{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3018843258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","title":"An Improved Multiple Hypothesis Solution Separation Algorithm for GNSS Anti-Spoofing","display_name":"An Improved Multiple Hypothesis Solution Separation Algorithm for GNSS Anti-Spoofing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3018843258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","mag":"3018843258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608062","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Aided Education (ICISCAE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 2nd International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Aided Education (ICISCAE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112570961","display_name":"Tao Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-5433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-5433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003511813","display_name":"Ping Nie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036518716","display_name":"Junren Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-1933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-1933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junren Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039356348","display_name":"Zun Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-7043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8599-7043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zun niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020274552","display_name":"Xin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-6042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-6042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103873972","display_name":"Bocheng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3710-3950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3710-3950","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2675-448X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bocheng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29638454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"199","last_page":"203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13487","display_name":"Statistical and numerical algorithms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoofing-detection","display_name":"anti-spoofing","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-protection-level","display_name":"vertical protection level","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-cost-reduction","display_name":"computational complexity reduction","score":0.7210000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167900197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081100","display_name":"Spoofing attack","level":2,"score":0.9467699527740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.9238064289093018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6759085655212402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6486532688140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.5989885926246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.4831775724887848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4734725058078766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.45786052942276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.44251981377601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4403766691684723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.4285173714160919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3552626967430115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19988194108009338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16155365109443665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14677762985229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13178110122680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iciscae48440.2019.221617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608062","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Aided Education (ICISCAE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 2nd International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Aided Education (ICISCAE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550817798","https://openalex.org/W1557560302","https://openalex.org/W1558685142","https://openalex.org/W1824580093","https://openalex.org/W1943499898","https://openalex.org/W1997426533","https://openalex.org/W2095190812","https://openalex.org/W2159470227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3033154971","https://openalex.org/W4200133566","https://openalex.org/W4407479965","https://openalex.org/W4386920507","https://openalex.org/W2756684097","https://openalex.org/W3008505113","https://openalex.org/W4282947079","https://openalex.org/W4413918592","https://openalex.org/W3080858038","https://openalex.org/W4282963016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Navigation":[1],"Satellite":[2],"System":[3],"(GNSS)":[4],"has":[5,21,40,51,130],"penetrated":[6],"into":[7,103],"many":[8],"civil":[9],"applications":[10],"from":[11],"the":[12,26,30,33,37,43,46,74,93,101,108,120,125,131,135,142,146,152],"original":[13],"customized":[14],"military":[15],"navigation":[16],"and":[17,72,106,171],"positioning":[18],"services,":[19],"which":[20],"resulted":[22],"tremendous":[23],"improvements":[24],"in":[25,167],"corresponding":[27],"fields.":[28],"At":[29],"same":[31],"time,":[32],"growing":[34],"complexity":[35],"of":[36,45,115,144,159],"electromagnetic":[38],"environment":[39],"continuously":[41],"challenged":[42],"stability":[44],"GNSS.":[47],"Therefore,":[48],"anti-spoofing":[49,62],"technology":[50],"triggered":[52],"increasing":[53],"research":[54],"enthusiasm.":[55],"In":[56,80],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,86,99],"propose":[60],"an":[61],"algorithm":[63,133,154,164],"that":[64],"improves":[65],"multiple":[66],"hypothesis":[67],"solution":[68],"separation":[69],"(MHSS)":[70],"method":[71],"integrates":[73],"least":[75],"square":[76],"residual":[77],"(LSR)":[78],"method.":[79],"our":[81],"improved":[82],"MHSS":[83],"(IMHSS)":[84],"algorithm,":[85],"first":[87],"apply":[88],"LSR":[89],"to":[90,118,156],"determine":[91],"whether":[92],"potential":[94],"spoofing":[95,121,147,170,173],"signal":[96,122],"exists,":[97],"then":[98],"divide":[100],"satellites":[102],"different":[104],"subsets":[105],"design":[107],"relative":[109],"vertical":[110],"protection":[111],"level":[112],"(VPL)":[113],"value":[114],"each":[116],"subset":[117],"identify":[119],"by":[123],"selecting":[124],"optimal":[126],"subset.":[127],"Not":[128],"only":[129],"IMHSS":[132,153],"reduced":[134],"computational":[136],"complexity,":[137],"but":[138],"also":[139],"it":[140],"guarantees":[141],"success":[143],"removing":[145],"signal.":[148],"We":[149],"experimentally":[150],"show":[151],"compared":[155],"strong":[157],"baseline":[158],"suggestion":[160],"range":[161],"consensus":[162],"(S-RANCO)":[163],"is":[165],"effective":[166],"both":[168],"single-satellite":[169],"multi-satellite":[172],"scenarios.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2020-05-01T00:00:00"}