{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3032864869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","title":"The road to fusion: The evolution of bilingual speech across three generations of speakers in Gibraltar","display_name":"The road to fusion: The evolution of bilingual speech across three generations of speakers in Gibraltar","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3032864869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","mag":"3032864869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1367006920922436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71689608","display_name":"International Journal of Bilingualism","issn_l":"1367-0069","issn":["1367-0069","1756-6878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1743107/1/EG_rev_oct31.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086803663","display_name":"Eugenio Goria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-8961","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-8961"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eugenio Goria","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Turin, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086803663"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3005,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88860504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"384","last_page":"400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.8119999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.8119999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12341","display_name":"Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies","score":0.09640000015497208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14006","display_name":"Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity","score":0.058800000697374344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-mixing","display_name":"code-mixing","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"fusion","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-english-bilingualism","display_name":"Spanish-English bilingualism","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gibraltar","display_name":"Gibraltar","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-group","display_name":"age groups","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-repertoire","display_name":"linguistic repertoire","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociolinguistic-change","display_name":"sociolinguistic change","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingualism","display_name":"multilingualism","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7008466124534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.540210485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5131285786628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5017123222351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778473898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145110","display_name":"Repertoire","level":2,"score":0.49230706691741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.4738647937774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.46281445026397705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49876356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002651","display_name":"Neuroscience of multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.44590723514556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26826806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438358","display_name":"Alternation (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44230949878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4282502233982086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29668471217155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20015478134155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1367006920922436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006920922436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71689608","display_name":"International Journal of Bilingualism","issn_l":"1367-0069","issn":["1367-0069","1756-6878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bilingualism","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unito.it:2318/1743107","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1743107","pdf_url":"https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1743107/1/EG_rev_oct31.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400637","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","host_organization_name":"University of Turin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unito.it:2318/1743107","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1743107","pdf_url":"https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/1743107/1/EG_rev_oct31.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400637","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","host_organization_name":"University of Turin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3032864869.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3032864869.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66314829","https://openalex.org/W141748262","https://openalex.org/W160926524","https://openalex.org/W578792251","https://openalex.org/W591150956","https://openalex.org/W614619830","https://openalex.org/W1497101494","https://openalex.org/W1554232590","https://openalex.org/W1568965297","https://openalex.org/W1911315034","https://openalex.org/W1975550459","https://openalex.org/W1993365614","https://openalex.org/W2011957947","https://openalex.org/W2023456589","https://openalex.org/W2026997813","https://openalex.org/W2027719453","https://openalex.org/W2029329989","https://openalex.org/W2032383994","https://openalex.org/W2037097377","https://openalex.org/W2049907881","https://openalex.org/W2061272101","https://openalex.org/W2071029309","https://openalex.org/W2104746633","https://openalex.org/W2210276706","https://openalex.org/W2271161780","https://openalex.org/W2326813597","https://openalex.org/W2487468871","https://openalex.org/W2494977720","https://openalex.org/W2600566248","https://openalex.org/W2767712885","https://openalex.org/W2915325853","https://openalex.org/W2946940662","https://openalex.org/W3031361632","https://openalex.org/W3185240611","https://openalex.org/W4213227954","https://openalex.org/W4240298715","https://openalex.org/W4241834849","https://openalex.org/W4248019368","https://openalex.org/W4301420590","https://openalex.org/W4388122583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975550459","https://openalex.org/W7128969121","https://openalex.org/W3194640545","https://openalex.org/W7011253592","https://openalex.org/W6959006979","https://openalex.org/W1700145082","https://openalex.org/W602290318","https://openalex.org/W2022854059","https://openalex.org/W2033597069","https://openalex.org/W154466774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aims":[0],"and":[1,30,52,108,158,232,276],"objectives:":[2],"This":[3,36,94,193,216],"article":[4],"analyses":[5],"English\u2013Spanish":[6],"code-mixing":[7,242],"in":[8,18,73,88,104,140,200,211,243],"Gibraltar.":[9],"I":[10,148],"describe":[11],"the":[12,69,77,81,89,100,141,201,204,212,218,224,228,237,260,264,268,271,280],"distribution":[13,153],"of":[14,33,42,55,80,83,91,102,117,121,145,179,203,230,236,263,273],"clause-peripheral":[15],"alternation":[16],"patterns":[17],"order":[19],"to":[20,67,127,187,221,227],"demonstrate":[21],"that":[22,85,163,183,239],"there":[23],"is":[24,37,217,233],"a":[25,40,47,115,247],"correlation":[26,48,269],"between":[27,49,270],"single":[28],"age-groups":[29],"particular":[31,53],"types":[32],"bilingual":[34,56,124,135],"patterns.":[35],"interpreted":[38,196],"as":[39,197],"case":[41,229],"fusion.":[43],"Methodology:":[44],"By":[45],"seeking":[46],"age":[50,155],"groups":[51],"instances":[54],"speech,":[57],"this":[58,105,244,274],"study":[59,111,220],"adopts":[60],"an":[61,96],"apparent-time":[62],"perspective.":[63,250],"Furthermore,":[64],"it":[65],"tries":[66],"combine":[68],"quantitative":[70,248],"methodology":[71],"adopted":[72],"sociolinguistic":[74],"studies":[75],"with":[76,123,168,177],"theoretical":[78],"tools":[79],"sociology":[82],"language":[84],"are":[86],"involved":[87],"description":[90],"linguistic":[92,213],"repertoires.":[93],"provides":[95],"important":[97],"key":[98],"for":[99],"interpretation":[101],"fusion":[103,199,225,265],"scenario.":[106],"Data":[107],"analysis:":[109],"The":[110,160,252],"was":[112],"based":[113],"on":[114,259],"corpus":[116],"nearly":[118],"20":[119],"h":[120],"interviews":[122],"speakers":[125,165,174],"belonging":[126],"three":[128,132],"age-groups.":[129],"After":[130],"identifying":[131],"qualitatively":[133],"different":[134],"patterns,":[136],"which":[137],"mainly":[138],"differed":[139],"presence":[142],"or":[143,190],"absence":[144],"pragmatic":[146],"functions,":[147],"took":[149],"into":[150],"account":[151],"their":[152],"across":[154],"groups.":[156],"Findings":[157],"conclusions:":[159],"results":[161],"showed":[162],"elderly":[164],"were":[166,175,184],"associated":[167,176],"pragmatically":[169],"motivated":[170],"code-switching,":[171],"while":[172],"younger":[173],"cases":[178],"single-word":[180],"peripheral":[181],"switches":[182],"not":[185],"related":[186],"any":[188],"discourse-":[189],"participant-related":[191],"function.":[192],"may":[194],"be":[195],"incipient":[198],"periphery":[202],"clause,":[205],"possibly":[206],"determined":[207],"by":[208],"recent":[209],"changes":[210],"repertoire.":[214],"Originality:":[215],"first":[219],"have":[222],"applied":[223],"framework":[226],"Gibraltar":[231],"also":[234],"one":[235],"few":[238],"has":[240],"analysed":[241],"scenario":[245],"from":[246],"corpus-based":[249],"Significance:":[251],"data":[253],"presented":[254],"here":[255],"shed":[256],"new":[257],"light":[258],"early":[261],"stages":[262],"process,":[266],"highlighting":[267],"onset":[272],"phenomenon":[275],"macro-sociolinguistic":[277],"processes":[278],"involving":[279],"community.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2020-06-05T00:00:00"}