{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048959396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","title":"Courts and Artificial Intelligence","display_name":"Courts and Artificial Intelligence","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048959396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","mag":"3048959396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36745/ijca.343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764729094","display_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","issn_l":"2156-7964","issn":["2156-7964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318591","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003319628","display_name":"A. D. Reiling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. D. (Dory) Reiling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hon. Dr. Dory Reiling LLM is a retired judge and an international court and IT expert"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hon. Dr. Dory Reiling LLM is a retired judge and an international court and IT expert","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003319628"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":98.7099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":219,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99955219,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-the-judiciary","display_name":"artificial intelligence in courts","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-administration","display_name":"judicial administration","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/court-work","display_name":"court work","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity-reduction","display_name":"complexity reduction","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-decision-making","display_name":"judicial decision-making","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/article-6-echr","display_name":"Article 6 ECHR","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-technology-in-courts","display_name":"information technology in courts","score":0.703000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.6440783739089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.6343597173690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6290906071662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.5678731799125671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5523185133934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779421777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16514399","display_name":"Administration of justice","level":2,"score":0.4876898527145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4342576861381531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.401019424200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3977828323841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3375888168811798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21003970503807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36745/ijca.343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764729094","display_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","issn_l":"2156-7964","issn":["2156-7964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318591","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3124748312","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3736411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36745/ijca.343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764729094","display_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","issn_l":"2156-7964","issn":["2156-7964"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318591","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal for Court Administration","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3136515562","https://openalex.org/W3135503133","https://openalex.org/W7146948781","https://openalex.org/W7125700907","https://openalex.org/W4376492723","https://openalex.org/W4403608904","https://openalex.org/W4416981744","https://openalex.org/W4415621471","https://openalex.org/W4388129165","https://openalex.org/W4401031014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,29,42,70,85,111,120,142,146,151],"use":[4,147],"of":[5,11,17,31,44,48,69,76,92,104,113,119,138,148,153],"artificial":[6,80],"intelligence":[7],"(AI)":[8],"in":[9,150],"courts":[10,20,105],"law.":[12],"AI":[13,26,93,149],"raises":[14],"any":[15],"number":[16],"questions":[18],"for":[19,28,87,98,131,145,162],"and":[21,33,59,106],"judges.":[22],"Importantly,":[23],"what":[24,34,127],"can":[25],"do":[27],"administration":[30,152],"justice,":[32],"does":[35,128],"that":[36,74],"require?":[37],"Complexity":[38],"reduction":[39],"is":[40,55,108],"at":[41],"heart":[43],"court":[45,53],"processes,":[46],"irrespective":[47],"subject":[49],"matter.":[50],"Not":[51],"all":[52,88],"work":[54,58,68,103],"complex":[56,66],"custom":[57],"routine":[60],"processes":[61],"have":[62],"different":[63,100],"requirements":[64],"from":[65],"customised":[67],"courts.":[71],"It":[72],"follows,":[73],"forms":[75],"information":[77,157],"technology,":[78],"including":[79,116],"intelligence,":[81],"are":[82],"also":[83],"not":[84],"same":[86],"cases.":[89],"Which":[90],"form":[91],"has":[94,140],"already":[95],"proven":[96],"itself":[97],"these":[99],"processes?":[101],"The":[102,136],"judges":[107],"governed":[109],"by":[110],"standards":[112],"proper":[114],"procedure,":[115],"Article":[117],"6":[118],"European":[121],"Convention":[122],"on":[123],"Human":[124],"Rights,":[125],"so":[126],"this":[129],"mean":[130],"those":[132],"working":[133],"with":[134],"AI?":[135,163],"Council":[137],"Europe":[139],"developed":[141],"Ethical":[143],"Principles":[144],"justice.":[154],"Can":[155],"legal":[156],"be":[158],"made":[159],"more":[160],"usable":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2020-08-18T00:00:00"}
