{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3022420728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","title":"Dry Bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L.] Growth and Yield Response to Variable Irrigation in the Arid to Semi-Arid Climate","display_name":"Dry Bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L.] Growth and Yield Response to Variable Irrigation in the Arid to Semi-Arid Climate","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3022420728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","mag":"3022420728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12093851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3851/pdf?version=1589423641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3851/pdf?version=1589423641","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016784809","display_name":"Abhijit Rai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhijit Rai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Ag Research Center, Montana State University, 3710 Assinniboine Road, Havre, MT 59501-8412, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Ag Research Center, Montana State University, 3710 Assinniboine Road, Havre, MT 59501-8412, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041801259","display_name":"Vivek Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8092-4355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8092-4355"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109149021","display_name":"Jim Heitholt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Heitholt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Sciences, Powell Research and Extension Center, University of Wyoming, 747 Road 9, Powell, WY 82435, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences, Powell Research and Extension Center, University of Wyoming, 747 Road 9, Powell, WY 82435, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041801259"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"fwci":3.5217,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91930538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"3851","last_page":"3851"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-beans","display_name":"dry beans","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-bean","display_name":"Phaseolus vulgaris","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deficit-irrigation","display_name":"deficit irrigation","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-yield","display_name":"seed yield","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-components","display_name":"yield components","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-height","display_name":"plant height","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"leaf area index","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"NDVI","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-degree-days","display_name":"growing degree days","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-yield-model","display_name":"empirical yield model","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arid-and-semi-arid-climates","display_name":"arid and semi-arid climates","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-management","display_name":"irrigation management","score":0.6669999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776286235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310438","display_name":"Phaseolus","level":2,"score":0.8601897954940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.8368504643440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137776501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208270","display_name":"Point of delivery","level":2,"score":0.7951260805130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.591319739818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.554942786693573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.536709189414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.5187785625457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.4983530044555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019322551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379813","display_name":"Dry bean","level":3,"score":0.4958852231502533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.48697909712791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.476694792509079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43894630670547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195092306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3777161","display_name":"Deficit irrigation","level":4,"score":0.43089181184768677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150668497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104870826","display_name":"Dry weight","level":2,"score":0.4242640733718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112077630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623678","display_name":"Irrigation management","level":3,"score":0.3556293249130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3460216820240021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3332076072692871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09913793206214905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12093851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3851/pdf?version=1589423641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3851-:d:355523","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3851/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a293d33745e745ce8146f025478ac5bb","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a293d33745e745ce8146f025478ac5bb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 3851, p 3851 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su12093851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093851","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/9/3851/pdf?version=1589423641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6207165966","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WYO-590-18","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3022420728.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3022420728.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200372252","https://openalex.org/W1501885464","https://openalex.org/W1522889096","https://openalex.org/W1963661858","https://openalex.org/W1970004911","https://openalex.org/W1997477738","https://openalex.org/W2021954052","https://openalex.org/W2025405968","https://openalex.org/W2031149265","https://openalex.org/W2031395637","https://openalex.org/W2033729134","https://openalex.org/W2035846049","https://openalex.org/W2035894992","https://openalex.org/W2037151444","https://openalex.org/W2042999648","https://openalex.org/W2054110893","https://openalex.org/W2055877965","https://openalex.org/W2058586753","https://openalex.org/W2060390077","https://openalex.org/W2063607939","https://openalex.org/W2066842909","https://openalex.org/W2069364083","https://openalex.org/W2077167738","https://openalex.org/W2105874120","https://openalex.org/W2108099129","https://openalex.org/W2115522681","https://openalex.org/W2116635928","https://openalex.org/W2119824424","https://openalex.org/W2144101476","https://openalex.org/W2150280820","https://openalex.org/W2150767545","https://openalex.org/W2157760685","https://openalex.org/W2193357993","https://openalex.org/W2219133945","https://openalex.org/W2270734341","https://openalex.org/W2324955919","https://openalex.org/W2483805244","https://openalex.org/W2497180407","https://openalex.org/W2552257739","https://openalex.org/W2597773740","https://openalex.org/W2607925297","https://openalex.org/W2780341520","https://openalex.org/W2782445515","https://openalex.org/W2790052115","https://openalex.org/W2794062624","https://openalex.org/W2957440837"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206501483","https://openalex.org/W3195611239","https://openalex.org/W2000164034","https://openalex.org/W2050751655","https://openalex.org/W3198798332","https://openalex.org/W3155216604","https://openalex.org/W2031149265","https://openalex.org/W2045578760","https://openalex.org/W2748170200","https://openalex.org/W2027864876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"the":[1,11,46,125,128,151,163,197],"crop":[2,14,129],"growth":[3,58,95,130,132,139,156,201,213],"and":[4,10,16,28,36,72,82,87,96,100,117,140,142,157,194,203,215,217,225,237,243],"yield":[5,70,73,101,218],"response":[6],"to":[7,44,88,153],"variable":[8,49],"irrigation":[9,25,50,104,109,167],"relationship":[12],"between":[13,92,200],"eco-physiological":[15],"morphological":[17],"parameters":[18],"is":[19],"critical":[20],"for":[21,33,38,245],"identifying":[22],"a":[23,145,189,209],"balanced":[24],"management":[26,247],"strategy":[27],"developing":[29],"decision":[30],"support":[31],"systems":[32],"early":[34],"detection":[35],"information":[37,234],"on-ground":[39],"decisions.":[40,248],"Experiments":[41],"were":[42,120],"conducted":[43],"evaluate":[45],"effect":[47],"of":[48,127,177],"treatments":[51,105],"on":[52,162],"dry":[53,93,137,239],"bean":[54,94,138,240],"[Phaseolus":[55],"vulgaris":[56],"L.]":[57],"traits":[59,202,214],"(plant":[60],"height,":[61],"leaf":[62],"area":[63],"index,":[64],"normalized":[65],"difference":[66],"vegetation":[67],"index),":[68],"seed":[69],"(SY),":[71],"components":[74,219],"(pods":[75],"plant\u22121,":[76],"seeds":[77],"pod\u22121,":[78],"100-seed":[79],"weight":[80],"(SW),":[81],"pod":[83],"harvest":[84],"index":[85],"(PHI))":[86],"develop":[89],"empirical":[90,198,226],"models":[91,199,227],"environmental":[97],"conditions,":[98],"SY,":[99],"components.":[102],"Five":[103],"i.e.,":[106],"FIT":[107,119,171],"(full":[108],"treatment),":[110],"125%":[111],"FIT,":[112,114,116],"75%":[113],"50%":[115],"25%":[118,169],"investigated.":[121],"Water":[122],"deficit":[123],"at":[124],"beginning":[126],"[vegetative":[131],"(V1-V2)":[133],"stage],":[134],"dramatically":[135],"reduced":[136,160],"development":[141],"resulted":[143,172],"in":[144,148,173,179,183,191,229,235],"significant":[146],"reduction":[147,176,182],"SY.":[149,180],"However,":[150],"degree":[152,205],"which":[154],"vegetative":[155],"SY":[158,184,216,241],"was":[159,185],"depends":[161],"weather":[164],"conditions.":[165],"Reducing":[166],"by":[168],"below":[170],"an":[174],"average":[175],"30%":[178],"This":[181],"significantly":[186],"correlated":[187],"with":[188],"decline":[190],"pods":[192],"plant\u22121":[193],"SW.":[195],"Moreover,":[196],"growing":[204],"days":[206],"(GDD)":[207],"have":[208],"strong":[210],"correlation,":[211],"while":[212],"are":[220],"moderately":[221],"correlated.":[222],"The":[223],"data":[224],"presented":[228],"this":[230],"research":[231],"provide":[232],"valuable":[233],"predicting":[236],"estimating":[238],"in-season":[242],"allow":[244],"corrective":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-05-13T00:00:00"}
