{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040959445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","title":"Quantum Key Distribution Over Quantum Repeaters with Encoding: Using Error Detection as an Effective Postselection Tool","display_name":"Quantum Key Distribution Over Quantum Repeaters with Encoding: Using Error Detection as an Effective Postselection Tool","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040959445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","mag":"3040959445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764453006","display_name":"Physical Review Applied","issn_l":"2331-7019","issn":["2331-7019","2331-7043"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Applied","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.06376","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004910218","display_name":"Yumang Jing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9347-3779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9347-3779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yumang Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9347-3779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniel Alsina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Alsina","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040330812","display_name":"Mohsen Razavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-2125","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-2125"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Razavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4172-2125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004910218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5087,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54424956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"quantum key distribution","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-repeaters","display_name":"quantum repeaters","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-selection","display_name":"post-selection","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-detection","display_name":"quantum error detection","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correction","display_name":"quantum error correction","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-distillation","display_name":"entanglement distillation","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-swapping","display_name":"entanglement swapping","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-key-rate","display_name":"secret key rate","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoherence","display_name":"decoherence","score":0.36899998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777061846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7234498","display_name":"Postselection","level":4,"score":0.8431000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.6166999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41241483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269015","display_name":"Quantum capacity","level":5,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3723999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187486625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122176","display_name":"Quantum channel","level":4,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89143813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105423","display_name":"Quantum sensor","level":5,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevapplied.14.064037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764453006","display_name":"Physical Review Applied","issn_l":"2331-7019","issn":["2331-7019","2331-7043"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review Applied","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:163585","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/163585/7/NU10240_Jing.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/163585/7/NU10240_Jing.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.06376","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.06376","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.06376","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2007.06376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2007.06376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2007.06376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.06376","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.06376","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.06376","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3245899752","display_name":"UK Quantum Technology Hub for Quantum Communications Technologies","funder_award_id":"EP/M013472/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G469194464","display_name":"Quantum Communications for ALL","funder_award_id":"675662","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8825924284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M013472","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040959445.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040959445.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1146367619","https://openalex.org/W1623920228","https://openalex.org/W1963984432","https://openalex.org/W1978553093","https://openalex.org/W1985816534","https://openalex.org/W1985877697","https://openalex.org/W1992958600","https://openalex.org/W1997124098","https://openalex.org/W2018263239","https://openalex.org/W2035551859","https://openalex.org/W2043137390","https://openalex.org/W2056511386","https://openalex.org/W2062258079","https://openalex.org/W2063635674","https://openalex.org/W2067204178","https://openalex.org/W2067587698","https://openalex.org/W2071764857","https://openalex.org/W2092105345","https://openalex.org/W2132764286","https://openalex.org/W2133157165","https://openalex.org/W2154722155","https://openalex.org/W2162190343","https://openalex.org/W2169980987","https://openalex.org/W2214536953","https://openalex.org/W2295554348","https://openalex.org/W2345865410","https://openalex.org/W2748703318","https://openalex.org/W2785054299","https://openalex.org/W2799278992","https://openalex.org/W2804344688","https://openalex.org/W2805713135","https://openalex.org/W2897264299","https://openalex.org/W2916781987","https://openalex.org/W2963108509","https://openalex.org/W2963762946","https://openalex.org/W3005918742","https://openalex.org/W3012599914","https://openalex.org/W3098817928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7042662821","https://openalex.org/W3117987689","https://openalex.org/W3130841161","https://openalex.org/W4410394589","https://openalex.org/W1999602219","https://openalex.org/W2013349454","https://openalex.org/W3100679706","https://openalex.org/W1963984432","https://openalex.org/W2037554744","https://openalex.org/W4366422390"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,80,100],"propose":[1],"a":[2],"postselection":[3],"technique,":[4],"based":[5],"on":[6,110],"quantum":[7,11,19,26,42],"error":[8,76,93,146],"detection,":[9],"for":[10,31,84],"key":[12,113,157],"distribution":[13],"(QKD)":[14],"systems":[15],"that":[16],"run":[17],"over":[18],"repeaters":[20],"with":[21],"encoding.":[22],"In":[23],"such":[24,41,108],"repeaters,":[25,43],"error-correction":[27],"techniques":[28],"are":[29],"used":[30],"entanglement":[32,129],"distillation.":[33],"By":[34],"developing":[35],"an":[36,75],"analytical":[37],"approach":[38],"to":[39,57,70,134],"study":[40],"we":[44,141],"show":[45],"that,":[46],"in":[47,94,103,148],"the":[48,59,63,67,98,105,111,117,125,136,143,152],"context":[49],"of":[50,66,92,97,107,116,151],"QKD,":[51],"it":[52],"is":[53],"often":[54],"more":[55],"efficient":[56],"use":[58,124],"error-detection,":[60],"rather":[61],"than":[62],"error-correction,":[64],"capability":[65],"underlying":[68],"code":[69],"sift":[71],"out":[72],"cases":[73],"where":[74],"has":[77],"been":[78],"detected.":[79],"implement":[81],"our":[82],"technique":[83],"three-qubit":[85],"repetition":[86],"codes":[87],"by":[88],"modeling":[89],"different":[90,149],"sources":[91],"crucial":[95],"components":[96,150],"system.":[99],"then":[101],"investigate":[102],"detail":[104],"impact":[106],"imperfections":[109],"secret":[112],"generation":[114],"rate":[115],"QKD":[118],"system,":[119],"and":[120,131],"how":[121],"one":[122],"can":[123,159],"information":[126],"obtained":[127],"during":[128],"swapping":[130],"decoding":[132],"stages":[133],"maximize":[135],"rate.":[137],"For":[138],"benchmarking":[139],"purposes,":[140],"specify":[142],"maximum":[144],"allowed":[145],"rates":[147,158],"setup":[153],"below":[154],"which":[155],"positive":[156],"be":[160],"obtained.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2020-07-16T00:00:00"}
