{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3027805083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","title":"Entrepreneurial finance journeys: embeddedness and the finance escalator","display_name":"Entrepreneurial finance journeys: embeddedness and the finance escalator","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3027805083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","mag":"3027805083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34941771","display_name":"Venture Capital","issn_l":"1369-1066","issn":["1369-1066","1464-5343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Venture Capital","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076169541","display_name":"Ekaterina Murzacheva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-4436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-4436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ekaterina Murzacheva","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Portsmouth","Portsmouth Business School, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-4436","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Portsmouth","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Portsmouth Business School, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015655090","display_name":"Jonathan Levie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-8351","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-8351"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","display_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","ror":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Levie","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Ireland Galway","J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3073-8351","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Ireland Galway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076169541"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92874097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"185","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14464","display_name":"Community Development and Social Impact","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-finance","display_name":"entrepreneurial finance","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embeddedness","display_name":"embeddedness","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-embeddedness","display_name":"social embeddedness","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-embeddedness","display_name":"spatial embeddedness","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-embeddedness","display_name":"institutional embeddedness","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-stage-investment","display_name":"early-stage financing","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financing-decisions","display_name":"financing decisions","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scotland","display_name":"Scotland","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63063934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079747","display_name":"Embeddedness","level":2,"score":0.8636927604675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.6492933034896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380747","display_name":"Entrepreneurial finance","level":3,"score":0.6094585657119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5895377397537231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.5303208231925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21279758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219409","display_name":"Venture capital","level":2,"score":0.4950091242790222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.4873853325843811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4794527590274811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4675765335559845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4330797791481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3191300928592682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2431207001209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1649148166179657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34941771","display_name":"Venture Capital","issn_l":"1369-1066","issn":["1369-1066","1464-5343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Venture Capital","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/188136/","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144925","host_organization_name":"Technological University Dublin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144925"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aran.library.nuigalway.ie/:10379/15984","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie:10379/15984","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:veecee:v:22:y:2020:i:2:p:185-214","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/13691066.2020.1767756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.universityofgalway.ie:10379/15984","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055151","display_name":"University of Galway Research Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aran.library.nuigalway.ie/:10379/15984","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10379/15984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196322","display_name":"ARAN (University of Galway Research Repository) (Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I188760350","host_organization_name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe \u2013 University of Galway","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188760350"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":107,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24273336","https://openalex.org/W104183342","https://openalex.org/W128107805","https://openalex.org/W212776514","https://openalex.org/W238210069","https://openalex.org/W580369797","https://openalex.org/W655256701","https://openalex.org/W1506150625","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1552697621","https://openalex.org/W1556808170","https://openalex.org/W1565936300","https://openalex.org/W1631532608","https://openalex.org/W1714723801","https://openalex.org/W1727522607","https://openalex.org/W1840376042","https://openalex.org/W1860081313","https://openalex.org/W1911548306","https://openalex.org/W1959348850","https://openalex.org/W1965891434","https://openalex.org/W1966565904","https://openalex.org/W1972343825","https://openalex.org/W1976868103","https://openalex.org/W1991569309","https://openalex.org/W1999216122","https://openalex.org/W2002779084","https://openalex.org/W2009108522","https://openalex.org/W2017370934","https://openalex.org/W2021365718","https://openalex.org/W2022275529","https://openalex.org/W2026459934","https://openalex.org/W2029794973","https://openalex.org/W2030182948","https://openalex.org/W2030529505","https://openalex.org/W2032933072","https://openalex.org/W2034230396","https://openalex.org/W2035713844","https://openalex.org/W2037138395","https://openalex.org/W2037955071","https://openalex.org/W2038790402","https://openalex.org/W2040114575","https://openalex.org/W2041490461","https://openalex.org/W2043504801","https://openalex.org/W2052685735","https://openalex.org/W2052941182","https://openalex.org/W2068769119","https://openalex.org/W2070252611","https://openalex.org/W2077429086","https://openalex.org/W2080597390","https://openalex.org/W2082563645","https://openalex.org/W2085129558","https://openalex.org/W2088048385","https://openalex.org/W2092563193","https://openalex.org/W2093973421","https://openalex.org/W2095264030","https://openalex.org/W2101532688","https://openalex.org/W2101723434","https://openalex.org/W2102385576","https://openalex.org/W2105382916","https://openalex.org/W2119780569","https://openalex.org/W2135509167","https://openalex.org/W2145573821","https://openalex.org/W2152841784","https://openalex.org/W2153389575","https://openalex.org/W2157615429","https://openalex.org/W2158879080","https://openalex.org/W2167928095","https://openalex.org/W2196732060","https://openalex.org/W2234426828","https://openalex.org/W2265454813","https://openalex.org/W2289348555","https://openalex.org/W2329223578","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W2336258700","https://openalex.org/W2400794682","https://openalex.org/W2460794116","https://openalex.org/W2484968498","https://openalex.org/W2506618771","https://openalex.org/W2520709190","https://openalex.org/W2520725055","https://openalex.org/W2522531262","https://openalex.org/W2523008618","https://openalex.org/W2575678410","https://openalex.org/W2586165309","https://openalex.org/W2593903086","https://openalex.org/W2601503595","https://openalex.org/W2757055930","https://openalex.org/W2765221624","https://openalex.org/W2769015746","https://openalex.org/W2770050121","https://openalex.org/W2776713892","https://openalex.org/W2808679962","https://openalex.org/W2810293898","https://openalex.org/W2906151105","https://openalex.org/W2909621526","https://openalex.org/W2933605307","https://openalex.org/W2935009127","https://openalex.org/W2969475614","https://openalex.org/W3121147769","https://openalex.org/W3122153419","https://openalex.org/W3125024235","https://openalex.org/W3125026888","https://openalex.org/W4211181318","https://openalex.org/W4244070597","https://openalex.org/W4298413470","https://openalex.org/W4388114315","https://openalex.org/W6605270297"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201525967","https://openalex.org/W2062965241","https://openalex.org/W7164974900","https://openalex.org/W7125908812","https://openalex.org/W3096127858","https://openalex.org/W4395078729","https://openalex.org/W2901177836","https://openalex.org/W4390701741","https://openalex.org/W96382502","https://openalex.org/W4392134770"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"re-visits":[2],"the":[3,7,33,65],"traditional":[4],"model":[5],"of":[6,23,38,52,57,67,93],"finance":[8,114],"escalator,":[9],"which":[10,121],"outlines":[11],"alternative":[12],"financial":[13,39,83],"pathways":[14],"for":[15],"entrepreneurs":[16,53,78],"depending":[17],"on":[18,26],"their":[19],"aspirations":[20],"and":[21,29,35,71,95],"stage":[22],"development.":[24],"Building":[25],"social,":[27],"spatial":[28],"institutional":[30],"embeddedness":[31],"perspectives,":[32],"dynamic":[34],"interactional":[36],"challenges":[37],"decisions":[40],"are":[41,124],"captured":[42],"through":[43],"an":[44],"exploratory":[45],"interpretivist":[46],"approach.":[47],"Ten":[48],"early":[49],"funding":[50,74],"journeys":[51],"in":[54],"Scotland,":[55],"all":[56,79],"whom":[58],"sought":[59,81],"external":[60,96],"funding,":[61],"were":[62],"scrutinized":[63],"with":[64],"objective":[66],"revealing":[68],"motivations,":[69],"reasoning,":[70],"patterns":[72],"behind":[73],"decisions.":[75],"Surprisingly,":[76],"these":[77,122],"initially":[80],"value-added":[82],"capital,":[84],"but":[85],"issues":[86],"including":[87],"control":[88],"(perceived":[89],"as":[90],"ownership),":[91],"speed":[92],"access,":[94],"environmental":[97],"pressures":[98],"caused":[99],"them":[100],"to":[101,120],"accept":[102],"offers":[103],"(often":[104],"unsolicited)":[105],"from":[106],"familiar":[107],"sources.":[108],"As":[109],"a":[110,112],"result,":[111],"revised":[113],"escalator":[115],"is":[116,127],"proposed.":[117],"The":[118],"extent":[119],"findings":[123],"context":[125],"specific":[126],"discussed.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2020-05-29T00:00:00"}