{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036296002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","title":"Graduation after 10 years of Ethiopia\u2019s Productive Safety Net Programme: Surviving but still not thriving","display_name":"Graduation after 10 years of Ethiopia\u2019s Productive Safety Net Programme: Surviving but still not thriving","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036296002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","mag":"3036296002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/dpr.12515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132415769","display_name":"Development Policy Review","issn_l":"0950-6764","issn":["0950-6764","1467-7679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Development Policy Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090155316","display_name":"Rachel Sabates\u2010Wheeler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-212X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-212X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120766","display_name":"Institute of Development Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/0288jxv49","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120766"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Sabates\u2010Wheeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-212X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824","https://openalex.org/I4210120766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038664220","display_name":"Jeremy Lind","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2912-6235","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2912-6235"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","display_name":"University of Sussex","ror":"https://ror.org/00ayhx656","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120766","display_name":"Institute of Development Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/0288jxv49","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120766"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Lind","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2912-6235","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824","https://openalex.org/I4210120766"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049590493","display_name":"John Frederick Hoddinott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-3917","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-3917"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Hoddinott","raw_affiliation_strings":["H.E. Babcock Professor of Food & Nutrition Economics and Policy Cornell University NY USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-3917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H.E. Babcock Professor of Food & Nutrition Economics and Policy Cornell University NY USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010205100","display_name":"Mulugeta Tefera Taye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mulugeta Tefera Taye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dadimos Development Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dadimos Development Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090155316"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162608824","https://openalex.org/I4210120766"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7821,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96243058,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"4","first_page":"511","last_page":"531"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11886","display_name":"Agricultural risk and resilience","score":0.036400001496076584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productive-safety-net-programme","display_name":"Productive Safety Net Program","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-protection","display_name":"social protection","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"food security","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-asset-accumulation","display_name":"household asset accumulation","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-poverty","display_name":"extreme poverty","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-services","display_name":"rural services","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethiopia","display_name":"Ethiopia","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/administrative-capacity","display_name":"administrative capacity","score":0.3199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778216598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131802","display_name":"Safety net","level":2,"score":0.6972436308860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.6827862858772278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3987366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658164","display_name":"Livelihood","level":3,"score":0.6350334882736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776745293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7798302","display_name":"Thriving","level":2,"score":0.6074373722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.5654109716415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C549605437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911","display_name":"Food security","level":3,"score":0.5184609293937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4916093945503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.43823832273483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4292975962162018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777433830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551332","display_name":"Social protection","level":2,"score":0.42336466908454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.41105616092681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.39680203795433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.28720325231552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.19622144103050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12137678265571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11118781566619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10364562273025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/dpr.12515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132415769","display_name":"Development Policy Review","issn_l":"0950-6764","issn":["0950-6764","1467-7679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Development Policy Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cdm15738.contentdm.oclc.org:p15738coll5/7354","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cdm15738.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll5/id/7354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400226","display_name":"IFPRI E-brary (International Food Policy Research Institute)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150314799","host_organization_name":"International Food Policy Research Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150314799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Development Policy Review 39(4): 511-531","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ebrary.ifpri.org:p15738coll5/7354","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll5/id/7354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400197","display_name":"International Food Policy Research Institute (International Food Policy Research Institute)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150314799","host_organization_name":"International Food Policy Research Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150314799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Development Policy Review 39(4): 511-531","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opendocs.ids.ac.uk:20.500.12413/15842","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/15842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401080","display_name":"OpenDocs (Institute of Development Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120766","host_organization_name":"Institute of Development Studies","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120766"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"},{"score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.4074000120162964,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7653990593","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"7172372","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","funder_display_name":"World Bank Group"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","display_name":"World Bank Group","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1870275908","https://openalex.org/W2023292007","https://openalex.org/W2028885718","https://openalex.org/W2111961826","https://openalex.org/W2152600260","https://openalex.org/W2152792807","https://openalex.org/W2159246520","https://openalex.org/W2346881824","https://openalex.org/W2371370829","https://openalex.org/W2765536652","https://openalex.org/W2776519776","https://openalex.org/W2886775672","https://openalex.org/W2908915021","https://openalex.org/W2980438673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7197261416","https://openalex.org/W7197580160","https://openalex.org/W4414122638","https://openalex.org/W7214886798","https://openalex.org/W153877045","https://openalex.org/W7165026607","https://openalex.org/W2761334953","https://openalex.org/W7078702405","https://openalex.org/W7199263732","https://openalex.org/W2998104006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Motivation":[1],"Many":[2,223],"social":[3,67],"protection":[4,68],"programmes":[5],"aspire":[6],"to":[7,45,50,63,81,97,152,174,195,203,207,212,216,220,237,278,297],"graduate":[8,176],"poor":[9],"people":[10,31,269],"out":[11,33,53,199,228,246,287],"of":[12,30,34,54,100,117,183,200,205,218,229,247,263,284,288],"poverty.":[13,248],"While":[14],"some":[15,127],"successfully":[16],"ensure":[17],"food":[18,82],"security":[19,83],"and":[20,36,56,71,76,84,86,135,146,167,209,215,267,292],"survival":[21],"for":[22,89],"the":[23,48,98,101,113,118,159,170,181,191,242,280],"poorest,":[24],"few":[25],"have":[26],"moved":[27],"large":[28],"numbers":[29],"sustainably":[32],"poverty":[35,266],"into":[37],"productive":[38],"livelihood":[39,186],"opportunities.":[40],"Purpose":[41],"This":[42],"article":[43],"aims":[44],"understand":[46],"better":[47],"challenges":[49],"sustainable":[51],"graduation":[52,58,75],"poverty,":[55,201,289],"why":[57,158,169],"has":[59,123,150,161],"been":[60,124],"so":[61,177],"difficult":[62],"achieve":[64],"in":[65,107,163,259,304],"many":[66,178],"programmes.":[69],"Approach":[70],"Methods":[72],"We":[73,92],"define":[74],"identify":[77],"primary":[78,261],"objectives":[79,88],"related":[80],"consumption":[85],"secondary":[87],"asset":[90,144],"accumulation.":[91],"then":[93],"apply":[94],"this":[95],"thinking":[96],"case":[99],"Productive":[102],"Safety":[103],"Net":[104],"Programme":[105],"(PSNP)":[106],"Ethiopia,":[108],"drawing":[109],"on":[110,126,139,185],"evaluation":[111],"spanning":[112],"first":[114],"10":[115],"years":[116],"programme.":[119],"Findings":[120],"The":[121,251],"programme":[122,160,172,256],"successful":[125],"fronts\u2014such":[128],"as":[129,142,310],"saving":[130],"lives,":[131],"reducing":[132],"distress":[133],"sales":[134],"providing":[136],"community\u2010level":[137],"services\u2014while":[138],"others,":[140],"such":[141],"household":[143,165,300],"building":[145,164],"livestock":[147],"accumulation,":[148],"it":[149,274],"failed":[151],"deliver.":[153],"Given":[154],"this,":[155],"we":[156],"ask":[157],"underperformed":[162],"assets,":[166],"further,":[168],"PSNP":[171,192,252],"proceeded":[173],"prematurely":[175],"households":[179,198,243,286],"despite":[180],"lack":[182,204,217],"evidence":[184],"strengthening.":[187],"It":[188],"seems":[189],"that":[190,277],"was":[193],"unable":[194],"lift":[196],"most":[197],"owing":[202],"capacity":[206,294],"design":[208],"implement":[210],"measures":[211],"raise":[213],"incomes":[214],"opportunities":[219],"do":[221],"so.":[222],"households,":[224],"however,":[225],"were":[226],"graduated":[227],"PSNP,":[230],"apparently":[231],"because":[232],"field":[233],"staff":[234],"had":[235,244],"quotas":[236],"fulfil,":[238],"whether":[239],"or":[240],"not":[241],"progressed":[245],"Policy":[249],"implications":[250],"shows":[253,276],"how":[254],"a":[255],"can":[257],"succeed":[258],"its":[260],"objective":[262],"alleviating":[264],"deep":[265],"preventing":[268],"from":[270],"becoming":[271],"destitute.":[272],"But":[273],"also":[275],"reach":[279],"more":[281,290],"ambitious":[282],"target":[283],"graduating":[285],"funds":[291],"administrative":[293],"are":[295,308],"needed":[296,309],"generate":[298],"additional":[299],"economic":[301],"activity.":[302],"Investments":[303],"complementary":[305],"rural":[306],"services":[307],"well.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2020-06-25T00:00:00"}