{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041979513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","title":"Source credibility modulates the validation of implausible information","display_name":"Source credibility modulates the validation of implausible information","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041979513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","mag":"3041979513","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32651943","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7683457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066911201","display_name":"Andreas Gabriel Wertgen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-8370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6456-8370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas G. Wertgen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany. andreas.wertgen@uni-wuerzburg.de","Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany. andreas.wertgen@uni-wuerzburg.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026637064","display_name":"Tobias Richter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-9044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-9044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Richter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology IV, University of W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 10, 97070, W\u00fcrzburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066911201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"fwci":3.3898,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91841464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"8","first_page":"1359","last_page":"1375"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.5913000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.1559000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.06300000101327896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-credibility","display_name":"source credibility","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plausibility-judgments","display_name":"plausibility judgments","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-knowledge","display_name":"world knowledge","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-comprehension","display_name":"text comprehension","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-time","display_name":"reading time","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inconsistency-detection","display_name":"inconsistency detection","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.87150639295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40422974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741248","display_name":"Assertion","level":2,"score":0.8432515263557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776620684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7565144","display_name":"Source credibility","level":3,"score":0.7369433641433716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6948024034500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778095710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031225","display_name":"Information source (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6750273704528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6066368222236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983685735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227355","display_name":"Data source","level":2,"score":0.42607367038726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.39038482308387756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32233181595802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2464376986026764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2332788109779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1899559497833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11456805467605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10273602604866028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032882","descriptor_name":"Comprehension","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7683457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7683457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mem Cognit","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:32651943","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32651943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & cognition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.bibliothek.uni-wuerzburg.de:23482","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-234825","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401635","display_name":"Online Publication Service of W\u00fcrzburg University (W\u00fcrzburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","host_organization_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:0b3acf53-06cd-4c7d-9b94-183d98bba371","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/3bcke","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Project"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/s13421-020-01067-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325356","display_name":"Julius-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041979513.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041979513.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497382546","https://openalex.org/W1511502075","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1967390364","https://openalex.org/W1968827504","https://openalex.org/W1979856730","https://openalex.org/W1988505498","https://openalex.org/W1989627931","https://openalex.org/W1996187505","https://openalex.org/W2006501813","https://openalex.org/W2007918257","https://openalex.org/W2019973364","https://openalex.org/W2025432521","https://openalex.org/W2031424715","https://openalex.org/W2039540101","https://openalex.org/W2044887035","https://openalex.org/W2050826034","https://openalex.org/W2058837212","https://openalex.org/W2059086756","https://openalex.org/W2060069813","https://openalex.org/W2061333570","https://openalex.org/W2063789248","https://openalex.org/W2063906575","https://openalex.org/W2064447681","https://openalex.org/W2065037839","https://openalex.org/W2065638017","https://openalex.org/W2065695413","https://openalex.org/W2066201879","https://openalex.org/W2067074848","https://openalex.org/W2069205250","https://openalex.org/W2082642699","https://openalex.org/W2090224692","https://openalex.org/W2101211700","https://openalex.org/W2120357670","https://openalex.org/W2125001590","https://openalex.org/W2131288782","https://openalex.org/W2143167710","https://openalex.org/W2145480817","https://openalex.org/W2147381218","https://openalex.org/W2157392583","https://openalex.org/W2157405565","https://openalex.org/W2162398829","https://openalex.org/W2164949035","https://openalex.org/W2165162552","https://openalex.org/W2165683312","https://openalex.org/W2254509181","https://openalex.org/W2277619538","https://openalex.org/W2329873939","https://openalex.org/W2345613236","https://openalex.org/W2469789909","https://openalex.org/W2479272207","https://openalex.org/W2503559904","https://openalex.org/W2530048588","https://openalex.org/W2531058242","https://openalex.org/W2736965005","https://openalex.org/W2781548518","https://openalex.org/W2790171204","https://openalex.org/W2791121275","https://openalex.org/W2795646375","https://openalex.org/W2795655424","https://openalex.org/W2801847955","https://openalex.org/W2802287489","https://openalex.org/W2806212090","https://openalex.org/W2913616916","https://openalex.org/W2967964688","https://openalex.org/W4255404013","https://openalex.org/W4286824741","https://openalex.org/W6816003578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162649908","https://openalex.org/W6889690835","https://openalex.org/W2531058242","https://openalex.org/W3041297724","https://openalex.org/W2164949035","https://openalex.org/W4309929510","https://openalex.org/W6885128407","https://openalex.org/W7020028881","https://openalex.org/W7124234994","https://openalex.org/W3095196071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Validation":[0],"of":[1,18,27,39,44,78,82,135,151],"text":[2,19],"information":[3,13,29,45,131],"as":[4],"a":[5,61,68,88,92,98,113,125,148],"general":[6,74],"mechanism":[7],"for":[8],"detecting":[9],"inconsistent":[10,71,94,119],"or":[11,70],"false":[12],"is":[14],"an":[15,117],"integral":[16],"part":[17],"comprehension.":[20],"This":[21],"study":[22],"examined":[23],"how":[24],"the":[25,28,133,158],"credibility":[26,41,84,143,156],"source":[30,40,83,90,115,130,142,155],"affects":[31],"validation":[32,47,134,145],"processes.":[33],"Two":[34],"experiments":[35],"investigated":[36],"combined":[37],"effects":[38],"and":[42,51,80,106,146,154],"plausibility":[43,79,153],"during":[46],"with":[48,60,73,97,120,124],"explicit":[49],"(ratings)":[50],"implicit":[52],"(reading":[53],"times)":[54],"measurements.":[55],"Participants":[56],"read":[57],"short":[58],"stories":[59],"high-credible":[62],"versus":[63],"low-credible":[64,99,126],"person":[65],"that":[66,129,141],"stated":[67,91,116],"consistent":[69],"assertion":[72,95,118],"world":[75,121],"knowledge.":[76],"Ratings":[77],"ratings":[81],"were":[85,110],"lower":[86],"when":[87,112],"credible":[89,114],"world-knowledge":[93],"compared":[96,123],"source.":[100],"Reading":[101],"times":[102],"on":[103,107],"target":[104],"sentences":[105,109],"spillover":[108],"slower":[111],"knowledge":[122],"source,":[127],"suggesting":[128],"modulated":[132],"implausible":[136],"information.":[137],"These":[138],"results":[139],"show":[140],"modulates":[144],"suggest":[147],"bidirectional":[149],"relationship":[150],"perceived":[152],"in":[157],"reading":[159],"process.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2020-07-16T00:00:00"}