{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3028503752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","title":"Fatalism, Beliefs, and Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic","display_name":"Fatalism, Beliefs, and Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3028503752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","mag":"3028503752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w27245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085778936","display_name":"Jesper Akesson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-9793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-9793"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142793","display_name":"The Behaviouralist (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/039grkz57","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jesper Akesson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","The Behavioralist United Kingdom","University of Oxford United Kingdom","University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Behavioralist United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067056748","display_name":"Sam Ashworth-Hayes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142793","display_name":"The Behaviouralist (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/039grkz57","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Ashworth-Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","The Behavioralist United Kingdom","University of Oxford United Kingdom","University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Behavioralist United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101917530","display_name":"Robert W. Hahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-7221","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-7221","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-5628"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142793","display_name":"The Behaviouralist (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/039grkz57","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Hahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","The Behavioralist United Kingdom","University of Oxford United Kingdom","University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Behavioralist United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037222817","display_name":"Robert Metcalfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1244-8094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1244-8094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142793","display_name":"The Behaviouralist (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/039grkz57","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Metcalfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","The Behavioralist United Kingdom","University of Oxford United Kingdom","University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Behavioralist United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083915079","display_name":"Itzhak Rasooly","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142793","display_name":"The Behaviouralist (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/039grkz57","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itzhak Rasooly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","The Behavioralist United Kingdom","University of Oxford United Kingdom","University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90007 and NBER","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Behavioralist United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford and Technology Policy Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":106,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11573","display_name":"Risk Perception and Management","score":0.34940001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11573","display_name":"Risk Perception and Management","score":0.34940001368522644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13979","display_name":"Communication and COVID-19 Impact","score":0.27079999446868896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.1445000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatalism","display_name":"fatalism","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-updating","display_name":"belief updating","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-information","display_name":"expert information","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-perception","display_name":"risk perception","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protective-behavior","display_name":"protective behavior","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic-policy","display_name":"pandemic policy","score":0.5580000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66071079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29253","display_name":"Fatalism","level":2,"score":0.9490683078765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.8384902477264404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8029575347900391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.576827883720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.576666533946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40495777130126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.31903356313705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.22115960717201233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20868146419525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.17348214983940125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.0656534731388092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.05997955799102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.05001896619796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3386/w27245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w27245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597243189","https://openalex.org/W1982271591","https://openalex.org/W1984330977","https://openalex.org/W2047128557","https://openalex.org/W2048481507","https://openalex.org/W2097286857","https://openalex.org/W2117694682","https://openalex.org/W2125829561","https://openalex.org/W2130779321","https://openalex.org/W2132553681","https://openalex.org/W2153705320","https://openalex.org/W2154129242","https://openalex.org/W2523363236","https://openalex.org/W2585292421","https://openalex.org/W2613648890","https://openalex.org/W2884916186","https://openalex.org/W2885599406","https://openalex.org/W2887482084","https://openalex.org/W2897019906","https://openalex.org/W2955393176","https://openalex.org/W3004425213","https://openalex.org/W3006642361","https://openalex.org/W3009155494","https://openalex.org/W3009375780","https://openalex.org/W3012809680","https://openalex.org/W3013114250","https://openalex.org/W3014934384","https://openalex.org/W3015719445","https://openalex.org/W3019148645","https://openalex.org/W3020990796","https://openalex.org/W3024590565","https://openalex.org/W3025759152","https://openalex.org/W3034723979","https://openalex.org/W3094930618","https://openalex.org/W3115835480","https://openalex.org/W3121671550","https://openalex.org/W3121947816","https://openalex.org/W3122013459","https://openalex.org/W3123615408","https://openalex.org/W3123641503","https://openalex.org/W3124816341","https://openalex.org/W3125447167","https://openalex.org/W3125549452","https://openalex.org/W3134540644","https://openalex.org/W4253629159","https://openalex.org/W4292002007"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6944059556","https://openalex.org/W7056718242","https://openalex.org/W3177413943","https://openalex.org/W6944249371","https://openalex.org/W3034065458","https://openalex.org/W3181958611","https://openalex.org/W4252817373","https://openalex.org/W3163474958","https://openalex.org/W3172966482","https://openalex.org/W4386913293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Little":[0],"is":[1],"known":[2],"about":[3,88],"how":[4],"people's":[5],"beliefs":[6,87],"concerning":[7],"the":[8,56,59,69,89,91,99,112,122,133],"Coronavirus":[9],"Disease":[10],"2019":[11],"(COVID-19)":[12],"influence":[13],"their":[14,86],"behavior.To":[15],"shed":[16],"light":[17],"on":[18],"this,":[19],"we":[20,110],"conduct":[21],"an":[22],"online":[23],"experiment":[24],"(n":[25],"=":[26],"3,610)":[27],"with":[28,81],"US":[29],"and":[30,71,125],"UK":[31],"residents.Participants":[32],"are":[33,49,103],"randomly":[34],"allocated":[35],"to":[36,41,76,104],"a":[37,108,116],"control":[38],"group":[39],"or":[40],"one":[42],"of":[43,55,58,73],"two":[44],"treatment":[45,47],"groups.The":[46],"groups":[48],"shown":[50],"upperor":[51],"lower-bound":[52],"expert":[53,77,82],"estimates":[54],"infectiousness":[57,72],"virus.We":[60],"present":[61],"three":[62],"main":[63],"empirical":[64],"findings.First,":[65],"individuals":[66],"dramatically":[67],"overestimate":[68],"dangerousness":[70],"COVID-19":[74,97],"relative":[75],"opinion.Second,":[78],"providing":[79],"people":[80,94],"information":[83],"partially":[84],"corrects":[85],"virus.Third,":[90],"more":[92],"infectious":[93],"believe":[95],"that":[96,119],"is,":[98],"less":[100],"willing":[101],"they":[102],"take":[105],"protective":[106],"measures,":[107],"finding":[109],"dub":[111],"\"fatalism":[113],"effect\".We":[114],"develop":[115],"formal":[117],"model":[118],"can":[120],"explain":[121],"fatalism":[123],"effect":[124],"discuss":[126],"its":[127],"implications":[128],"for":[129],"optimal":[130],"policy":[131],"during":[132],"pandemic.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-05-29T00:00:00"}