{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041482920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","title":"BCL-2 inhibitor sensitizes the latent HIV reservoir to elimination by CTLs","display_name":"BCL-2 inhibitor sensitizes the latent HIV reservoir to elimination by CTLs","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041482920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","mag":"3041482920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020305495/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764990692","display_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","issn_l":"2055-6640","issn":["2055-6640","2055-6659"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020305495/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039731384","display_name":"Szu-Han Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1420-3186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1420-3186"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.-H. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085715902","display_name":"Yanqin Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-0001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-0001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101915694","display_name":"Amanda B. Macedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-8687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-8687"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Macedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022220685","display_name":"Shabnum Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-9540","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-9540"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336742384","display_name":"Children's National","ror":"https://ror.org/03wa2q724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021157897","display_name":"Dora Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-3293","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-3293"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065067992","display_name":"E. Horch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Horch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024188849","display_name":"Ronald Truong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0336-7970","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0336-7970"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Truong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006134549","display_name":"Catherine M. Bollard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-9090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-9090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336742384","display_name":"Children's National","ror":"https://ror.org/03wa2q724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Bollard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034983452","display_name":"Alberto Bosque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-2160","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-2160"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Bosque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074840577","display_name":"Richard Brad Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-1231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-1231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.B. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":0.1502,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49778216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"32","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10613","display_name":"Virus-based gene therapy research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-reservoir","display_name":"HIV reservoir","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bcl2-inhibitors","display_name":"BCL-2 inhibitor","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venetoclax","display_name":"venetoclax","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bryostatin","display_name":"bryostatin","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+ T cells","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication-competent-virus","display_name":"replication-competent virus","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-eradication","display_name":"HIV eradication","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis-resistance","display_name":"apoptosis resistance","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd3-cd28-costimulation","display_name":"anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.6525106430053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.49492329359054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49015435576438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.26317697763442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25911229848861694}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020305495/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764990692","display_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","issn_l":"2055-6640","issn":["2055-6640","2055-6659"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:956441362874445c80ca1c8b7a2c4c24","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/956441362874445c80ca1c8b7a2c4c24","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 32- (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30549-5","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2055664020305495/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764990692","display_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","issn_l":"2055-6640","issn":["2055-6640","2055-6659"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virus Eradication","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041482920.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041482920.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3041153536","https://openalex.org/W2981433848","https://openalex.org/W3045126942","https://openalex.org/W3004775388","https://openalex.org/W3044387015","https://openalex.org/W3106944690","https://openalex.org/W2603282311","https://openalex.org/W7126055474","https://openalex.org/W7207867453","https://openalex.org/W1575346280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"'Kick-and-kill'":[1],"strategies":[2],"have":[3,12,24],"shown":[4],"promise":[5],"in":[6,18,55,85,95,163,179,189,196,219,223,241],"primary-cell":[7],"models":[8],"of":[9,35,50,73,140,145],"latency,":[10],"but":[11,193,250],"yet":[13],"to":[14,67,77,160,186,216,257,279,286,292],"show":[15],"broad":[16],"success":[17],"ex":[19,170,265],"vivo":[20,171,266],"patient":[21],"samples.Our":[22],"studies":[23],"found":[25],"that":[26,271],"latent":[27,273],"reservoirs":[28,274],"resist":[29],"elimination,":[30],"despite":[31],"treatment":[32,176],"with":[33,112,119,151,157,177,181,207,243],"combinations":[34],"CTLs":[36],"targeting":[37],"non-escaped":[38],"HIV":[39,87,126,164,190,220,233,248],"epitopes":[40],"and":[41,99,105,114,121,129,166,212,222],"strong":[42,244],"LRAs.Cummins":[43],"et":[44],"al":[45],"recently":[46],"observed":[47,201],"elevated":[48],"levels":[49],"the":[51,71,100,260],"anti-apoptotic":[52],"protein":[53],"BCL-2":[54,74],"CD4+":[56,108,267],"TCM-cells":[57],"from":[58,173,264],"HIV-infected":[59],"individuals,":[60],"which":[61],"may":[62,275],"increase":[63],"infected":[64],"cell":[65,143],"resistance":[66,278],"elimination.Here,":[68],"we":[69],"investigate":[70],"ability":[72],"inhibitor":[75],"'venetoclax'":[76],"remove":[78],"this":[79],"barrier.Methods:":[80],"Reservoir":[81],"reduction":[82],"was":[83,252],"assessed":[84],"an":[86,290],"eradication":[88,234],"assay":[89,137],"using":[90],"various":[91],"CTL":[92,182,208,238],"immune":[93,183,239],"effectors":[94,184,240],"combination":[96,180,242],"with/without":[97],"venetoclax":[98,213,251,288],"following":[101],"lras:":[102],"bryostatin,":[103],"PMA/Ionomycin,":[104],"CD3/CD28":[106,210],"antibodies.Resting":[107],"T-cells":[109],"were":[110,200],"co-cultured":[111],"lras":[113],"ctls":[115],"for":[116,124],"3":[117],"days":[118],"arvs,":[120],"then":[122],"measured":[123],"cell-associated":[125],"DNA":[127,165,191,221],"(ddpcr)":[128],"replication":[130,167,197,224,261],"competent":[131,168,198,225,262],"virus":[132,199,226],"by":[133,281],"quantitative":[134],"viral":[135],"outgrowth":[136],"(QVOA).Results:":[138],"Treatment":[139],"a":[141],"primary":[142],"model":[144,147],"latency":[146],"(Cultured":[148],"TCM":[149],"model),":[150],"either":[152],"bryostatin":[153,156],"alone":[154],"or":[155],"venetoclax,":[158],"led":[159,185,215],"significant":[161,187,217],"decreases":[162,188,195,218],"reservoir.In":[169],"samples":[172],"ARV-treated":[174],"participants,":[175],"LRAs":[178,245],"(p<0.0001,n=9),":[192],"no":[194],"(trend":[202],"towards":[203],"increase,":[204],"p<0.13,":[205],"n=9).Treatment":[206],"clones,":[209],"antibodies,":[211],"together":[214],"(HIV":[227],"DNA:":[228],"p<0.001,IUPM:":[229],"p=0.0009,":[230],"4-fold":[231],"decrease).Conclusions:":[232],"assays":[235],"utilizing":[236],"potent":[237],"significantly":[246,258],"depleted":[247],"DNA,":[249],"necessary":[253],"(but":[254],"not":[255],"sufficient)":[256],"deplete":[259],"reservoir":[263],"T-cells.These":[268],"data":[269],"indicate":[270],"some":[272],"exhibit":[276],"BCL-2mediated":[277],"elimination":[280],"CTLs.Further":[282],"study":[283],"is":[284],"needed":[285],"explore":[287],"as":[289],"adjunct":[291],"kick-and-kill":[293],"therapies.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2020-07-16T00:00:00"}