{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016716644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","title":"CLLU1, a Novel Molecular Marker for Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","display_name":"CLLU1, a Novel Molecular Marker for Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016716644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","mag":"3016716644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081161234","display_name":"Danelle Frances James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-8960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-8960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039236","display_name":"Moores Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01qkmtm61","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danelle James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045142036","display_name":"Esther Avery","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039236","display_name":"Moores Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01qkmtm61","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther D Avery","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010336471","display_name":"Laura Z. Rassenti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039236","display_name":"Moores Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01qkmtm61","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Rassenti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036828560","display_name":"Thomas J. Kipps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039236","display_name":"Moores Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01qkmtm61","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas J. Kipps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moores UCSD Cancer Center, CLL Research Consortium, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4390039236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050120044","display_name":"Anne Mette Buhl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802709434","display_name":"Rigshospitalet","ror":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19","country_code":"DK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802567020","https://openalex.org/I2802709434","https://openalex.org/I4210145385"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Mette Buhl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802709434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45746266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"112","issue":"11","first_page":"3158","last_page":"3158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10185","display_name":"Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10950","display_name":"Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia","display_name":"chronic lymphocytic leukemia","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurable-residual-disease","display_name":"minimal residual disease","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-markers","display_name":"molecular markers","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"gene expression","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse-detection","display_name":"relapse detection","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-monitoring","display_name":"treatment response monitoring","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow","display_name":"bone marrow","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells","display_name":"peripheral blood mononuclear cells","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta2-microglobulin","display_name":"beta2-microglobulin","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-rt-pcr","display_name":"real-time RT-PCR","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunoglobulin-heavy-chain-gene-rearrangement","display_name":"immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement","score":0.5799999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777938653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088156","display_name":"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia","level":3,"score":0.8830453157424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779823535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865356","display_name":"Minimal residual disease","level":3,"score":0.8399875164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81089528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5134986","display_name":"clone (Java method)","level":3,"score":0.5821363925933838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5798577070236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.5219120979309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778461978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29496","display_name":"Leukemia","level":2,"score":0.5169596076011658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781071720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5113979","display_name":"Chronic leukemia","level":4,"score":0.5117942690849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.47252777218818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.4469371438026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.43659693002700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777609679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5971015","display_name":"IGHV@","level":4,"score":0.42375117540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20169833302497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.18660753965377808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776863199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976388","display_name":"Acute leukemia","level":3,"score":0.13983067870140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.07435178756713867}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3158.3158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1832105008","https://openalex.org/W2435333749","https://openalex.org/W2781715502","https://openalex.org/W2088934767","https://openalex.org/W4379512751","https://openalex.org/W2193060933","https://openalex.org/W4225965704","https://openalex.org/W2803847303","https://openalex.org/W2958355556","https://openalex.org/W2072441151"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,115,653],"eradication":[2],"of":[3,44,64,78,87,108,118,131,153,234,282,298,309,320,344,346,397,424,433,456,471,478,484,521,551,581,586,597,620,637,640,655,673,727,736,790,799],"minimal":[4],"residual":[5,241,446,608],"disease":[6,29,242,377,447],"(MRD)":[7],"in":[8,71,102,138,143,158,170,222,258,331,361,378,405,416,448,504,524,553,589,600,650,658,669,684,700,707,718,729,747,763,770,781,792],"chronic":[9],"lymphocytic":[10],"leukemia":[11,228,552],"(CLL)":[12],"patients":[13,26,45,98,156,223,255,316,356,374,487],"is":[14,73,126,603],"associated":[15,474],"with":[16,27,301,324,375,453,475,610,704,725,767,788],"improved":[17],"progression":[18],"free":[19],"and":[20,59,99,180,230,288,306,353,408,527,549,575,583,643],"overall":[21],"survival,":[22],"when":[23,458],"compared":[24,459],"to":[25,111,198,358,460,530,681,686,722,734,744,749,785,797],"detectable":[28,221,415],"following":[30],"therapy.":[31,675],"Unfortunately,":[32],"the":[33,85,112,119,151,161,187,194,205,232,280,283,294,332,362,364,379,384,417,428,440,449,518,525,531,554,573,584,590,601,615,645,659,693,701,719,730,756,764,782,793],"assays":[34,89],"that":[35,90,211,261,612],"allow":[36],"for":[37,95,175,204,265,442,444,499,606,617,629,634,647],"MRD":[38,69,266,325,334,360,401,463,490,500,522,582,631,687,705,728,750,768,791],"detection,":[39],"such":[40],"as":[41,303,313,556,661],"PCR":[42],"analysis":[43,160,250],"specific":[46,605],"immunoglobulin":[47],"heavy":[48],"chain":[49],"rearrangements,":[50],"or":[51,81,147,219,243],"multiparametric":[52],"multi-color":[53],"flow":[54,330,338,404,462,560,691,754],"cytometry":[55],"are":[56],"expensive,":[57],"cumbersome,":[58],"require":[60],"a":[61,248,307,318,342,422,454,476,482,505,542,569,594,662,670],"high":[62],"level":[63,367,387,432],"technical":[65],"expertise.":[66],"As":[67],"such,":[68],"assessment":[70,464,619,688,751],"CLL":[72,97,113,139,155,171,206,609],"not":[74,142,220,414],"routinely":[75],"employed":[76,93],"outside":[77],"specialized":[79],"centers":[80],"clinical":[82,104,259,506,671,737,800],"studies.":[83],"Therefore,":[84],"development":[86],"new":[88],"can":[91],"be":[92,107,199,216,666],"uniformly":[94],"all":[96,396,621],"easily":[100],"implemented":[101],"general":[103],"practice":[105],"would":[106],"great":[109],"benefit":[110],"community.":[114],"expression":[116,133,163,177,189,213,431],"pattern":[117],"CLLU1":[120,132,162,176,195,212,236,366,386,411,430,443,508,533,546,587,598,656,678,698,716,741,761,779],"gene":[121,124,547],"(CLL":[122],"Upregulated":[123],"1)":[125],"extremely":[127],"restricted:":[128],"elevated":[129,235],"levels":[130,164,190,214,412,509,548,588,599,657,679,683,699,717,742,746,762,780],"has":[134],"only":[135],"been":[136],"detected":[137],"patient":[140,172],"samples,":[141],"any":[144],"other":[145],"tissue":[146],"cell":[148,276],"line.":[149],"In":[150,393,592,623],"majority":[152],"untreated":[154],"followed":[157,184],"longitudinal":[159],"were":[165,191,257,413,510,528],"stable":[166],"over":[167,709,772],"time.":[168],"Furthermore,":[169],"samples":[173,277],"analyzed":[174,289],"before":[178],"treatment":[179,182],"after":[181],"response":[183,322],"by":[185,268,290,327,336,381,402,496,558,689,752],"relapse,":[186,642],"CLLU":[188],"similar.":[192],"Hence,":[193],"status":[196],"appears":[197],"an":[200],"intrinsic,":[201],"constant":[202],"parameter":[203],"clone.":[207],"We":[208,246,566],"therefore":[209],"hypothesized":[210],"will":[215,665],"very":[217],"low":[218],"who":[224,256,488],"have":[225,359,567],"experienced":[226],"complete":[227],"eradication,":[229],"likewise":[231],"persistence":[233],"levels,":[237],"should":[238],"indicate":[239],"persistent":[240],"relapsed":[244],"leukemia.":[245],"performed":[247],"retrospective":[249],"on":[251,341,465,512,695,758],"cryopreserved":[252],"specimens":[253,515],"from":[254,272,692,755],"remissions":[260,492],"underwent":[262,317,493],"marrow":[263,284,380,407,450,497,526,555,579,618,648,694,708,731,757,771,794],"biopsies":[264],"evaluation":[267,580,596,649],"4-color":[269,337,382,403,461,559,690,753],"flow.":[270],"RNA":[271],"peripheral":[273,409,418,513],"blood":[274,419,514,602,660,702,720,765,783],"mononuclear":[275],"collected":[278],"at":[279,517,712,775],"time":[281,520],"biopsy":[285,498],"was":[286,339,368,388,451,473],"extracted":[287],"realtime":[291],"RT-PCR":[292],"using":[293],"comparative":[295],"Ct":[296],"method":[297,628],"relative":[299],"quantification":[300,585],"b2-microglobulin":[302],"endogenous":[304],"control":[305],"pool":[308],"purified":[310],"normal":[311,434],"B-lymphocytes":[312],"calibrator.":[314],"Seventeen":[315],"total":[319],"26":[321],"evaluations":[323,540,711,774],"assessed":[326,557],"4":[328],"color":[329],"marrow.":[333,466],"negativity":[335],"based":[340],"threshold":[343,470],"detection":[345,639],"0.1%":[347],"leukocytes":[348],"expressing":[349],"CD5,":[350],"CD19,":[351],"CD20,":[352],"CD79b.":[354],"For":[355,373],"found":[357],"marrow,":[363],"mean":[365,385,429],"34.7":[369],"(95%":[370,390],"CI":[371,391],"5.03\u201364.38).":[372],"undetectable":[376],"flow,":[383],"0.07":[389],"0.02\u20130.14).":[392],"3":[394],"cases,":[395],"which":[398,426],"demonstrated":[399,568],"<0.10%":[400],"both":[406],"blood,":[410],"samples.":[420],"Using":[421],"cutoff":[423],"0.5,":[425],"represents":[427],"PBMCs":[435],"(n=3)":[436],"+2":[437],"standard":[438],"deviations,":[439],"sensitivity":[441,477,611],"detecting":[445,607,630],"73.3%":[452],"specificity":[455,483],"100%":[457],"A":[467],"more":[468],"conservative":[469],"1.0":[472],"60%":[479],"while":[480,502],"maintaining":[481],"100%.":[485],"Six":[486],"achieved":[489],"negative":[491],"serial":[494,635,710,773],"surveillance":[495],"determination":[501,523],"remaining":[503],"remission.":[507],"determined":[511],"obtained":[516],"same":[519],"normalized":[529,680,743],"individual\u2019s":[532],"pretreatment":[534],"value":[535],"(see":[536],"figure).":[537],"Sixteen":[538],"paired":[539],"revealed":[541],"strong":[543,570],"correlation":[544,571],"between":[545,572],"extent":[550],"(spearman\u2019s":[561],"rho=0.8613,":[562],"p-value":[563],"<":[564],"0.0001).":[565],"invasive":[574],"technically":[576],"challenging":[577],"bone":[578],"blood.":[591],"addition,":[593],"one-time":[595],"highly":[604],"might":[613],"preclude":[614],"need":[616,646],"patients.":[622,652],"summary,":[624],"this":[625],"novel":[626],"molecular":[627],"holds":[632],"promise":[633],"monitoring":[636,663,706,769],"MRD,":[638],"early":[641],"obviating":[644],"some":[651],"utility":[654],"strategy":[664],"prospectively":[667],"evaluated":[668],"study":[672],"consolidation":[674],"Figure":[676],"demonstrates":[677,740],"pretreatement":[682,745],"relationship":[685,748],"log":[696,759],"scales.":[697,760],"correlate":[703,766],"different":[713,776],"therapeutic":[714,777],"assessments.":[715,778],"begin":[721,784],"increase":[723,786],"along":[724,787],"relapse":[726,789],"(0.4%)":[732,795],"prior":[733,796],"evidence":[735,798],"relapse.":[738,801],"Figure.":[739]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-04-24T00:00:00"}