{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036070525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","title":"DRY SLIDING WEAR AND SURFACE MORPHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF AN ALUMINIUM MATRIX COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH PALM KERNEL SHELL","display_name":"DRY SLIDING WEAR AND SURFACE MORPHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF AN ALUMINIUM MATRIX COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH PALM KERNEL SHELL","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036070525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","mag":"3036070525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36547/ams.26.2.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","pdf_url":"https://journals.scicell.org/index.php/AMS/article/download/537/470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174685","display_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","issn_l":"1335-1532","issn":["1335-1532","1338-1156"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journals.scicell.org/index.php/AMS/article/download/537/470","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087258049","display_name":"Francis O. Edoziuno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-9142","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3579-9142"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802029997","display_name":"Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi-Uku","ror":"https://ror.org/03j28nn17","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802029997"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis Odikpo Edoziuno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802029997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052297888","display_name":"B.U. Odoni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802029997","display_name":"Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi-Uku","ror":"https://ror.org/03j28nn17","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802029997"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Ufuoma Odoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802029997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048148835","display_name":"Francis Ireti Alo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28653996","display_name":"Adekunle Ajasin University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e27p903","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28653996"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45711476","display_name":"Obafemi Awolowo University","ror":"https://ror.org/04snhqa82","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45711476"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis Ireti Alo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28653996","https://openalex.org/I45711476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004806363","display_name":"Cynthia C. Nwaeju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-3651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-3651"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403928225","display_name":"Nigeria Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/04peych45","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403928225"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Chinasa Nwaeju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nigerian Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403928225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8686,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69368535,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"54","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10717","display_name":"Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10717","display_name":"Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.022199999541044235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12362","display_name":"Tribology and Wear Analysis","score":0.0215000007301569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-sliding-wear","display_name":"dry sliding wear","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aluminum-matrix-composites","display_name":"aluminum matrix composites","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aa6063-aluminum-alloy","display_name":"AA6063 aluminum alloy","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-wear-rate","display_name":"specific wear rate","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructural-features","display_name":"microstructural features","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-size","display_name":"grain size","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stir-casting","display_name":"stir casting","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-fiber-reinforcement","display_name":"natural fiber reinforcement","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wear-resistance","display_name":"wear resistance","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8513302206993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162681261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384836","display_name":"Tribometer","level":3,"score":0.7275107502937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6986377239227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.6799179911613464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777021569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7128104","display_name":"Palm kernel","level":3,"score":0.6196391582489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513153333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663","display_name":"Aluminium","level":2,"score":0.5525849461555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5164094567298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.5137587785720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65590680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909482","display_name":"Volume fraction","level":2,"score":0.5062205195426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77017923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912313","display_name":"Optical microscope","level":3,"score":0.4583728611469269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16635281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496098","display_name":"Casting","level":2,"score":0.4502890408039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37756","display_name":"Alloy","level":2,"score":0.4428967237472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2230313","display_name":"Shell (structure)","level":2,"score":0.4399172365665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983445633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617224","display_name":"Wear resistance","level":2,"score":0.4231402575969696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.3553568720817566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.23065534234046936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167310744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193870","display_name":"Tribology","level":2,"score":0.18939879536628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988237154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231458","display_name":"Palm oil","level":2,"score":0.07054498791694641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36547/ams.26.2.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","pdf_url":"https://journals.scicell.org/index.php/AMS/article/download/537/470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174685","display_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","issn_l":"1335-1532","issn":["1335-1532","1338-1156"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/6eke9-rr147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/6eke9-rr147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/6eke9-rr147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/nhgfx-c7018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/nhgfx-c7018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/nhgfx-c7018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36547/ams.26.2.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.2.537","pdf_url":"https://journals.scicell.org/index.php/AMS/article/download/537/470","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174685","display_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","issn_l":"1335-1532","issn":["1335-1532","1338-1156"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Metallurgica Slovaca","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3036070525.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3036070525.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130121857","https://openalex.org/W605949847","https://openalex.org/W1931430591","https://openalex.org/W1989955532","https://openalex.org/W1990210635","https://openalex.org/W2049515831","https://openalex.org/W2061971433","https://openalex.org/W2078946254","https://openalex.org/W2088692610","https://openalex.org/W2136373790","https://openalex.org/W2138318401","https://openalex.org/W2149752313","https://openalex.org/W2217669720","https://openalex.org/W2273690151","https://openalex.org/W2296068681","https://openalex.org/W2326035353","https://openalex.org/W2343848611","https://openalex.org/W2564083039","https://openalex.org/W2741237073","https://openalex.org/W2889882186","https://openalex.org/W2890288081","https://openalex.org/W2903646854","https://openalex.org/W2945792041","https://openalex.org/W2965160186","https://openalex.org/W2975244436","https://openalex.org/W2987766866","https://openalex.org/W2994037648","https://openalex.org/W2999570096","https://openalex.org/W3018108468","https://openalex.org/W3138005210","https://openalex.org/W4206570186","https://openalex.org/W4229825989","https://openalex.org/W4237043710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281558615","https://openalex.org/W2398523473","https://openalex.org/W4213230588","https://openalex.org/W2325755027","https://openalex.org/W3160371642","https://openalex.org/W2048271643","https://openalex.org/W4372361378","https://openalex.org/W2606742201","https://openalex.org/W4283066529","https://openalex.org/W7220014634"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59],"wear":[1,90,127,136],"resistance":[2,137],"and":[3,40,51,88,100,125],"microstructural":[4,57,154],"features":[5,155],"of":[6,17,63,71,112,142,152,156],"aluminum":[7],"AA6063":[8,74],"based":[9],"composites":[10,66,122,158],"reinforced":[11,131],"with":[12,132],"seven":[13],"different":[14],"mass":[15],"fractions":[16],"palm":[18],"kernel":[19],"shell":[20],"particles":[21],"(0,":[22],"2.5,":[23],"5,":[24],"7.5,":[25],"10,":[26],"12.5":[27],"&":[28],"15wt%)":[29],"fabricated":[30],"by":[31],"stir-casting,":[32],"were":[33,67],"characterized":[34],"using":[35],"pin-on-disk":[36],"tribometer,":[37],"optical":[38],"microscope,":[39],"ImageJ":[41,43],"package.":[42],"particle":[44,49],"analysis":[45,147],"revealed":[46],"both":[47],"the":[48,55,65,72,85,104,121,143,153,157],"size":[50],"shape":[52],"descriptors":[53],"for":[54],"composites'":[56],"features.":[58],"average":[60],"grain":[61],"sizes":[62],"all":[64],"higher":[68],"than":[69,140],"that":[70,84,141],"unreinforced":[73,144],"matrix.":[75],"Wear":[76],"tests":[77],"conducted":[78],"under":[79],"dry":[80],"sliding":[81],"condition":[82],"show":[83],"volume":[86,123],"reduction":[87],"specific":[89,126],"rate":[91],"increased":[92],"to":[93,103],"a":[94,117,149],"maximum":[95],"at":[96,107],"5wt%":[97],"PKS":[98,113,134],"addition":[99,111],"then":[101],"decreased":[102],"lowest":[105],"level":[106],"10wt%":[108,115,133],"PKS.":[109],"Subsequent":[110],"above":[114],"yielded":[116],"further":[118],"increase":[119],"in":[120],"loss":[124],"rate.":[128],"Composite":[129],"sample":[130],"exhibited":[135],"response":[138],"better":[139],"alloy.":[145],"Image":[146],"afforded":[148],"comprehensive":[150],"understanding":[151],"which":[159],"influenced":[160],"their":[161],"behaviors.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-06-25T00:00:00"}