{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048438862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","title":"A Markov chain model of particle deposition in the lung","display_name":"A Markov chain model of particle deposition in the lung","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048438862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","mag":"3048438862","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32782272","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7419522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70171-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70171-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040380304","display_name":"Adam H. Sonnenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-4551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-4551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam H. Sonnenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","Department of Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-4551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064511632","display_name":"Jacob Herrmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-5592","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-5592"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Herrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-5592","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001975624","display_name":"Mark W. Grinstaff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-3668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-3668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark W. Grinstaff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-3668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045629242","display_name":"B\u00e9l\u00e2 Suki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-1006","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-1006"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B\u00e9la Suki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. bsuki@bu.edu","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-1006","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. bsuki@bu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045629242"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":{"value":1870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1870},"apc_paid":{"value":1870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1870},"fwci":1.5465,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85397571,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"13573","last_page":"13573"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12350","display_name":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-deposition","display_name":"particle deposition","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung","display_name":"lung","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain-model","display_name":"Markov chain model","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-tree","display_name":"tracheobronchial tree","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity","display_name":"gravity","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluid-drag","display_name":"fluid drag","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"diffusion","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-narrowing","display_name":"airway narrowing","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-orientation","display_name":"body orientation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/targeted-drug-delivery","display_name":"targeted drug delivery","score":0.6389999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.6405119895935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.55661940574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5538344979286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2961886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140496","display_name":"Particle deposition","level":3,"score":0.5424374938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64297162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1987070","display_name":"Deposition (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5416191220283508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776954882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840343","display_name":"Inhalation","level":2,"score":0.47354811429977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4362087547779083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.427349328994751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4111614525318146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.36089062690734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34966325759887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34000909328460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.33933356404304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3245846629142761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2742244005203247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23339226841926575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.1799384355545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16896754503250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12828391790390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.118694007396698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.09399938583374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006112","descriptor_name":"Gravitation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057446","descriptor_name":"Hydrodynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70171-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7419522","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7419522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:32782272","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32782272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70171-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70171-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5847349841","display_name":"A multi-scale computational model of the extracellular matrix of the lung","funder_award_id":"U01HL139466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6257958585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"USU HU0001810012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048438862.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3048438862.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W657174950","https://openalex.org/W1948434737","https://openalex.org/W1963750067","https://openalex.org/W1969598555","https://openalex.org/W1969761877","https://openalex.org/W1976170805","https://openalex.org/W1988976153","https://openalex.org/W1997574431","https://openalex.org/W2029629524","https://openalex.org/W2035115703","https://openalex.org/W2044050243","https://openalex.org/W2046656454","https://openalex.org/W2048522663","https://openalex.org/W2051995167","https://openalex.org/W2088308168","https://openalex.org/W2092621533","https://openalex.org/W2104041174","https://openalex.org/W2108175690","https://openalex.org/W2120699151","https://openalex.org/W2155703649","https://openalex.org/W2169582727","https://openalex.org/W2339386470","https://openalex.org/W2899438061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3041619473","https://openalex.org/W2080513051","https://openalex.org/W7167580299","https://openalex.org/W6922161150","https://openalex.org/W3040715659","https://openalex.org/W4403920841","https://openalex.org/W4226049708","https://openalex.org/W2755209950","https://openalex.org/W4375932812","https://openalex.org/W7166872997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Particle":[0],"deposition":[1,179],"in":[2,99],"the":[3,19,27,33,38,43,61,80,113,124,171,176,197,202],"lung":[4,28],"during":[5],"inhalation":[6,151,241],"is":[7,67],"of":[8,14,46,112,127,139,148,178,193,199,211,228],"interest":[9],"to":[10,18,23,26,55,95,184,216],"a":[11,68,87,101,136,166,208,217,225],"wide":[12],"range":[13],"biomedical":[15],"sciences":[16],"due":[17],"noninvasive":[20],"therapeutic":[21],"route":[22],"deliver":[24],"drugs":[25],"and":[29,109,161],"other":[30,185],"organs":[31],"via":[32],"blood":[34],"stream.":[35],"Before":[36],"reaching":[37],"alveoli,":[39],"particles":[40,200],"must":[41],"transverse":[42],"bifurcating":[44],"network":[45],"airways.":[47],"Computational":[48],"fluid":[49,119,132],"mechanical":[50],"studies":[51],"are":[52],"often":[53],"used":[54],"estimate":[56],"high-fidelity":[57],"flow":[58,154,173,187],"patterns":[59],"through":[60],"large":[62],"conducting":[63],"airways,":[64],"but":[65,224],"there":[66],"need":[69],"for":[70,243],"reduced-dimensional":[71],"modeling":[72],"that":[73,123],"enables":[74,145],"rapid":[75],"parameter":[76],"optimization":[77],"while":[78],"accommodating":[79],"complete":[81],"airway":[82,97,168,229],"network.":[83],"Here,":[84],"we":[85],"introduce":[86],"Markov":[88,114],"chain":[89],"model":[90,144,205,237],"with":[91,214],"each":[92,181],"state":[93],"corresponding":[94],"an":[96],"segment":[98],"which":[100],"particle":[102,141,158,163],"may":[103],"be":[104],"located.":[105],"The":[106,143,204],"local":[107,162],"flows":[108],"transition":[110],"probabilities":[111],"chain,":[115],"verified":[116],"against":[117],"computational":[118],"dynamics":[120],"simulations,":[121],"indicate":[122],"independent":[125],"effects":[126],"three":[128],"fundamental":[129],"forces":[130],"(gravity,":[131],"drag,":[133],"diffusion)":[134],"provide":[135],"sufficient":[137],"approximation":[138],"overall":[140],"behavior.":[142],"fast":[146],"computation":[147],"how":[149],"different":[150],"strategies,":[152],"called":[153],"policies,":[155],"determine":[156],"total":[157,221],"escape":[159,194,222],"rates":[160],"deposition.":[164,233],"In":[165,234],"3-dimensional":[167],"tree":[169],"model,":[170],"optimal":[172],"policy":[174],"minimizing":[175],"risk":[177],"at":[180],"generation,":[182],"compared":[183],"inlet":[186],"waveforms,":[188],"predicted":[189],"significantly":[190],"higher":[191],"probability":[192],"defined":[195],"as":[196],"fraction":[198],"exiting":[201],"tree.":[203],"also":[206],"predicts":[207],"small":[209],"influence":[210],"body":[212],"orientation":[213],"respect":[215],"gravitational":[218],"field":[219],"on":[220,231],"probability,":[223],"significant":[226],"effect":[227],"narrowing":[230],"regional":[232],"summary,":[235],"this":[236],"provides":[238],"insight":[239],"into":[240],"strategies":[242],"targeted":[244],"drug":[245],"delivery.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2020-08-18T00:00:00"}