{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3051282007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","title":"Reliability of CPT measurements in sand \u2013 influence of spacing","display_name":"Reliability of CPT measurements in sand \u2013 influence of spacing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3051282007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","mag":"3051282007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170199316","display_name":"G\u00e9otechnique","issn_l":"0016-8505","issn":["0016-8505","1751-7656"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311678","host_organization_name":"ICE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311678"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"G\u00e9otechnique","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019848379","display_name":"Dina Al-Sammarraie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-6648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-6648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dina Al-Sammarraie","raw_affiliation_strings":["MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-6648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062573597","display_name":"Stefan Kreiter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1110-7765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1110-7765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Kreiter","raw_affiliation_strings":["MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063397863","display_name":"Max Oke Kluger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-8948","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-8948"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max O. Kluger","raw_affiliation_strings":["MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-8948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039957436","display_name":"Tobias M\u00f6rz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-7864","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-7864"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias M\u00f6rz","raw_affiliation_strings":["MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019848379"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3378,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86967394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"1","first_page":"48","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-penetration-test","display_name":"cone penetration test","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-disturbance","display_name":"soil disturbance","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-resistance","display_name":"cone resistance","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand","display_name":"sand","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-reliability","display_name":"measurement reliability","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-testing","display_name":"in situ testing","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medium-dense-sand","display_name":"medium dense sand","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121923324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681004","display_name":"Subsoil","level":3,"score":0.8038201928138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176071119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261042","display_name":"Cone penetration test","level":2,"score":0.7653252482414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.7543177604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161222754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270699","display_name":"Silt","level":2,"score":0.7024997472763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5394011735916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501923","display_name":"Penetration test","level":3,"score":0.5014228820800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.454633891582489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.4329814314842224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30014739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159445","display_name":"Cone (formal languages)","level":2,"score":0.41369643807411194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3001755177974701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.2904682159423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19885456562042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182377489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337829","display_name":"Subgrade","level":2,"score":0.1334952712059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12102162837982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.11492645740509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.19.p.247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170199316","display_name":"G\u00e9otechnique","issn_l":"0016-8505","issn":["0016-8505","1751-7656"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311678","host_organization_name":"ICE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311678"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ICE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"G\u00e9otechnique","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490287140","https://openalex.org/W1500081692","https://openalex.org/W1548149618","https://openalex.org/W1551896186","https://openalex.org/W1586251589","https://openalex.org/W1965750661","https://openalex.org/W1968851920","https://openalex.org/W1999388959","https://openalex.org/W1999981239","https://openalex.org/W2008789342","https://openalex.org/W2018476056","https://openalex.org/W2046193697","https://openalex.org/W2047082544","https://openalex.org/W2068104637","https://openalex.org/W2069311457","https://openalex.org/W2082044994","https://openalex.org/W2090155884","https://openalex.org/W2092029439","https://openalex.org/W2092262895","https://openalex.org/W2122186347","https://openalex.org/W2127370878","https://openalex.org/W2128540161","https://openalex.org/W2131404018","https://openalex.org/W2134278855","https://openalex.org/W2144164979","https://openalex.org/W2145185680","https://openalex.org/W2157875093","https://openalex.org/W2285681167","https://openalex.org/W2466956942","https://openalex.org/W4212767060","https://openalex.org/W4246039580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220904699","https://openalex.org/W4310127928","https://openalex.org/W2586802367","https://openalex.org/W2887490178","https://openalex.org/W2036380065","https://openalex.org/W1758859731","https://openalex.org/W3018785522","https://openalex.org/W2607937493","https://openalex.org/W2279206444","https://openalex.org/W1984789371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Geotechnical":[0],"methods,":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"cone":[4,14,130,158,169,172,186,200,209],"penetration":[5,9,15],"tests":[6,10,16],"(CPTs),":[7],"standard":[8],"(SPTs)":[11],"and":[12,54,72,96,122,192],"seismic":[13],"(sCPTs),":[17],"are":[18],"widely":[19],"used":[20,78],"to":[21,49,88,162],"characterise":[22],"the":[23,55,68,90,100,149,199,203],"in":[24,35,38,74,79,106,116,119,188,198],"situ":[25,36,75,107],"properties":[26],"of":[27,57,102,156,167,184,207],"soil.":[28],"In":[29,109],"studies":[30],"where":[31],"more":[32],"than":[33],"one":[34,73],"method":[37,76],"close":[39,80],"spacing":[40,92,124,155,166,182,206],"is":[41,44,70,77,83,132,174],"used,":[42],"it":[43],"important":[45],"for":[46,202],"geotechnical":[47],"engineers":[48],"balance":[50],"between":[51,93,160],"soil":[52,135],"heterogeneity":[53],"artefacts":[56],"disturbed":[58],"testing":[59,94],"zones.":[60],"The":[61,141,171],"same":[62],"applies":[63],"if":[64],"detailed":[65],"information":[66],"about":[67],"subsoil":[69],"required":[71],"spacing.":[81],"There":[82],"no":[84,97,196],"consensus":[85],"on":[86,99],"how":[87],"define":[89],"minimum":[91,204],"zones":[95],"study":[98],"effect":[101],"disturbance":[103,136],"caused":[104],"by":[105,134,146,176],"tests.":[108],"this":[110],"study,":[111],"33":[112],"CPTs":[113,142],"were":[114,143],"performed":[115,139,144],"natural":[117],"sediments":[118],"northern":[120],"Germany":[121],"a":[123,154,163,181],"threshold":[125,183],"was":[126],"defined":[127],"at":[128],"which":[129],"resistance":[131,173,201],"affected":[133,175],"from":[137],"previously":[138],"CPTs.":[140],"sequentially":[145],"successively":[147],"refining":[148],"grid":[150,165,205],"spacing,":[151],"starting":[152],"with":[153],"119":[157],"diameters":[159,187],"CPTs,":[161],"fine":[164],"seven":[168,208],"diameters.":[170,210],"previous":[177],"CPT":[178],"measurements":[179],"below":[180],"24":[185],"medium-dense":[189],"sands.":[190],"Silt":[191],"clay":[193],"layers":[194],"showed":[195],"reduction":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-21T07:43:02.447757","created_date":"2020-08-24T00:00:00"}
