{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3024499397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","title":"Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis","display_name":"Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3024499397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","mag":"3024499397","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27116718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1055/s-0036-1579739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144243704","display_name":"Seminars in Neurology","issn_l":"0271-8235","issn":["0271-8235","1098-9021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seminars in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-126720","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082829489","display_name":"Mireia Sospedra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-7423","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-7423"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mireia Sospedra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423","https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054950406","display_name":"Roland Martin\ua749","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-1329","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-1329"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roland Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Neuroimmunology and MS Research, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423","https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054950406"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423","https://openalex.org/I4210100468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":225,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99170377,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"02","first_page":"115","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system","display_name":"central nervous system","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla-dr15","display_name":"HLA-DR15","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-risk-factors","display_name":"genetic risk factors","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-risk-factors","display_name":"environmental risk factors","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-immune-response","display_name":"adaptive immune response","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoreactive-t-cells","display_name":"autoreactive T cells","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cells","display_name":"B cells","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoantibodies","display_name":"autoantibodies","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microglia","display_name":"microglia","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lesion-localization","display_name":"lesion localization","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-heterogeneity","display_name":"disease heterogeneity","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"neuroimaging","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-course","display_name":"clinical course","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.8584216833114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.7226755619049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6732705235481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6544941663742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779075594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8084905","display_name":"Autoimmune disease","level":3,"score":0.5558343529701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.5214523673057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.46827128529548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.45605820417404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192360","display_name":"Autoimmunity","level":3,"score":0.4447312653064728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.3136049211025238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.14333271980285645}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001327","descriptor_name":"Autoimmune Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002490","descriptor_name":"Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009103","descriptor_name":"Multiple Sclerosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059810","descriptor_name":"HLA-DR Serological Subtypes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1055/s-0036-1579739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144243704","display_name":"Seminars in Neurology","issn_l":"0271-8235","issn":["0271-8235","1098-9021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320000","host_organization_name":"Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seminars in Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27116718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27116718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seminars in neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:126720","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/126720/1/Sospedra%20Immunology%20of%20MS%20Semin%20Neurol.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/126720/1/Sospedra%20Immunology%20of%20MS%20Semin%20Neurol.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sospedra, Mireia; Martin, Roland (2016). Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis. Seminars in Neurology, 36(02):115-127.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:20.500.14742/121721","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/handle/20.500.14742/121721","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sospedra, M., & Martin, R. (2016). Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis. Seminars in Neurology, 36, 115\u2013127. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1579739","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-126720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-126720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-126720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-126720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-126720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-126720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9074000120162964}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W117933203","https://openalex.org/W2148194655","https://openalex.org/W1986766905","https://openalex.org/W1574490756","https://openalex.org/W2100561704","https://openalex.org/W309185717","https://openalex.org/W2079447938","https://openalex.org/W14773617","https://openalex.org/W2467838336","https://openalex.org/W7211895592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"sclerosis":[1],"(MS)":[2],"is":[3,58],"considered":[4],"a":[5,84,127],"prototypic":[6],"autoimmune":[7,53,107],"disease":[8,143],"of":[9,47,79,98,115,118,133],"the":[10,20,24,45,75,89,106,130,134],"central":[11],"nervous":[12],"system":[13],"(CNS).":[14],"A":[15,96],"complex":[16],"genetic":[17,26],"background":[18],"with":[19,91],"HLA-DR15":[21],"haplotype":[22],"as":[23,37,39,113],"main":[25],"risk":[27,35],"factor":[28],"and":[29,65,72,94,101,121,145,147],"over":[30],"100":[31],"mostly":[32],"immune-related":[33],"minor":[34],"alleles":[36],"well":[38],"several":[40],"environmental":[41],"factors":[42,111],"contribute":[43,104],"to":[44,51,105,149],"etiology":[46],"MS.":[48],"With":[49],"respect":[50],"pathomechanisms,":[52],"inflammation":[54],"in":[55,88,129],"early":[56],"MS":[57,80],"primarily":[59],"mediated":[60],"by":[61,83],"adaptive":[62],"immune":[63,86,99],"responses":[64],"involves":[66],"autoreactive":[67],"T":[68],"cells,":[69,71],"B":[70],"antibodies,":[73],"while":[74],"later,":[76],"chronic":[77],"stages":[78],"are":[81],"characterized":[82],"compartmentalized":[85],"response":[87,148],"CNS":[90],"activated":[92],"microglia":[93],"macrophages.":[95],"host":[97],"cells":[100],"mediators":[102],"can":[103],"process,":[108],"but":[109],"CNS-related":[110],"such":[112],"localization":[114],"lesions,":[116],"vulnerability":[117],"oligodendrocytes,":[119],"neurons/axons,":[120],"secondary":[122],"metabolic":[123],"changes":[124],"all":[125],"play":[126],"role":[128],"heterogeneous":[131],"expression":[132],"disease,":[135],"including":[136],"different":[137],"pathologic":[138],"lesion":[139],"patterns,":[140],"neuroimaging":[141],"findings,":[142],"courses,":[144],"severity":[146],"treatment.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-05-21T00:00:00"}
