{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048844484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","title":"Drug Utilization in Critically Ill Adults with Augmented Renal Clearance Compared to Normal Renal Clearance: Implications for use of Antimicrobials with Predominant Renal Excretion","display_name":"Drug Utilization in Critically Ill Adults with Augmented Renal Clearance Compared to Normal Renal Clearance: Implications for use of Antimicrobials with Predominant Renal Excretion","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048844484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","mag":"3048844484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32778038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165219199","display_name":"Current Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"1574-8847","issn":["1574-8847","2212-3938","2772-4328","2772-4336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020721733","display_name":"Kannan Sridharan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-6503","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-6503"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53218197","display_name":"Arabian Gulf University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gd4wn47","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53218197"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kannan Sridharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-6503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53218197"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058343443","display_name":"Sheikh Abdul Azeez Pasha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7217-2966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7217-2966"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799854810","display_name":"Salmaniya Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/04461gd92","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163255","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/057n8mx64","country_code":"BH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheikh A.A. Pasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077870505","display_name":"Ali Mohamed Qader","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-6345","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-6345"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53218197","display_name":"Arabian Gulf University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gd4wn47","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53218197"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali M. Qader","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53218197"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074581798","display_name":"Hasan MSN Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-4318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-4318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799854810","display_name":"Salmaniya Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/04461gd92","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163255","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/057n8mx64","country_code":"BH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan M.S.N. Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029159454","display_name":"Mohamed M. A. ElSeirafi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799854810","display_name":"Salmaniya Medical Complex","ror":"https://ror.org/04461gd92","country_code":"BH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163255","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/057n8mx64","country_code":"BH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. ElSeirafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adult Intensive Care Unit, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799854810","https://openalex.org/I4210163255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020721733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53218197"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54145383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"174","last_page":"181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11036","display_name":"Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10684","display_name":"Acute Kidney Injury Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-renal-clearance","display_name":"augmented renal clearance","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critically-ill-adults","display_name":"critically ill adults","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vancomycin","display_name":"vancomycin","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gentamicin","display_name":"gentamicin","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medication-use","display_name":"medication use","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-excretion","display_name":"renal excretion","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-dosing","display_name":"antimicrobial dosing","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trough-concentration","display_name":"trough concentration","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urinary-creatinine","display_name":"urinary creatinine","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creatinine-clearance","display_name":"creatinine clearance","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit","display_name":"intensive care unit","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-simulation","display_name":"Monte Carlo simulation","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8504151701927185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780306776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426660","display_name":"Creatinine","level":2,"score":0.652815043926239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778980435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424027","display_name":"Vancomycin","level":4,"score":0.6237218379974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.602443516254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31785415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846541","display_name":"Trough level","level":4,"score":0.5894071459770203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776376669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5094647","display_name":"Intensive care unit","level":2,"score":0.5317555665969849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775832221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422482","display_name":"Gentamicin","level":3,"score":0.5035731196403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.44147831201553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.42651915550231934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4156818091869354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.3499465584754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.09719949960708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909675724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411648","display_name":"Tacrolimus","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000890","descriptor_name":"Anti-Infective Agents","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014553","descriptor_name":"Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016638","descriptor_name":"Critical Illness","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065667","descriptor_name":"Renal Elimination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884715666200810095225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165219199","display_name":"Current Clinical Pharmacology","issn_l":"1574-8847","issn":["1574-8847","2212-3938","2772-4328","2772-4336"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32778038","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32778038","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416033418","https://openalex.org/W2786832455","https://openalex.org/W2163486584","https://openalex.org/W2163232559","https://openalex.org/W2056612376","https://openalex.org/W3043112403","https://openalex.org/W3092883838","https://openalex.org/W7132579715","https://openalex.org/W2153293092","https://openalex.org/W2179850291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Critically":[1],"ill":[2,74,250,271],"adults":[3,251,272],"have":[4,167,224,237,277],"Augmented":[5],"Renal":[6],"Clearance,":[7],"(ARC)":[8],"decreasing":[9],"the":[10,31,36,48,138,147,177,188,192,294],"systemic":[11,189],"circulation":[12],"of":[13,21,38,50,58,83,98,104,149,176,197,217,248,265,297],"drugs":[14,27],"with":[15,76,126,137,163,183,201,219,273,299],"predominant":[16,300],"renal":[17,84,301],"elimination.":[18,302],"The":[19,41],"phenomenon":[20],"ARC":[22,51,202,220,235,253,282],"is":[23],"crucial":[24],"for":[25,131,281,290],"antimicrobial":[26,39],"as":[28,286,288],"it":[29,238],"hinders":[30],"therapeutic":[32],"response":[33],"and":[34,100,106,158,184,229,254],"aids":[35],"development":[37],"resistance.":[40],"present":[42],"study":[43,69,148],"was":[44,65,116,129],"conducted":[45],"to":[46,166,223,241,260,278],"assess":[47],"impact":[49],"on":[52,87],"an":[53],"Intensive":[54],"Care":[55],"Unit":[56],"(ICU)":[57],"a":[59,66,164],"tertiary":[60],"care":[61],"hospital.":[62],"METHODS:":[63],"This":[64],"prospective":[67],"observational":[68],"carried":[70],"out":[71],"in":[72,146,155,174,199,293],"critically":[73,249,270],"patients":[75,143,182,200,218,256],"normal":[77,274],"serum":[78,133,194,275],"creatinine":[79,276,285],"without":[80,185,209,234],"any":[81,175],"history":[82],"disease.":[85],"Details":[86],"their":[88],"demographic":[89],"characteristics,":[90],"clinical":[91,107],"diagnoses,":[92],"laboratory":[93],"parameters":[94],"including":[95,187],"trough":[96,135,195,225,263],"levels":[97,136,196,226],"vancomycin":[99,134,198,266],"gentamicin,":[101],"ICU":[102],"length":[103],"stay,":[105],"outcomes":[108],"(discharged":[109],"alive/death)":[110],"were":[111,144,161,172,221],"obtained.":[112],"Creatinine":[113],"clearance":[114],"(Crcl)":[115],"estimated":[117],"from":[118,207],"24-hour":[119],"urine":[120,284],"creatinine.":[121],"Monte":[122,211],"Carlo":[123,212],"simulation":[124,213],"test":[125],"100000":[127],"iterations":[128],"used":[130],"predicting":[132],"observed":[139,162,173,193],"Crcl.":[140],"RESULTS:":[141],"Eighty":[142],"recruited":[145],"which":[150],"52.5%":[151],"had":[152],"ARC.":[153,168],"Patients":[154],"younger":[156],"age":[157],"body":[159],"weight":[160],"trend":[165],"No":[169],"significant":[170,246],"differences":[171],"drug":[178],"classes":[179],"prescribed":[180],"between":[181,227,239],"ARC,":[186,210],"antimicrobials.":[190],"Although":[191],"did":[203],"not":[204],"differ":[205],"significantly":[206],"those":[208,233],"predicted":[214],"that":[215],"90%":[216],"likely":[222,259],"5.63":[228],"7.85":[230],"mg/dl,":[231],"while":[232],"may":[236],"7.75":[240],"9.82":[242],"mg/dl.":[243],"CONCLUSION:":[244],"A":[245],"proportion":[247],"exhibit":[252],"such":[255],"are":[257],"more":[258],"achieve":[261],"lower":[262],"concentrations":[264],"than":[267],"recommended.":[268],"All":[269],"be":[279],"screened":[280],"using":[283],"soon":[287],"possible":[289],"appropriate":[291],"adjustment":[292],"dosage":[295],"regimen":[296],"antimicrobials":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-08-18T00:00:00"}
