{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034572793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","title":"Study on Etiological Factors, Clinical Pattern and Comorbidities in Cerebral Palsy Children of North Bihar Region","display_name":"Study on Etiological Factors, Clinical Pattern and Comorbidities in Cerebral Palsy Children of North Bihar Region","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034572793","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","mag":"3034572793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14260/jemds/2020/294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170031","display_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","issn_l":"2278-4748","issn":["2278-4748","2278-4802"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614713","host_organization_name":"Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614713"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3034572793"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104074421","display_name":"Anil Kumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710275","display_name":"Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01bjya005","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083739155","display_name":"Kripa Nath Mishra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710275","display_name":"Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01bjya005","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kripa Nath Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics , DMCH , Laheriasarai , Darbhanga - 846003 , Bihar , India","Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics , DMCH , Laheriasarai , Darbhanga - 846003 , Bihar , India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022051573","display_name":"Sanjay Kumar Nirala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1665-5704","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1665-5704"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710275","display_name":"Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01bjya005","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Kumar Nirala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044207454","display_name":"Prashant Gaurav","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710275","display_name":"Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01bjya005","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Gaurav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038424780","display_name":"Randhir Kumar Mishra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710275","display_name":"Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01bjya005","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randhir Kumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710275"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026352790","display_name":"Jaimala Jaimala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaimala Jaimala","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"16","first_page":"1349","last_page":"1353"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11184","display_name":"Neonatal and fetal brain pathology","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12552","display_name":"Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-palsy","display_name":"cerebral palsy","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etiology","display_name":"etiology","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neonatal-asphyxia","display_name":"neonatal asphyxia","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preterm-birth","display_name":"preterm birth","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spastic-cerebral-palsy","display_name":"spastic cerebral palsy","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-patterns","display_name":"clinical patterns","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"epilepsy","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-disorders","display_name":"speech disorders","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-impairment","display_name":"motor impairment","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-bihar","display_name":"North Bihar","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darbhanga","display_name":"Darbhanga","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrapartum-asphyxia","display_name":"intrapartum asphyxia","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neonatal-sepsis","display_name":"neonatal sepsis","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/purulent-meningitis","display_name":"purulent meningitis","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracranial-hemorrhage","display_name":"intracranial hemorrhage","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-factors","display_name":"genetic factors","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.915766716003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779421357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210427","display_name":"Cerebral palsy","level":2,"score":0.9029606580734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.7115540504455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6490530967712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.6315277218818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779914510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193840","display_name":"Asphyxia","level":2,"score":0.6170032024383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777629866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473739","display_name":"Chorioamnionitis","level":4,"score":0.5627395510673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.4811081290245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779373520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1235888","display_name":"Birth trauma","level":3,"score":0.4504953622817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781026528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48143","display_name":"Meningitis","level":2,"score":0.431648313999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020110884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695416","display_name":"Outpatient clinic","level":2,"score":0.41665270924568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.24078017473220825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.24050867557525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.17890489101409912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14644795656204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10313543677330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14260/jemds/2020/294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170031","display_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","issn_l":"2278-4748","issn":["2278-4748","2278-4802"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614713","host_organization_name":"Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614713"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14260/jemds/2020/294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/294","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170031","display_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","issn_l":"2278-4748","issn":["2278-4748","2278-4802"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322614713","host_organization_name":"Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614713"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Akshantala Enterprises Private Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034572793.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034572793.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W153029195","https://openalex.org/W1996552779","https://openalex.org/W2001916863","https://openalex.org/W2004244968","https://openalex.org/W2034443943","https://openalex.org/W2070508173","https://openalex.org/W2073279228","https://openalex.org/W2088991220","https://openalex.org/W2094789350","https://openalex.org/W2102164397","https://openalex.org/W2114423679","https://openalex.org/W2114998036","https://openalex.org/W2489637427","https://openalex.org/W2551923607","https://openalex.org/W2802853640","https://openalex.org/W2883001712","https://openalex.org/W4205626688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2810381654","https://openalex.org/W2114998036","https://openalex.org/W6911695311","https://openalex.org/W2915216914","https://openalex.org/W2951211702","https://openalex.org/W2489637427","https://openalex.org/W2930608148","https://openalex.org/W2161952342","https://openalex.org/W7128961612","https://openalex.org/W1606530895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUNDCerebral":[0],"palsy":[1,62,85,95],"(CP)":[2,63],"is":[3,11,50,64,86,96,124,314],"a":[4,12,32,65,87,97,210,315],"form":[5],"chronic":[6],"motor":[7,73],"disability":[8,90,292],"in":[9,44,69,140,157,169,272,275,279,330,352,363],"children.It":[10],"nonprogressive":[13],"disorder":[14,66],"of":[15,25,36,67,72,100,121,145,154,172,189,203,219,230,320],"posture":[16],"and":[17,23,28,52,93,106,118,143,161,200,225,249,261,277,308,317,329,346,358],"movement,":[18],"often":[19],"associated":[20,150,281],"with":[21,282,354],"epilepsy":[22],"abnormalities":[24,71],"speech,":[26],"vision":[27],"intellect.It":[29],"results":[30],"from":[31,81,182,195],"defect":[33],"or":[34,40,43],"lesion":[35],"growing":[37],"brain":[38,49],"before":[39],"during":[41],"birth":[42,233],"postnatal":[45],"period.The":[46],"damage":[47],"to":[48,83,108,126,151,185,198,216,366],"permanent":[51],"cannot":[53],"be":[54,60,149],"cured":[55],"but":[56],"the":[57,76,132,141,170,325,349],"consequences":[58],"can":[59],"minimized.Cerebral":[61],"development":[68],"which":[70],"function":[74],"are":[75,361],"main":[77],"characteristic":[78],"features.Severity":[79],"varies":[80],"mild":[82],"severe.Cerebral":[84],"very":[88],"challenging":[89],"for":[91],"parents":[92],"professionals.Cerebral":[94],"heterogeneous":[98],"group":[99],"disorders":[101,300],"caused":[102],"by":[103],"intrapartum":[104],"asphyxia":[105,234,313],"exposure":[107],"maternal":[109],"infection":[110],"such":[111,364],"as":[112],"chorioamnionitis,":[113],"sepsis,":[114],"urinary":[115],"tract":[116],"infection,":[117],"prematurity.The":[119],"incidence":[120,142],"Cerebral":[122,191],"Palsy":[123,192],"2":[125],"2.5":[127],"per":[128],"1000":[129],"live":[130],"births.During":[131],"past":[133],"twenty":[134],"years,":[135],"there":[136],"have":[137],"been":[138],"increases":[139],"prevalence":[144],"CP":[146,213,231,283],"that":[147],"may":[148],"enhanced":[152],"records":[153],"cases,":[155,253],"advances":[156],"neonatal":[158,243],"health":[159],"care":[160],"other":[162],"factors.":[163],"METHODSThis":[164],"cross-sectional":[165],"study":[166,209],"was":[167,221,270,324,335],"conducted":[168],"Department":[171],"Paediatrics,":[173],"Darbhanga":[174],"Medical":[175],"College":[176],"&":[177],"Hospital,":[178],"Laheriasarai,":[179],"Darbhanga,":[180],"Bihar,":[181],"October":[183],"2018":[184],"September":[186],"2019.A":[187],"total":[188,211],"100":[190,212],"cases":[193],"coming":[194],"various":[196],"districts":[197],"inpatient":[199],"outpatient":[201],"department":[202],"hospital":[204],"were":[205,223,227,265,285,348],"selected.":[206],"RESULTSIn":[207],"this":[208],"children":[214,353,365],"up":[215],"12":[217],"years":[218],"age":[220],"included.60%":[222],"boys":[224],"40%":[226],"girls.The":[228],"causes":[229],"included":[232],"(47%),":[235],"prematurity":[236],"(22%),":[237],"pyogenic":[238],"meningitis":[239],"(8%),":[240],"genetic":[241],"(7%),":[242],"sepsis":[244],"(6%),":[245],"intracranial":[246],"bleed":[247],"(5%),":[248],"idiopathic":[250],"(5%).Among":[251],"these":[252],"spastic":[254,331],"type":[255,323,328],"(65%),":[256],"ataxic":[257],"(15%),":[258],"dyskinetic":[259],"(10%)":[260,263],"mixed":[262],"varieties":[264],"found.Among":[266],"spastic,":[267],"quadriplegic":[268,333],"subtype":[269,334],"seen":[271],"69%,":[273],"diplegia":[274],"23%,":[276],"hemiplegia":[278],"8%.Comorbidities":[280],"patients":[284],"speech":[286,339],"problem":[287],"(80%),":[288],"pain":[289],"(75%),":[290],"cognitive":[291,342],"(50%),":[293],"hip":[294,344],"displacement":[295,345],"(30%),":[296],"seizure":[297,347],"(25%),":[298,301],"behavioural":[299],"sleep":[302],"disturbances":[303],"(20%),":[304],"visual":[305],"impairment":[306,310],"(19%)":[307],"hearing":[309],"(4%).":[311],"CONCLUSIONSPerinatal":[312],"leading":[316],"preventable":[318],"cause":[319],"cerebral":[321,355],"palsy.Spastic":[322],"most":[326,336],"common":[327],"type,":[332],"common.Mental":[337],"retardation,":[338],"problems,":[340],"pain,":[341],"disability,":[343],"major":[350],"co-morbidities":[351],"palsy.Early":[356],"diagnosis":[357],"appropriate":[359],"management":[360],"important":[362],"limit":[367],"morbidity.":[368]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2020-06-19T00:00:00"}