{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036128409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","title":"Recognition of Cardiovascular Diseases through Retinal Images Using Optic Cup to Optic Disc Ratio","display_name":"Recognition of Cardiovascular Diseases through Retinal Images Using Optic Cup to Optic Disc Ratio","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036128409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","mag":"3036128409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1134/s105466182002011x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13557859","display_name":"Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis","issn_l":"1054-6618","issn":["1054-6618","1555-6212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034581895","display_name":"S. Palanivel Rajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3184-0961","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3184-0961"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154466","display_name":"M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/03z0n5k81","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154466"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Palanivel Rajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering (Autonomous), Karur, Tamilnadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering (Autonomous), Karur, Tamilnadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034581895"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1067,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78318853,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"256","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-detection","display_name":"cardiovascular disease detection","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus-images","display_name":"fundus images","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-cup","display_name":"optic cup","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optic-disc","display_name":"optic nerve head","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cup-to-disc-ratio","display_name":"cup-to-disc ratio","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-vessel-segmentation","display_name":"retinal vessel segmentation","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma","display_name":"glaucoma","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"blood pressure","score":0.8320000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779735895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16873995","display_name":"Optic disc","level":3,"score":0.6956073045730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.6842566132545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.6077331900596619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5405522584915161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5024652481079102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4624035954475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780837183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186029","display_name":"Optic nerve","level":2,"score":0.46002522110939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.4596613645553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.45108020305633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42075368762016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.4115281403064728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3684350252151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.22450095415115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.14030829071998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11981624364852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0746375322341919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1134/s105466182002011x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s105466182002011x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13557859","display_name":"Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis","issn_l":"1054-6618","issn":["1054-6618","1555-6212"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008877337","https://openalex.org/W2067097449","https://openalex.org/W2133461148","https://openalex.org/W2156236251","https://openalex.org/W2611742580","https://openalex.org/W2619391717","https://openalex.org/W2736916462","https://openalex.org/W2749197555","https://openalex.org/W2755665484","https://openalex.org/W2763797438","https://openalex.org/W2769684747","https://openalex.org/W2769757464","https://openalex.org/W2788864845","https://openalex.org/W2791447208","https://openalex.org/W2792787613","https://openalex.org/W2793818064","https://openalex.org/W2804694216","https://openalex.org/W2806486295","https://openalex.org/W2889673653","https://openalex.org/W2897557952","https://openalex.org/W2907759749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365790527","https://openalex.org/W7154185086","https://openalex.org/W7214357826","https://openalex.org/W4393021538","https://openalex.org/W4328025172","https://openalex.org/W4401351923","https://openalex.org/W2769684747","https://openalex.org/W2326452080","https://openalex.org/W4398198658","https://openalex.org/W4408524737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"the":[2,9,39,78,86,96,104,115,119,125,131,168,175,194,206,213],"versatile":[3],"advanced":[4],"world,":[5],"diseases":[6,37,139],"due":[7],"to":[8,23,58,89],"cardiovascular":[10,61,138],"disease":[11,62],"(CVD)":[12],"play":[13],"a":[14],"major":[15],"role":[16],"in":[17,30,34,99,114,130,218],"human":[18],"health":[19],"disorders":[20],"event":[21],"leads":[22],"death.":[24],"CVD":[25,54,91,197,209],"deaths":[26],"accounts":[27],"for":[28,162],"80%":[29],"males":[31],"and":[32,71,135,155,164,178,200],"75%":[33],"females.":[35],"Cardiovascular":[36],"are":[38,68,203,216],"leading":[40],"cause":[41],"of":[42,60,85,106,121,133,196,208],"death":[43],"globally.":[44],"By":[45,173,188],"2030,":[46],"over":[47],"23":[48],"million":[49],"people":[50],"will":[51],"die":[52],"from":[53],"every":[55],"year.":[56],"Up":[57],"90%":[59],"may":[63],"be":[64,75],"preventable":[65],"if":[66],"they":[67],"properly":[69],"recognized":[70,199,211],"correct":[72],"treatment":[73,136],"should":[74],"given":[76],"at":[77],"earlier":[79],"stage.":[80],"This":[81],"paper":[82],"undergoes":[83],"one":[84],"key":[87],"factors":[88],"find":[90],"is":[92,112,118,128,153,160,185,198,210],"through":[93,167,212],"retinal":[94,116,150,214],"vessels,":[95],"processes":[97],"involved":[98,113],"those":[100],"measurements":[101],"could":[102],"predict":[103],"presence":[105,195,207],"diseases.":[107],"The":[108,149],"main":[109],"function":[110],"that":[111],"vessels":[117],"extraction":[120],"information":[122],"present":[123],"inside":[124],"tissues":[126],"which":[127],"used":[129,161],"case":[132],"recognition":[134],"towards":[137],"such":[140],"as":[141],"stroke,":[142],"blood":[143],"pressure,":[144],"hyper":[145],"tension,":[146],"glaucoma":[147],"etc.":[148],"image":[151],"taken":[152],"filtered":[154],"then":[156],"segmented.":[157],"Their":[158],"result":[159],"arteries":[163],"vein":[165],"classification":[166],"support":[169],"vector":[170],"machine":[171],"(SVM).":[172],"detecting":[174],"optic":[176,179],"cup":[177],"disc":[180],"measurement,":[181],"cup-to-disc":[182],"ratio":[183],"(CDR)":[184],"calculated":[186],"here.":[187],"using":[189],"artificial":[190],"neural":[191],"networks":[192],"(ANN),":[193],"their":[201],"parameters":[202],"measured.":[204],"Hence,":[205],"images":[215],"detected":[217],"this":[219],"paper.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2020-06-25T00:00:00"}
