{"id":"https://openalex.org/W307364510","doi":null,"title":"LEVEL OF NITRATE AND NITRITE CONTENTS IN DRINKING WATER OF SELECTED SAMPLES RECEIVED AT AFPGMI, RAWALPINDI","display_name":"LEVEL OF NITRATE AND NITRITE CONTENTS IN DRINKING WATER OF SELECTED SAMPLES RECEIVED AT AFPGMI, RAWALPINDI","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W307364510","mag":"307364510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pjp.pps.org.pk:article/585","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585","pdf_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585/268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306521919","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Physiology","issn_l":"1819-270X","issn":["1819-270X","2073-1183"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405266671","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1819-270X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585/268","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079364076","display_name":"Syed Sabahat Kazmi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Sabahat Kazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Water Quality Control Laboratory, Armed Forces Post Graduate Medical Institute, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Water Quality Control Laboratory, Armed Forces Post Graduate Medical Institute, Rawalpindi, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076303661","display_name":"Saadat Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-4068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-4068","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2863-6190"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saadat Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology AFPGMI, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6494-4068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology AFPGMI, Rawalpindi, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4567,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71009788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5005000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5005000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11493","display_name":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","score":0.30300000309944153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.12710000574588776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate","display_name":"nitrate","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrite","display_name":"nitrite","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drinking-water-quality","display_name":"drinking water quality","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-pollution","display_name":"nitrate contamination","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrosamines","display_name":"nitrosamines","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methemoglobinemia","display_name":"methemoglobinemia","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blue-baby-syndrome","display_name":"blue baby syndrome","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality-standards","display_name":"water quality standards","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rawalpindi","display_name":"Rawalpindi","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776179834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72158415","display_name":"Nitrite","level":3,"score":0.9384263753890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.9187432527542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5716844201087952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776695260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795843","display_name":"Maximum Contaminant Level","level":3,"score":0.43852806091308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4222603440284729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777737778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748442","display_name":"Methemoglobinemia","level":2,"score":0.42199116945266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.41905906796455383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.41537585854530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09292754530906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07231590151786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06932461261749268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pjp.pps.org.pk:article/585","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585","pdf_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585/268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306521919","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Physiology","issn_l":"1819-270X","issn":["1819-270X","2073-1183"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405266671","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1819-270X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.496.5252","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.496.5252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.pps.org.pk/PJP/1-1-2/sabahat.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:307364510","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://pps.org.pk/PJP/1-1-2/sabahat.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306521919","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Physiology","issn_l":"1819-270X","issn":["1819-270X","2073-1183"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405266671","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Pakistan Journal of Physiology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pjp.pps.org.pk:article/585","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585","pdf_url":"https://pjp.pps.org.pk/index.php/PJP/article/view/585/268","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306521919","display_name":"Pakistan Journal of Physiology","issn_l":"1819-270X","issn":["1819-270X","2073-1183"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405266671","host_organization_name":"Pakistan Physiological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266671"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1819-270X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.98089998960495,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W307364510.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W307364510.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273880631","https://openalex.org/W1960794181","https://openalex.org/W1974908725","https://openalex.org/W1978790601","https://openalex.org/W2008480256","https://openalex.org/W2026545210","https://openalex.org/W2030204898","https://openalex.org/W2049694246","https://openalex.org/W2068955185","https://openalex.org/W2074672298","https://openalex.org/W2095437220","https://openalex.org/W2100013295","https://openalex.org/W2113851460","https://openalex.org/W2133112199","https://openalex.org/W2144419575","https://openalex.org/W2154079317","https://openalex.org/W2155174937","https://openalex.org/W2157580380","https://openalex.org/W2160798795","https://openalex.org/W2422411600","https://openalex.org/W2460615851","https://openalex.org/W2487340950","https://openalex.org/W2917653206","https://openalex.org/W2992837852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183812019","https://openalex.org/W4255651897","https://openalex.org/W142780377","https://openalex.org/W4249368292","https://openalex.org/W1954797311","https://openalex.org/W4244747209","https://openalex.org/W2171111677","https://openalex.org/W1981921533","https://openalex.org/W4378228834","https://openalex.org/W178577252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contamination":[0],"of":[1,22,35,72,80,115,159,174],"drinking":[2,87,170],"water":[3,88,97,118,166],"by":[4],"nitrates":[5,162],"is":[6,56,178],"an":[7],"evolving":[8],"public":[9],"health":[10,153],"concern":[11],"since":[12],"nitrate":[13,61,81,109,127,141],"can":[14,24,43],"undergo":[15],"endogenous":[16],"reduction":[17],"to":[18,47,76,181,188],"nitrite":[19,83,111,129,143],"and":[20,63,66,82,110,122,128,137,142,163,185,190],"nitrosation":[21],"nitrites":[23,164],"form":[25],"Nnitroso":[26],"compounds,":[27],"which":[28],"are":[29],"potent":[30],"carcinogens.":[31],"The":[32,70],"carcinogenic":[33],"feature":[34],"N-nitroso":[36],"compounds":[37],"has":[38],"been":[39],"well":[40],"established.":[41],"Nitrites":[42],"lead":[44],"among":[45],"infants":[46],"the":[48,78,151,157,172],"disease":[49],"called":[50],"methemoglobinemia":[51],"(blue":[52],"baby":[53],"syndrome).":[54],"There":[55],"a":[57,179],"strong":[58],"relationship":[59],"between":[60],"concentration":[62],"recurrent":[64],"diarrhoea":[65],"also":[67],"other":[68],"illnesses.":[69],"aim":[71],"this":[73,92],"study":[74,93],"was":[75],"evaluate":[77,182],"level":[79],"contents":[84,130],"in":[85,131,165],"some":[86],"samples.":[89],"Methods:":[90],"In":[91],"we":[94],"analysed":[95],"162":[96,117],"samples":[98,125],"received":[99],"at":[100],"Water":[101],"Quality":[102],"Control":[103],"Laboratory,":[104],"AFPGMI,":[105],"Rawalpindi":[106],"for":[107,169],"their":[108,192],"contents.":[112],"Results:":[113],"Out":[114],"these":[116,183],"samples,":[119],"153":[120],"(94%)":[121],"133":[123],"(82%)":[124],"had":[126,140],"varying":[132],"concentrations,":[133],"while":[134],"64":[135],"(40%)":[136],"22":[138],"(14%)":[139],"concentrations":[144],"more":[145],"than":[146],"Pakistani":[147],"standards.":[148],"Conclusions:":[149],"Given":[150],"potential":[152],"risk":[154],"associated":[155],"with":[156],"presence":[158],"toxicants":[160],"like":[161],"sources":[167],"used":[168],"yet":[171],"scarcity":[173],"available":[175],"data,":[176],"there":[177],"need":[180],"waters":[184],"develop":[186],"strategies":[187],"reduce":[189],"prevent":[191],"contamination.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}