{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3038440587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","title":"A STUDY ON DEVELOPING INTERCULTURAL AWARENESS SCALE (ICAS) AND EXAMINING ELT STUDENTS INTERCULTURAL AWARENESS","display_name":"A STUDY ON DEVELOPING INTERCULTURAL AWARENESS SCALE (ICAS) AND EXAMINING ELT STUDENTS INTERCULTURAL AWARENESS","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3038440587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","mag":"3038440587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.35452/caless.2020.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1181643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207492","display_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language Education and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2687-2528","issn":["2687-2528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1181643","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021958100","display_name":"Fatma \u00d6zlem SAKA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-9983","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-9983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197907453","display_name":"Akdeniz University","ror":"https://ror.org/01m59r132","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatma \u00d6zlem Saka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asst","Asst. Prof. Dr., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, Department of Foreign Language Education, Antalya, Turkey,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asst","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asst. Prof. Dr., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, Department of Foreign Language Education, Antalya, Turkey,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011374115","display_name":"Burak Asma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-3867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-3867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197907453","display_name":"Akdeniz University","ror":"https://ror.org/01m59r132","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burak Asma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Akdeniz University , Faculty of Education , Department of Foreign Language Education , Antalya , Turkey,","Res. Asst., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, Department of Turkish Language Education, Antalya, Turkey,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Akdeniz University , Faculty of Education , Department of Foreign Language Education , Antalya , Turkey,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Res. Asst., Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, Department of Turkish Language Education, Antalya, Turkey,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197907453"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1696,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.852825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"445","last_page":"461"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10907","display_name":"International Student and Expatriate Challenges","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13795","display_name":"Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.03220000118017197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercultural-awareness","display_name":"intercultural awareness","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-development","display_name":"scale development","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-teaching-students","display_name":"English language teaching students","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-students","display_name":"international students","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-abroad-experience","display_name":"study abroad experience","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grade-level","display_name":"grade level","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6546149253845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6345139145851135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1375683","display_name":"Normality","level":2,"score":0.5468158721923828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776423180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1205196","display_name":"Intercultural communication","level":2,"score":0.5010621547698975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45890966057777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.44940444827079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.332672119140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3173485994338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11529821157455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.35452/caless.2020.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1181643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207492","display_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language Education and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2687-2528","issn":["2687-2528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/746219","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/caless/issue/54288/746219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.35452/caless.2020.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35452/caless.2020.23","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1181643","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207492","display_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language Education and Social Sciences","issn_l":"2687-2528","issn":["2687-2528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Current Approaches in Language, Education and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3038440587.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3038440587.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13075456","https://openalex.org/W18058049","https://openalex.org/W189872346","https://openalex.org/W1484864026","https://openalex.org/W1742796442","https://openalex.org/W1758970753","https://openalex.org/W1965014167","https://openalex.org/W1997505050","https://openalex.org/W2020675527","https://openalex.org/W2023603022","https://openalex.org/W2038710604","https://openalex.org/W2046766964","https://openalex.org/W2058866620","https://openalex.org/W2061935394","https://openalex.org/W2117629146","https://openalex.org/W2132072602","https://openalex.org/W2304127486","https://openalex.org/W2519977218","https://openalex.org/W3147564756","https://openalex.org/W4240563602","https://openalex.org/W4292309271","https://openalex.org/W7067418892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217317236","https://openalex.org/W4318996862","https://openalex.org/W2261231172","https://openalex.org/W4390067016","https://openalex.org/W3027148048","https://openalex.org/W6946171667","https://openalex.org/W4412846316","https://openalex.org/W3191343104","https://openalex.org/W2345249852","https://openalex.org/W2223313095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,11,69,133,150,154,167],"examine":[4],"ELT":[5,38],"students'":[6,125],"intercultural":[7,20,126,145,164],"awareness":[8,21,127,146,165],"levels":[9],"according":[10,132,149],"various":[12],"variables.To":[13],"attain":[14],"this":[15],"goal,":[16],"a":[17,42,54,60,70],"scale":[18,28,56,66],"measuring":[19],"was":[22,31,51,57,67],"developed":[23,65],"in":[24,41],"the":[25,46,63,86,95,100,107,112,124,138,155,157,168],"first":[26],"phase.The":[27],"development":[29],"process":[30],"carried":[32],"out":[33,106],"with":[34],"data":[35,82],"of":[36,62,73,76,97,102,140],"207":[37],"students":[39,74,78,158],"studying":[40],"state":[43],"university.After":[44],"collecting":[45],"data,":[47],"exploratory":[48],"factor":[49],"analysis":[50,119],"computed,":[52],"and":[53,94],"24-item":[55],"obtained":[58],"as":[59],"result":[61],"AFA.The":[64],"administered":[68],"different":[71],"group":[72],"consisting":[75],"182":[77],"(Male=71,":[79],"Female=111).The":[80],"collected":[81],"were":[83,115],"analysed":[84],"considering":[85],"extraneous":[87],"variables":[88],"like":[89],"gender,":[90],"grade,":[91],"presence":[92,152],"abroad":[93,161],"number":[96,139],"been":[98,141,160],"abroad.Since":[99],"test":[101],"normality":[103],"results":[104,121],"pointed":[105],"skew":[108],"distribution":[109],"among":[110],"all":[111],"variables,":[113],"comparisons":[114],"made":[116],"through":[117],"non-parametric":[118],"techniques.The":[120],"showed":[122],"that":[123],"did":[128,171],"not":[129,172],"significantly":[130,147],"change":[131],"their":[134,144,151],"genders,":[135],"grades,":[136],"or":[137],"abroad;":[142],"however,":[143],"changed":[148],"abroad.According":[153],"results,":[156],"having":[159],"had":[162],"higher":[163],"compared":[166],"ones":[169],"who":[170],"go":[173],"abroad.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2020-07-10T00:00:00"}