{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046890053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","title":"Verified Approximation Algorithms","display_name":"Verified Approximation Algorithms","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046890053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","mag":"3046890053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/9148/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/9148/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059855465","display_name":"Robin E\u00dfmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-924X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-924X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin E\u00dfmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e3t M\u00fcnchen Munich, Germany#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e3t M\u00fcnchen Munich, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062636889","display_name":"Tobias Nipkow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-515X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-515X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Nipkow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Germany","Technische Universit\u00e3t M\u00fcnchen Munich, Germany#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e3t M\u00fcnchen Munich, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011013779","display_name":"Simon Robillard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-380X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-380X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19894307","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/051escj72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19894307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101743","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Robotique et de Micro\u00e9lectronique de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/013yean28","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I151295451","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I4210101743","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4405261681"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127572","display_name":"IMT Atlantique","ror":"https://ror.org/030hj3061","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I4210127572"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Robillard","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIRMM , Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier & CNRS , Montpellier , France","IMT Atlantique, Nantes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRMM , Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier & CNRS , Montpellier , France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I4210101743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMT Atlantique, Nantes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127572"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ujkan Sulejmani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ujkan Sulejmani","raw_affiliation_strings":["300 , San Francisco , CA 94105 , USA , or Eisenacher Strasse 2 , 10777 Berlin , Germany","Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"300 , San Francisco , CA 94105 , USA , or Eisenacher Strasse 2 , 10777 Berlin , Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5389,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55495859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 18, Issue 1","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.156700000166893,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"formal verification","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex-cover-problem","display_name":"vertex cover","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-sets","display_name":"independent sets","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set-cover","display_name":"set cover","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-selection","display_name":"center selection","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"load balancing","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bin-packing-problem","display_name":"bin packing","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-ratio","display_name":"approximation ratio","score":0.9269999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7577521800994873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40687702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11515519","display_name":"Vertex cover","level":3,"score":0.7484620213508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.6298855543136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100808899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192100","display_name":"Set cover problem","level":3,"score":0.5525029301643372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5322273373603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5211410522460938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.5101523995399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4763203561306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87219788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814581","display_name":"Bin packing problem","level":3,"score":0.4289807975292206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4030801057815552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3733111619949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.33508580923080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3227992653846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156273044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913766","display_name":"Bin","level":2,"score":0.2825218439102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.23742258548736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/9148/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2104.13851","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.13851","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.13851","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3159572760","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.13851.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:840dfb64b1a249ccb5dba0e51223a2fe","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/840dfb64b1a249ccb5dba0e51223a2fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science, Vol Volume 18, Issue 1 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1748645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1748645","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2104.13851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2104.13851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2104.13851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:3046890053","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/afp/afp2020.html#EssmannNR20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306502771","display_name":"Arch. Formal Proofs","issn_l":"2150-914X","issn":["2150-914X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Arch. Formal Proofs","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.46298/lmcs-18(1:36)2022","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/9148/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653283282","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NI 491/16-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046890053.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046890053.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W587794248","https://openalex.org/W1494310072","https://openalex.org/W1564240183","https://openalex.org/W1859357731","https://openalex.org/W2017216075","https://openalex.org/W2106192381","https://openalex.org/W2246736903","https://openalex.org/W2969660840","https://openalex.org/W3013252759","https://openalex.org/W4232276257","https://openalex.org/W4232591300","https://openalex.org/W4250850800","https://openalex.org/W4300550233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584049688","https://openalex.org/W1527658885","https://openalex.org/W2012700732","https://openalex.org/W2133668753","https://openalex.org/W1523351138","https://openalex.org/W7099566069","https://openalex.org/W2050272710","https://openalex.org/W2626895439","https://openalex.org/W2204538727","https://openalex.org/W7099149909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,26],"present":[1],"the":[2,34],"first":[3],"formal":[4],"verification":[5],"of":[6],"approximation":[7,35],"algorithms":[8],"for":[9],"NP-complete":[10],"optimization":[11],"problems:":[12],"vertex":[13],"cover,":[14,18],"independent":[15],"set,":[16],"set":[17],"center":[19],"selection,":[20],"load":[21],"balancing,":[22],"and":[23,32],"bin":[24],"packing.":[25],"uncover":[27],"incompletenesses":[28],"in":[29,37],"existing":[30],"proofs":[31,41],"improve":[33],"ratio":[36],"one":[38],"case.":[39],"All":[40],"are":[42],"uniformly":[43],"invariant":[44],"based.":[45]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2020-08-07T00:00:00"}
