{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016482685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","title":"Teachers Are People Too: Examining the Racial Bias of Teachers Compared to Other American Adults","display_name":"Teachers Are People Too: Examining the Racial Bias of Teachers Compared to Other American Adults","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016482685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","mag":"3016482685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3102/0013189x20912758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55175622","display_name":"Educational Researcher","issn_l":"0013-189X","issn":["0013-189X","1935-102X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Researcher","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078248372","display_name":"Jordan G. Starck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-1283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5503-1283"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordan G. Starck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002101940","display_name":"Travis Riddle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8160-3986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8160-3986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Travis Riddle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088600115","display_name":"Stacey A. Sinclair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0101-6410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0101-6410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacey Sinclair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004759369","display_name":"Natasha Kumar Warikoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-3448","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-3448"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Warikoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts University, Medford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts University, Medford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004759369"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":45.7141,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":256,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99795414,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"4","first_page":"273","last_page":"284"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.9531000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.9531000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.02370000071823597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-racial-bias","display_name":"implicit racial bias","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-equity-in-schools","display_name":"racial equity in schools","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-inequality-in-schools","display_name":"racial inequality in schools","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-privilege","display_name":"white privilege","score":0.3370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780253743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132382","display_name":"Presumption","level":2,"score":0.855128288269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992700788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racial bias","level":3,"score":0.7708661556243896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.6749234199523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.6202202439308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5707056522369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993757694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3254959","display_name":"Racial differences","level":3,"score":0.5638309121131897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993078153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279580","display_name":"Racial equality","level":3,"score":0.4893602728843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4762459099292755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.45865604281425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.40302616357803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.39499539136886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2434217929840088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2339077591896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.13950279355049133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3102/0013189x20912758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x20912758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55175622","display_name":"Educational Researcher","issn_l":"0013-189X","issn":["0013-189X","1935-102X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Researcher","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121992860","https://openalex.org/W235978909","https://openalex.org/W599294063","https://openalex.org/W1243051088","https://openalex.org/W1628820323","https://openalex.org/W1750690426","https://openalex.org/W1893052955","https://openalex.org/W1918432791","https://openalex.org/W1964302339","https://openalex.org/W1971119036","https://openalex.org/W1979495404","https://openalex.org/W1987831958","https://openalex.org/W1990309302","https://openalex.org/W2011111286","https://openalex.org/W2017833005","https://openalex.org/W2025640120","https://openalex.org/W2036511452","https://openalex.org/W2041989676","https://openalex.org/W2044132146","https://openalex.org/W2047142712","https://openalex.org/W2048841776","https://openalex.org/W2057659248","https://openalex.org/W2059822076","https://openalex.org/W2073532974","https://openalex.org/W2074037558","https://openalex.org/W2075115048","https://openalex.org/W2076879021","https://openalex.org/W2091848220","https://openalex.org/W2091885506","https://openalex.org/W2095387429","https://openalex.org/W2096400920","https://openalex.org/W2107202675","https://openalex.org/W2108020568","https://openalex.org/W2109307200","https://openalex.org/W2115163516","https://openalex.org/W2115376335","https://openalex.org/W2116808802","https://openalex.org/W2118525092","https://openalex.org/W2127302040","https://openalex.org/W2127455621","https://openalex.org/W2132515171","https://openalex.org/W2134788731","https://openalex.org/W2136077744","https://openalex.org/W2136162107","https://openalex.org/W2140534852","https://openalex.org/W2141708772","https://openalex.org/W2150115854","https://openalex.org/W2150833190","https://openalex.org/W2152095428","https://openalex.org/W2200301138","https://openalex.org/W2241496387","https://openalex.org/W2271075988","https://openalex.org/W2277341129","https://openalex.org/W2306148245","https://openalex.org/W2327861927","https://openalex.org/W2328582806","https://openalex.org/W2341242400","https://openalex.org/W2498347739","https://openalex.org/W2749880285","https://openalex.org/W2752047242","https://openalex.org/W2753821949","https://openalex.org/W2767349152","https://openalex.org/W2772771822","https://openalex.org/W2807839623","https://openalex.org/W2888206812","https://openalex.org/W2904897888","https://openalex.org/W2996488857","https://openalex.org/W3122306322","https://openalex.org/W3148423062","https://openalex.org/W4211022696","https://openalex.org/W4229573723","https://openalex.org/W4231165370","https://openalex.org/W4233189963","https://openalex.org/W4242426414","https://openalex.org/W4293231981"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008962510","https://openalex.org/W4292843706","https://openalex.org/W2749880285","https://openalex.org/W7047270009","https://openalex.org/W4408463855","https://openalex.org/W7039435291","https://openalex.org/W7155199355","https://openalex.org/W4379977889","https://openalex.org/W2000418220","https://openalex.org/W2997371002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Schools":[0],"are":[1,101],"heralded":[2],"by":[3],"some":[4],"as":[5],"unique":[6],"sites":[7],"for":[8],"promoting":[9],"racial":[10,22,41,62,83,105,123],"equity.":[11],"Central":[12],"to":[13,56,66,102,113],"this":[14,27,46],"characterization":[15],"is":[16],"the":[17,34,118],"presumption":[18],"that":[19,73,98],"teachers":[20,38,75,88,107],"embrace":[21],"equity":[23],"and":[24,60,76,81,89],"teaching":[25],"about":[26],"topic.":[28],"In":[29,45],"contrast,":[30],"others":[31],"have":[32],"documented":[33],"ongoing":[35],"role":[36],"of":[37,120],"in":[39,43],"perpetuating":[40],"inequality":[42],"schools.":[44],"article,":[47],"we":[48],"employ":[49],"data":[50,54],"from":[51],"two":[52],"national":[53],"sets":[55],"investigate":[57],"teachers\u2019":[58],"explicit":[59,80],"implicit":[61,82],"bias,":[63],"comparing":[64],"them":[65],"adults":[67],"with":[68,111],"similar":[69],"characteristics.":[70],"We":[71],"find":[72],"both":[74],"nonteachers":[77,90],"hold":[78],"pro-White":[79],"biases.":[84,124],"Furthermore,":[85],"differences":[86],"between":[87],"were":[91],"negligible":[92],"or":[93,116],"insignificant.":[94],"The":[95],"findings":[96],"suggest":[97],"if":[99],"schools":[100],"effectively":[103],"promote":[104],"equity,":[106],"should":[108],"be":[109],"provided":[110],"training":[112],"either":[114],"shift":[115],"mitigate":[117],"effects":[119],"their":[121],"own":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-10-18T09:31:52.927876","created_date":"2020-04-24T00:00:00"}
