{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045446366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.298","title":"APOE AS A METABOLIC REGULATOR IN HUMANS, MICE, AND ASTROCYTES","display_name":"APOE AS A METABOLIC REGULATOR IN HUMANS, MICE, AND ASTROCYTES","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045446366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.298","mag":"3045446366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uknowledge.uky.edu:physiology_etds-1045","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/physiology_etds/45","pdf_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1045&context=physiology_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations--Physiology","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1045&context=physiology_etds","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003860171","display_name":"Brandon C. Farmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farmer, Brandon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kentucky"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-2283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kentucky","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003860171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11390324,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-onset-alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"late-onset Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-glucose-hypometabolism","display_name":"cerebral glucose hypometabolism","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resting-energy-expenditure","display_name":"resting energy expenditure","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-challenge-test","display_name":"glucose challenge test","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerobic-glycolysis","display_name":"aerobic glycolysis","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactate","display_name":"lactate","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-metabolomics","display_name":"plasma metabolomics","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrocytes","display_name":"astrocytes","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-intervention","display_name":"dietary intervention","score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-decline","display_name":"cognitive decline","score":0.5199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6929976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771881","display_name":"Regulator","level":3,"score":0.7885063886642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777542381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502961","display_name":"Astrocyte","level":3,"score":0.44094809889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.41332775354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57089818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424728","display_name":"Apolipoprotein E","level":3,"score":0.4101758897304535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.36290857195854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2792219817638397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2624390423297882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.17358842492103577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.16380655765533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.14384663105010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.13255280256271362}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:uknowledge.uky.edu:physiology_etds-1045","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/physiology_etds/45","pdf_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1045&context=physiology_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations--Physiology","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3045446366","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/physiology_etds/45/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.13023/etd.2020.298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uknowledge.uky.edu:physiology_etds-1045","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/physiology_etds/45","pdf_url":"https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1045&context=physiology_etds","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402623","display_name":"UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","host_organization_name":"University of Kentucky","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations--Physiology","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5895166375","display_name":"Apolipoprotein E4 Alters Cerebral Lipid Metabolism","funder_award_id":"19PRE34380094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306230","funder_display_name":"American Heart Association"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306230","display_name":"American Heart Association","ror":"https://ror.org/013kjyp64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045446366.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045446366.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6884904990","https://openalex.org/W3041498416","https://openalex.org/W4238610650","https://openalex.org/W2980374722","https://openalex.org/W2116248575","https://openalex.org/W2344943776","https://openalex.org/W2003093016","https://openalex.org/W2807958953","https://openalex.org/W4312037105","https://openalex.org/W1992758155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Altered":[0],"metabolic":[1,53,133,234,304,398,621],"pathways":[2],"appear":[3],"to":[4,283,292,301,336,346,372,377,408,491,580,603,633,647,687],"play":[5],"central":[6],"roles":[7,513],"in":[8,65,84,121,129,204,208,236,249,263,280,356,382,445,464,495,514,540,555,643,651,664,691],"the":[9,19,23,27,61,79,96,108,113,125,147,250,272,303,386,411,471,488,496,524,527,547,626,652,665],"pathophysiology":[10],"of":[11,18,22,63,110,124,127,135,151,167,189,218,306,389,414,454,470,526,543,552,568,596,620,629,667],"late-onset":[12,33],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[13,472],"disease":[14,90,102,689],"(AD).":[15],"Carrier":[16],"status":[17],"E4":[20,40,85,100,111,128,136,152,182,209,273,313,327,342,368,390,419,465,528,558,563,587,639,692],"allele":[21,529],"APOE":[24,64,229,544,601,630,663],"gene":[25],"is":[26,58,92,169,226,277,474,482,498,536,631],"strongest":[28],"genetic":[29],"risk":[30,47,91,103,155,294,309,616,690],"factor":[31,156,310],"for":[32,48,60,157,260,295,460,480,598,617,637,662,674],"AD,":[34],"and":[35,68,163,206,265,270,318,361,395,449,517,534,549,557,575,615,672,681],"increasing":[36],"evidence":[37],"suggests":[38],"that":[39,324,366,418,502,562,586],"carriers":[41,86,137,183,328,369,391],"may":[42,72,212,640],"be":[43,641],"at":[44,88],"an":[45,161,186,307,380,396,539],"increased":[46,393,452],"neurodegeneration":[49],"based":[50],"on":[51,81,107,421,530,590],"inherent":[52],"impairments.":[54],"A":[55],"new":[56,320],"appreciation":[57],"forming":[59],"role":[62,126,661],"cerebral":[66,170,609],"metabolism,":[67,515,614],"how":[69,341],"nutritional":[70,82,285,676],"factors":[71],"impact":[73],"this":[74,221,246,481],"role.":[75],"In":[76,241,485,521,623],"chapter":[77,242,486,522,624],"1,":[78],"literature":[80,489],"interventions":[83,686],"aimed":[87],"mitigating":[89],"reviewed.":[93,499],"Studies":[94],"investigating":[95,132],"mechanism":[97,459,479],"by":[98,175,193,350,437],"which":[99],"increases":[101],"have":[104,119,139,426],"focused":[105],"primarily":[106],"association":[109],"with":[112,269,358,401],"neuropathological":[114],"hallmarks.":[115],"While":[116,275],"these":[117,406,591],"studies":[118],"aided":[120],"our":[122],"understanding":[123],"late-disease":[130],"pathology,":[131],"signatures":[134],"who":[138],"not":[140],"yet":[141],"developed":[142],"neuropathology":[143],"gives":[144],"insight":[145],"into":[146],"potential":[148],"earlier":[149],"mechanisms":[150],"as":[153,173,257,312,457,571,593,684],"a":[154,214,258,315,330,347,352,422,433,458,594,618,635,659],"AD.":[158,219],"For":[159],"example,":[160],"early":[162,203,207],"consistent":[164,400],"biological":[165],"hallmark":[166],"AD":[168,205,308],"glucose":[171,191,200,348,353,383,462,610],"hypometabolism":[172,201],"observed":[174,561],"fluorodeoxyglucose":[176],"positron":[177],"emission":[178],"tomography":[179],"(FDG-PET).":[180],"Interestingly,":[181],"also":[184,339],"display":[185],"AD-like":[187],"pattern":[188],"decreased":[190],"metabolism":[192,262,668],"FDG-PET":[194],"far":[195],"before":[196],"clinical":[197,281],"symptomology.":[198],"Since":[199],"occurs":[202],"carriers,":[210],"it":[211,225,287],"represent":[213],"critical":[215,512],"prodromal":[216],"phase":[217],"Beyond":[220],"brain":[222,473,497],"imaging":[223],"finding,":[224],"unclear":[227],"if":[228],"has":[230,288],"any":[231],"other":[232],"discernable":[233],"effects":[235,305],"cognitively":[237],"unimpaired":[238],"young":[239,264,325],"people.":[240],"2":[243],"we":[244,545,584],"bridge":[245],"knowledge":[247],"gap":[248],"field.":[251],"We":[252,322,338,364,404,416,500,560],"utilized":[253],"indirect":[254],"calorimetry":[255],"(IC)":[256],"method":[259],"assessing":[261],"middle":[266],"aged":[267],"volunteers":[268],"without":[271],"allele.":[274],"IC":[276,300,359],"commonly":[278],"used":[279,291],"settings":[282],"assess":[284,293],"status,":[286],"never":[289],"been":[290],"cognitive":[296],"decline.":[297],"Thus,":[298],"repurposing":[299],"study":[302],"such":[311],"represents":[314],"simple,":[316],"cost-effective,":[317],"innovative":[319],"approach.":[321],"found":[323,365,417,585],"female":[326,367],"show":[329,501],"lower":[331,427],"resting":[332],"energy":[333,428,607],"expenditure":[334,429],"compared":[335,579,646],"non-carriers.":[337],"tested":[340],"carriage":[343],"affects":[344],"response":[345],"challenge":[349],"administering":[351],"rich":[354],"beverage":[355],"conjunction":[357],"measurements":[360],"plasma":[362,387],"metabolomics.":[363],"were":[370],"unable":[371],"increase":[373],"oxygen":[374],"consumption":[375],"relative":[376],"non-carriers,":[378],"reflecting":[379],"impairment":[381],"oxidation.":[384,599],"Additionally,":[385],"metabolome":[388],"showed":[392],"lactate":[394],"overall":[397],"profile":[399],"aerobic":[402,455],"glycolysis.":[403],"translated":[405],"findings":[407],"mice":[409,420,446],"expressing":[410],"human":[412],"alleles":[413],"APOE.":[415],"normal":[423],"chow":[424],"diet":[425,440],"than":[430,507,669],"E3":[431,556,581],"mice,":[432],"difference":[434],"further":[435],"exacerbated":[436],"high":[438],"carbohydrate":[439],"feeding.":[441],"Stable":[442],"isotope":[443],"tracing":[444],"whole":[447,605],"brains":[448],"astrocytes":[450,564,588],"implicate":[451],"utilization":[453],"glycolysis":[456],"altered":[461],"handling":[463],"carriers.":[466,693],"Another":[467],"pathological":[468],"feature":[469],"glial":[475],"lipid":[476,492,576],"accumulation.":[477],"The":[478],"largely":[483],"unknown.":[484],"3,":[487],"pertaining":[490],"droplets":[493],"(LD)":[494],"LDs":[503,572,592],"are":[504],"much":[505],"more":[506],"simple":[508],"fat":[509],"depots,":[510],"playing":[511],"inflammation,":[516],"various":[518],"neurodegenerative":[519],"diseases.":[520,622],"4,":[523],"effect":[525],"astrocyte":[531,612],"LD":[532,613],"accumulation":[533],"turnover":[535],"assessed.":[537],"Using":[538],"vitro":[541],"model":[542],"probed":[546],"storage":[548,567],"oxidation":[550],"capacity":[551],"fatty":[553,569],"acids":[554,570],"astrocytes.":[559,582],"exhibit":[565],"greater":[566],"under":[573],"control":[574],"loaded":[577],"conditions":[578],"Furthermore,":[583],"rely":[589],"source":[595],"fuel":[597],"Therefore,":[600],"appears":[602],"regulate":[604],"body":[606],"expenditure,":[608],"oxidation,":[611],"host":[619],"5,":[625],"evolutionary":[627],"history":[628],"presented":[632],"posit":[634],"hypothesis":[636],"why":[638],"disadvantageous":[642],"modern":[644],"times":[645],"its":[648],"prior":[649],"advantages":[650],"pre-historic":[653],"era.":[654],"These":[655],"results":[656],"point":[657],"toward":[658],"larger":[660],"regulation":[666],"previously":[670],"understood":[671],"advocates":[673],"alternative":[675],"approaches":[677],"including":[678],"calorie":[679],"reduction":[680],"intermittent":[682],"fasting":[683],"plausible":[685],"mitigate":[688]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2020-07-29T00:00:00"}