{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035834978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","title":"A New Non-invasive Technique for Measuring 3D-Oxygen Gradients in Wells During Mammalian Cell Culture","display_name":"A New Non-invasive Technique for Measuring 3D-Oxygen Gradients in Wells During Mammalian Cell Culture","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035834978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","mag":"3035834978","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32626696","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7313265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058599035","display_name":"Carlos Julio Peniche Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-8269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-8269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carlos J. Peniche Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071125540","display_name":"Gregor Liebsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5473-4466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5473-4466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101163","display_name":"PreSens Precision Sensing (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/018qv1e85","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Liebsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert J. Meier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101163","display_name":"PreSens Precision Sensing (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/018qv1e85","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056831569","display_name":"Martin S. Gutbrod","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101163","display_name":"PreSens Precision Sensing (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/018qv1e85","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin S. Gutbrod","raw_affiliation_strings":["PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, Regensburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086683339","display_name":"Elizabeth Rosado Balmayor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0484-4847","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0484-4847"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth R. Balmayor","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039164555","display_name":"Martijn van Griensven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5104-9881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5104-9881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martijn van Griensven","raw_affiliation_strings":["cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058599035"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.1716,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71539245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"595","last_page":"595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.6685000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.6685000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10631","display_name":"Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism","score":0.1388999968767166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.027699999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-partial-pressure","display_name":"oxygen partial pressure","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-oxygen-measurement","display_name":"noninvasive oxygen measurement","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption-rate","display_name":"oxygen consumption rate","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a549-cells","display_name":"A549 cells","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-density","display_name":"cell density","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-diffusion","display_name":"oxygen diffusion","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-respiration","display_name":"cellular respiration","score":0.515999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.6668549180030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.6525804996490479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993207723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927803","display_name":"Oxygen tension","level":3,"score":0.5756499767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89169090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593204","display_name":"Limiting oxygen concentration","level":3,"score":0.5543258190155029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.5392109155654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.43310412764549255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62112901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189159","display_name":"Cell growth","level":2,"score":0.4263523817062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.41017404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33618396520614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2760677933692932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.14795255661010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7313265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7313265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:32626696","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32626696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:openaire/9a8dbbc1-78bf-4653-aea0-bd3603d6a7cc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/9a8dbbc1-78bf-4653-aea0-bd3603d6a7cc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Peniche Silva, C J, Liebsch, G, Meier, R J, Gutbrod, M S, Balmayor, E R & van Griensven, M 2020, 'A New Non-invasive Technique for Measuring 3D-Oxygen Gradients in Wells During Mammalian Cell Culture', Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, vol. 8, 595. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4f133ff57f524ccc9e9024bad7e1c4ca","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4f133ff57f524ccc9e9024bad7e1c4ca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 8 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:um:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:publications/9a8dbbc1-78bf-4653-aea0-bd3603d6a7cc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/9a8dbbc1-78bf-4653-aea0-bd3603d6a7cc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 8:595. Frontiers Media S.A.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3131714870","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1163-15","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321450","funder_display_name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4228417169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"57299294","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","funder_display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320983","display_name":"Queensland University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03pnv4752"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321016","display_name":"Universiteit Maastricht","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321450","display_name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/00emnts94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035834978.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035834978.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1410635717","https://openalex.org/W1639607645","https://openalex.org/W1963558489","https://openalex.org/W1963622795","https://openalex.org/W1966536689","https://openalex.org/W1969477390","https://openalex.org/W1971023078","https://openalex.org/W1987777080","https://openalex.org/W1988357840","https://openalex.org/W1991372299","https://openalex.org/W2004255262","https://openalex.org/W2007955051","https://openalex.org/W2014177895","https://openalex.org/W2020646942","https://openalex.org/W2053094047","https://openalex.org/W2058271829","https://openalex.org/W2058650090","https://openalex.org/W2065863985","https://openalex.org/W2071905990","https://openalex.org/W2082018404","https://openalex.org/W2089916504","https://openalex.org/W2091415443","https://openalex.org/W2093360935","https://openalex.org/W2097259163","https://openalex.org/W2113200402","https://openalex.org/W2115635469","https://openalex.org/W2121248812","https://openalex.org/W2137583250","https://openalex.org/W2146202727","https://openalex.org/W2150419930","https://openalex.org/W2158107118","https://openalex.org/W2158940873","https://openalex.org/W2166378641","https://openalex.org/W2170473240","https://openalex.org/W2175985062","https://openalex.org/W2285724889","https://openalex.org/W2301699141","https://openalex.org/W2311892490","https://openalex.org/W2543262968","https://openalex.org/W2740634418","https://openalex.org/W2751450686","https://openalex.org/W2762502468","https://openalex.org/W2791403374","https://openalex.org/W2793889527","https://openalex.org/W2896573442","https://openalex.org/W2962831809","https://openalex.org/W2966730488","https://openalex.org/W2967424190","https://openalex.org/W6636758241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7143515154","https://openalex.org/W2626906842","https://openalex.org/W2129290612","https://openalex.org/W2007955051","https://openalex.org/W1955231609","https://openalex.org/W4296371994","https://openalex.org/W1855449264","https://openalex.org/W2808321019","https://openalex.org/W7098308781","https://openalex.org/W2055076633"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oxygen":[0],"tension":[1],"plays":[2],"an":[3,131],"important":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,78,156,221,296,312,320,330],"overall":[7],"cell":[8,16,47,71,73,84,110,117,151,180,184,223,231,245,252,301,325],"function":[9],"and":[10,15,282,329],"fate,":[11],"regulating":[12],"gene":[13],"expression,":[14],"differentiation.":[17],"Although":[18],"there":[19],"is":[20,31,51,107],"extensive":[21],"literature":[22,298],"available":[23],"that":[24,58,106,187,228,241,257],"supports":[25],"the":[26,46,60,83,102,143,159,167,183,191,194,197,216,219,251,259,273,279,283,291,297],"previous":[27],"statement,":[28],"little":[29],"information":[30],"to":[32,54,57,128,165,215,227,239,271,309,315],"be":[33,55,310],"found":[34,305],"about":[35],"accurate":[36],"O2":[37,43,201,212],"measurements":[38],"during":[39,49,109,171],"culture.":[40,172],"In":[41,88],"fact,":[42],"concentration":[44,249],"at":[45],"layer":[48,253],"culture":[50,79,85,111,144,208,326],"commonly":[52],"assumed":[53],"equal":[56],"of":[59,82,115,146,182,207,218,229,258,278,286,323],"incubator":[61,260],"atmosphere.":[62,261],"This":[63,153],"assumption":[64],"does":[65],"not":[66],"consider":[67],"oxygen":[68,104,132,168,198,248,264,274,317],"diffusion":[69],"properties,":[70],"type,":[72],"density,":[74],"media":[75],"composition,":[76],"time":[77],"nor":[80],"height":[81],"medium":[86],"column.":[87],"this":[89,120,300],"study,":[90],"we":[91,122,304],"developed":[92],"a":[93,113,124,324,331],"non-invasive,":[94],"optical":[95],"sensor":[96,134],"foil-based":[97],"technique":[98],"suitable":[99],"for":[100,299],"measuring":[101],"3D":[103,125],"gradient":[105,169,202,265,318],"formed":[108],"as":[112],"result":[114],"normal":[116],"respiration.":[118],"For":[119],"propose,":[121],"created":[123],"printed":[126],"ramp":[127],"which":[129],"surface":[130],"optode":[133],"foil":[135],"was":[136,174,236,254,269],"attached.":[137],"The":[138,200,262],"ramps":[139,195],"were":[140,188],"positioned":[141],"inside":[142],"wells":[145,322],"24":[147],"well":[148,220],"plate":[149,192,327],"prior":[150],"seeding.":[152],"set":[154,307],"up":[155,308],"conjunction":[157],"with":[158,176,196,243],"VisiSens":[160],"TD":[161],"camera":[162],"system":[163],"allows":[164],"investigate":[166],"formation":[170,319],"Cultivation":[173],"performed":[175],"three":[177],"different":[178],"initial":[179],"densities":[181],"line":[185],"A549":[186,280],"seeded":[189],"on":[190],"containing":[193],"sensors.":[199],"obtained":[203,263,284],"after":[204,266],"96":[205,267],"hours":[206,268],"showed":[209],"significantly":[210],"lower":[211,230,255],"concentrations":[213],"closer":[214],"bottom":[217],"high":[222],"density":[224,232,246],"cultures":[225],"compared":[226],"cultures.":[233],"Furthermore,":[234],"it":[235],"very":[237],"interesting":[238],"observe":[240],"even":[242],"low":[244],"culture,":[247],"near":[250],"than":[256],"used":[270],"calculate":[272],"consumption":[275],"rate":[276],"(OCR)":[277],"cells,":[281],"value":[285,293],"approximately":[287],"100":[288],"fmol/h/cell":[289],"matches":[290],"OCR":[292],"already":[294],"reported":[295],"line.":[302],"Moreover,":[303],"our":[306],"unique":[311],"its":[313],"ability":[314],"measure":[316],"several":[321],"simultaneously":[328],"non-invasive":[332],"manner.":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-06-25T00:00:00"}
