sahlgrenska Akademin","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179591318","https://openalex.org/W188898189","https://openalex.org/W1918135923","https://openalex.org/W1964743905","https://openalex.org/W1971306574","https://openalex.org/W1973533031","https://openalex.org/W1979889668","https://openalex.org/W1980298984","https://openalex.org/W1989341824","https://openalex.org/W1991089667","https://openalex.org/W1997698308","https://openalex.org/W2001177327","https://openalex.org/W2006823693","https://openalex.org/W2007162242","https://openalex.org/W2009048181","https://openalex.org/W2016686619","https://openalex.org/W2030243599","https://openalex.org/W2037706235","https://openalex.org/W2054730855","https://openalex.org/W2065574247","https://openalex.org/W2067285295","https://openalex.org/W2071544011","https://openalex.org/W2085998025","https://openalex.org/W2097962014","https://openalex.org/W2101660033","https://openalex.org/W2103460095","https://openalex.org/W2117300470","https://openalex.org/W2124501856","https://openalex.org/W2141761576","https://openalex.org/W2155715307","https://openalex.org/W2204404364","https://openalex.org/W2212299221","https://openalex.org/W2254655543","https://openalex.org/W2297122204","https://openalex.org/W2332840599","https://openalex.org/W2336418520","https://openalex.org/W2466720891","https://openalex.org/W2512674957","https://openalex.org/W2588778103","https://openalex.org/W2607485258","https://openalex.org/W2754314876","https://openalex.org/W3020862229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311256051","https://openalex.org/W2588778103","https://openalex.org/W7161560891","https://openalex.org/W2771025680","https://openalex.org/W2007162242","https://openalex.org/W2254655543","https://openalex.org/W2016686619","https://openalex.org/W2142367226","https://openalex.org/W2046946777","https://openalex.org/W2020719053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,121,144,226,245,266,293,342,451,470,500,521],"long-term":[2,552],"effects":[3],"of":[4,34,109,118,148,185,214,224,241,261,268,279,296,344,393,402,410,426,438,448,453,460,473,483,493,523,559,577,582],"1":[5,157,189,204,320,375,418,465,545],"or":[6,190,216,376,419,466,546],"2":[7,49,78,164,169,191,243,337,377,420,467,516,547],"consecutive":[8,192],"obstetrical":[9,358,378],"anal":[10,359,379],"sphincter":[11,55,132,153,158,165,172,193,269,282,302,321,338,360,380,388,421,468,509,527,548,566],"injuries":[12,173,303,339,517,549],"on":[13],"bowel":[14,37,555],"continence":[15],"are":[16],"still":[17],"inadequately":[18],"investigated,":[19],"and":[20,53,65,86,92,100,139,160,197,220,230,276,323,352,368,432,443,486,488,495,498,561,568],"published":[21],"results":[22,240],"remain":[23],"contradictory.":[24],"OBJECTIVE:":[25],"This":[26],"study":[27,145],"aimed":[28],"to":[29,67,84,136,176,237,308,327,362,405,441,511,586],"present":[30],"detailed":[31],"descriptive":[32],"measures":[33],"the":[35,42,95,231,239,242,250,257,277,390,400,408,423,436,446,481,489,530,538,541,569,575,580],"current":[36,74,211],"incontinence":[38,207,263,298,349,395,428,455,479,584],"20":[39],"years":[40,178,404,440,459],"after":[41,336,356,374,457],"first":[43,272,542],"birth":[44],"in":[45,103,126,299,317,415,462,475,506,513],"women":[46,111,128,150,162,186,300,345,386,416,463,476,514],"who":[47],"had":[48],"vaginal":[50,80],"deliveries":[51,170],"with":[52,77,129,151,156,163,168,183,219,319,346,417,464,477,515,537,564],"without":[54,171,221,301,387,508],"injuries.":[56,166,194,469],"STUDY":[57],"DESIGN:":[58],"Birth":[59,98],"register":[60],"data":[61],"were":[62,90,142,181,201,235,480],"used":[63,236],"prospectively":[64],"linked":[66],"information":[68],"from":[69,82,114,134,354,397,430,504],"a":[70,115,130,280,525],"questionnaire":[71],"survey":[72],"about":[73],"symptoms.":[75],"Women":[76,167],"singleton":[79],"births,":[81],"1992":[83],"1998,":[85],"no":[87,152,357],"further":[88],"births":[89],"retrieved":[91],"surveyed":[93],"by":[94],"Swedish":[96],"Medical":[97],"Register":[99],"Statistics":[101],"Sweden":[102],"2015.":[104],"A":[105],"simple":[106],"random":[107],"sample":[108],"11,000":[110],"was":[112,124,208,247,274,284,304,533,571],"drawn":[113],"source":[116],"cohort":[117],"64,687":[119],"women.":[120],"cumulative":[122],"effect":[123,570],"studied":[125],"all":[127],"repeat":[131,281,526],"injury":[133,270,283,322,361,510,528],"1987":[135],"2000.":[137],"Postal":[138],"web-based":[140],"questionnaires":[141],"used.":[143],"population":[146],"consisted":[147],"6760":[149],"injury,":[154,159,567],"357":[155],"324":[161],"aged":[174],"40":[175,403,439],"60":[177,411,449],"as":[179,203,210],"reference,":[180],"compared":[182,536],"those":[184,318,507],"that":[187],"sustained":[188],"Here,":[195],"third-":[196],"fourth-degree":[198],"perineal":[199],"tears":[200],"presented":[202],"group.":[205],"Fecal":[206],"defined":[209],"involuntary":[212],"leakage":[213,223,474,558],"solid":[215,494],"liquid":[217,484,496],"stool,":[218],"concomitant":[222],"gas.":[225,499],"Fisher":[227],"exact":[228],"test":[229,234],"Mann-Whitney":[232],"U":[233],"compare":[238],"groups.":[244],"trend":[246],"analyzed":[248],"using":[249],"Mantel-Haenszel":[251],"statistics.":[252],"Logistic":[253],"regression":[254],"models":[255],"obtained":[256],"estimated":[258,391,424],"age-related":[259],"probability":[260,392,425],"fecal":[262,297,348,394,427,454,478,583],"components.":[264],"RESULTS:":[265],"risk":[267,278,522,539],"at":[271,399,407,435,445,529,540],"delivery":[273,532],"3.9%,":[275],"10.0%":[285],"(odds":[286,310,329],"ratio,":[287,311,330],"2.70;":[288],"95%":[289,313,332],"confidence":[290,314,333,365,371],"interval,":[291,315,334,366,372],"1.80-4.07).":[292],"overall":[294],"prevalence":[295,452,581],"11.7%,":[305],"which":[306],"doubled":[307],"23.8%":[309],"2.27;":[312],"1.75-2.94)":[316],"more":[324],"than":[325],"tripled":[326,535],"36.1%":[328],"3.97;":[331],"3.11-5.07)":[335],"(trend":[340,383,518],"P<.0001).":[341,384],"proportion":[343],"severe":[347,551],"increased":[350,396,429,456,503,563],"3-fold":[351],"5-fold":[353],"1.8%":[355],"5.4%":[363],"(95%":[364,370],"3.3-8.2)":[367],"9.0%":[369],"6.1-12.6)":[373],"injuries,":[381,389,422],"respectively":[382],"In":[385,413],"7.0%":[398],"age":[401,409,437,447,461,576],"19.8%":[406],"years.":[412,450],"contrast,":[414],"26.1%":[431],"33.3%,":[433],"respectively,":[434],"36.8%":[442],"48.8%":[444],"52":[458,578],"dominant":[471],"types":[472],"combination":[482,491,502],"stool":[485,560],"gas,":[487],"triple":[490,501],"consisting":[492],"stools":[497],"18.9%":[505],"28.2%":[512],"P=.0204).":[519],"CONCLUSION:":[520],"sustaining":[524],"second":[531],"almost":[534],"delivery.":[543],"Furthermore,":[544],"brought":[550],"consequences":[553],"for":[554],"continence.":[556],"Accidental":[557],"gas":[562],"each":[565],"proportionally":[572],"cumulative.":[573],"After":[574],"years,":[579],"seemed":[585],"accelerate.":[587]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2020-09-01T00:00:00"}
