{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048758759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","title":"A Process Mineralogical Evaluation of Chromite at the Nkomati Nickel Mine, Uitkomst Complex, South Africa","display_name":"A Process Mineralogical Evaluation of Chromite at the Nkomati Nickel Mine, Uitkomst Complex, South Africa","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048758759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","mag":"3048758759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/min10080709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062744605","display_name":"Thomas Dzvinamurungu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24027795","display_name":"University of Johannesburg","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6c2n17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Dzvinamurungu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087421778","display_name":"Derek Hugh Rose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2400-6736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2400-6736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24027795","display_name":"University of Johannesburg","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6c2n17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Derek Hugh Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2400-6736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036761042","display_name":"Fanus Viljoen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-6886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-6886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24027795","display_name":"University of Johannesburg","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6c2n17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karel Stephanus Viljoen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-6886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Kingsway Campus, Gauteng 2006, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037790216","display_name":"Antoine Floribert Mulaba-Bafubiandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-1622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-1622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24027795","display_name":"University of Johannesburg","ror":"https://ror.org/04z6c2n17","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Floribert Mulaba-Bafubiandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Metallurgy, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Gauteng 2028, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Metallurgy, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Gauteng 2028, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087421778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24027795"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1690},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1690},"fwci":0.247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48508991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"8","first_page":"709","last_page":"709"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12282","display_name":"Mineral Processing and Grinding","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11401","display_name":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromite","display_name":"chromite","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-mineralogy","display_name":"process mineralogy","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-liberation","display_name":"mineral liberation","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-separation","display_name":"gravity separation","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shaking-table","display_name":"shaking table","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flotation","display_name":"flotation","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ore-blending","display_name":"ore blending","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781150389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107172","display_name":"Chromite","level":2,"score":0.9758508801460266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44514898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2563681","display_name":"Gravity separation","level":2,"score":0.8146626949310303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638274","display_name":"Grind","level":3,"score":0.8130863904953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.5770054459571838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777335606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7130787","display_name":"Silicate","level":2,"score":0.5441750288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776432453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7946","display_name":"Mineral","level":2,"score":0.4668845236301422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.46659091114997864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.371722012758255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.33386605978012085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2354496717453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.18183481693267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777571299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3680646","display_name":"Grinding","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/min10080709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1d7c2018f07549a99a49be963178d117","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1d7c2018f07549a99a49be963178d117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Minerals, Vol 10, Iss 709, p 709 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/min10080709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/min10080709","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737336974","display_name":"Minerals","issn_l":"2075-163X","issn":["2075-163X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Minerals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W67394604","https://openalex.org/W564961377","https://openalex.org/W569724340","https://openalex.org/W1964034077","https://openalex.org/W1968044502","https://openalex.org/W1973052150","https://openalex.org/W1995996735","https://openalex.org/W2008728721","https://openalex.org/W2011771306","https://openalex.org/W2017424929","https://openalex.org/W2030005623","https://openalex.org/W2031832358","https://openalex.org/W2035660553","https://openalex.org/W2036004393","https://openalex.org/W2038130160","https://openalex.org/W2038194899","https://openalex.org/W2040452004","https://openalex.org/W2041328534","https://openalex.org/W2043858309","https://openalex.org/W2050273572","https://openalex.org/W2050760454","https://openalex.org/W2054100041","https://openalex.org/W2060929431","https://openalex.org/W2066990757","https://openalex.org/W2068062197","https://openalex.org/W2068935033","https://openalex.org/W2070938913","https://openalex.org/W2073650054","https://openalex.org/W2074340644","https://openalex.org/W2075150574","https://openalex.org/W2076126909","https://openalex.org/W2083591414","https://openalex.org/W2084756481","https://openalex.org/W2089381488","https://openalex.org/W2098991783","https://openalex.org/W2100411277","https://openalex.org/W2112915425","https://openalex.org/W2126964912","https://openalex.org/W2145916877","https://openalex.org/W2163781806","https://openalex.org/W2169984600","https://openalex.org/W2170552110","https://openalex.org/W2189351902","https://openalex.org/W2265223221","https://openalex.org/W2297705480","https://openalex.org/W2309720165","https://openalex.org/W2317672672","https://openalex.org/W2527295830","https://openalex.org/W2602407969","https://openalex.org/W2782576911","https://openalex.org/W2792807338","https://openalex.org/W2807794422","https://openalex.org/W2915852723","https://openalex.org/W2982475052","https://openalex.org/W3010399564","https://openalex.org/W3013201615","https://openalex.org/W3029702842","https://openalex.org/W3040588795","https://openalex.org/W6681564173","https://openalex.org/W6727559836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4280575094","https://openalex.org/W2589194628","https://openalex.org/W6966676381","https://openalex.org/W4404720644","https://openalex.org/W2787049225","https://openalex.org/W7047557334","https://openalex.org/W2026904635","https://openalex.org/W4327963432","https://openalex.org/W2804448600","https://openalex.org/W1995756145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"process":[1,228],"mineralogical":[2,84],"study":[3],"based":[4,130],"on":[5,23,131],"three":[6,101,230],"texturally":[7],"and":[8,58,97,121,167,190,218,256,266],"mineralogically":[9],"different":[10,80],"chromite-bearing":[11],"ore":[12,32,45,54,63,174,231],"types":[13,232],"at":[14,33,79,100,220,246],"the":[15,30,39,95,125,141,149,201,207,241,252,258],"Nkomati":[16,34,247,259],"nickel":[17,254],"mine":[18,261],"was":[19,86],"undertaken,":[20],"with":[21,46,206],"focus":[22],"chromite.":[24],"Chromite":[25],"is":[26,137,233,240,262],"a":[27,76,89,154,179,234],"by-product":[28],"of":[29,203,236],"Ni-Cu-Co-PGE":[31],"Nickel":[35,248,260],"mine.":[36,249],"These":[37,65],"being":[38],"PCMZ_MG":[40],"(medium-grade":[41],"Ni-Cu":[42,51],"sulphide":[43,52],"silicate":[44,53],"disseminated":[47,56,126],"chromite),":[48],"PCMZ_HG":[49],"(high-grade":[50],"containing":[55],"chromite)":[57],"MCHR":[59,150,173,204],"(massive":[60],"chromite":[61,119,142],"unit)":[62],"types.":[64],"were":[66],"processed":[67,98],"using":[68,75,88],"benchtop":[69],"flotation":[70],"followed":[71],"by":[72,140],"gravity":[73,133,158],"concentration":[74],"shaking":[77],"table":[78],"grind":[81,226,243],"sizes.":[82],"Quantitative":[83],"data":[85,109],"obtained":[87],"600F":[90],"Mineral":[91,106],"Liberation":[92,107],"Analyser":[93,108],"for":[94,124,200],"unprocessed":[96],"ores":[99,129,205,212],"selected":[102],"target":[103,225],"grinds.":[104,222],"The":[105,135,144,210,223],"indicated":[110],"that":[111,148,152,175],"increased":[112,118],"milling":[113],"does":[114],"not":[115,177],"relate":[116],"to":[117,165,170,188,195,227,251],"grades":[120,163,184,217],"recoveries,":[122],"particularly":[123],"PCMZ":[127,208,211],"type":[128],"laboratory-scale":[132],"concentration.":[134],"recovery":[136],"controlled":[138],"largely":[139],"chemistry.":[143],"results":[145],"also":[146,213],"showed":[147],"samples":[151],"underwent":[153],"pre-flotation":[155,180],"stage":[156],"before":[157],"separation":[159],"had":[160],"better":[161,215],"Cr2O3":[162,216],"(45%":[164],"47%)":[166],"recoveries":[168,191,219],"(52%":[169],"61%)":[171],"than":[172],"did":[176],"undergo":[178],"stage,":[181],"which":[182,239],"recorded":[183],"ranging":[185,192],"from":[186,193],"44%":[187],"46%":[189],"43%":[194],"60%.":[196],"This":[197],"holds":[198],"promise":[199],"blending":[202],"ores.":[209],"displayed":[214],"coarser":[221],"optimal":[224],"all":[229],"P80":[235],"75":[237],"\u03bcm,":[238],"current":[242],"size":[244],"employed":[245],"Due":[250],"low":[253],"price":[255],"grade":[257],"currently":[263],"under":[264],"care":[265],"maintenance.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-08-18T00:00:00"}