{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3023923910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","title":"Proinflammatory Cytokines","display_name":"Proinflammatory Cytokines","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3023923910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","mag":"3023923910","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10936147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1378/chest.118.2.503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76900504","display_name":"CHEST Journal","issn_l":"0012-3692","issn":["0012-3692","1931-3543"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chest","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W3023923910"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028234430","display_name":"Charles Anthony Dinarello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-8316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-8316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087413","display_name":"University of Colorado Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0107w4315","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles A. Dinarello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA","From the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028234430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087413"],"apc_list":{"value":4160,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4160},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.028,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2145,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"118","issue":"2","first_page":"503","last_page":"508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6601999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.6601999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14165","display_name":"Inflammation biomarkers and pathways","score":0.21480000019073486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.06790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1","display_name":"interleukin-1","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-cytokine-therapy","display_name":"anti-cytokine therapy","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/septic-shock","display_name":"septic shock","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis","display_name":"sepsis","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soluble-tnf-receptors","display_name":"soluble TNF receptors","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1-receptor-antagonist","display_name":"interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protease-inhibitors","display_name":"protease inhibitors","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-bowel-disease","display_name":"inflammatory bowel disease","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graft-versus-host-disease","display_name":"graft-versus-host disease","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-response-to-infection","display_name":"host response to infection","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164027704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491837","display_name":"Proinflammatory cytokine","level":3,"score":0.9417085647583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8227154016494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6357479691505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.6337963342666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.590807318687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778122271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410943","display_name":"Receptor antagonist","level":4,"score":0.48402923345565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4824865162372589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.4563066065311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149892131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14914156","display_name":"Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist","level":5,"score":0.4540387988090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187255","display_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","level":2,"score":0.4361165761947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.3797905147075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245204","display_name":"Antagonist","level":3,"score":0.23226428031921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1810125708580017}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000893","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007375","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014409","descriptor_name":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018121","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Cytokine","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018121","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Cytokine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1378/chest.118.2.503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.2.503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76900504","display_name":"CHEST Journal","issn_l":"0012-3692","issn":["0012-3692","1931-3543"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chest","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10936147","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10936147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chest","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G508098258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI\u201115614","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518828758","https://openalex.org/W1570011224","https://openalex.org/W1607578883","https://openalex.org/W1912340568","https://openalex.org/W1967413976","https://openalex.org/W1967578063","https://openalex.org/W1968213454","https://openalex.org/W1968328677","https://openalex.org/W1970958250","https://openalex.org/W1973293243","https://openalex.org/W1973766879","https://openalex.org/W1976424894","https://openalex.org/W1988563171","https://openalex.org/W1989216416","https://openalex.org/W1998160288","https://openalex.org/W2000862967","https://openalex.org/W2012421057","https://openalex.org/W2021359687","https://openalex.org/W2027081114","https://openalex.org/W2028527050","https://openalex.org/W2034829165","https://openalex.org/W2046950192","https://openalex.org/W2055098644","https://openalex.org/W2062747143","https://openalex.org/W2076918198","https://openalex.org/W2078136106","https://openalex.org/W2080071635","https://openalex.org/W2081372125","https://openalex.org/W2088712966","https://openalex.org/W2092330976","https://openalex.org/W2160100702","https://openalex.org/W2167212079","https://openalex.org/W2257159758","https://openalex.org/W2395290316","https://openalex.org/W4313347854","https://openalex.org/W6712129460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018931269","https://openalex.org/W161712090","https://openalex.org/W2403800171","https://openalex.org/W143317579","https://openalex.org/W17630582","https://openalex.org/W181431488","https://openalex.org/W2011790029","https://openalex.org/W1978281312","https://openalex.org/W2005211946","https://openalex.org/W4200537701"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":106},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":114},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":119},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":128},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":128},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":97},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":90},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":103},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":102},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":128},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":70}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2020-05-13T00:00:00"}