{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016325447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","title":"Effect of emergency declaration for the COVID-19 outbreak in Tokyo, Japan in the first two weeks","display_name":"Effect of emergency declaration for the COVID-19 outbreak in Tokyo, Japan in the first two weeks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016325447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","mag":"3016325447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055249359","display_name":"Junko Kurita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-8573","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-8573"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28631974","display_name":"Tokiwa University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051kz410","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28631974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junko Kurita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing Collage of Nursing, Tokiwa University, Ibaraki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing Collage of Nursing, Tokiwa University, Ibaraki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28631974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078927895","display_name":"Tamie Sugawara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-8618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-8618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086300","display_name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/001ggbx22","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333985979","https://openalex.org/I4210086300","https://openalex.org/I4405286871"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamie Sugawara","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039630233","display_name":"Yasushi Ohkusa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-3320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-3320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086300","display_name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/001ggbx22","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333985979","https://openalex.org/I4210086300","https://openalex.org/I4405286871"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasushi Ohkusa","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086300"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055249359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28631974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13032","display_name":"COVID-19 Prevention and Impact","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-declaration","display_name":"emergency declaration","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproduction-number","display_name":"reproduction number","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-closures","display_name":"school closures","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-cancellation","display_name":"event cancellation","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-distancing","display_name":"social distancing","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sir-model","display_name":"SIR model","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidemic-control-policy","display_name":"epidemic control policy","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokyo","display_name":"Tokyo","score":0.9190000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.9057947397232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.67921382188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5437435507774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5362604856491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4947666525840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4277316927909851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.40592676401138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.32672086358070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2577548623085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.20549806952476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.18492341041564941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.14610734581947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12223955988883972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000351799","https://openalex.org/W3004397688","https://openalex.org/W3006642361","https://openalex.org/W3006645647","https://openalex.org/W3007859670","https://openalex.org/W3010152820","https://openalex.org/W3012505543","https://openalex.org/W3013552499","https://openalex.org/W3014216453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3049686527","https://openalex.org/W3189704026","https://openalex.org/W3126364733","https://openalex.org/W4214569734","https://openalex.org/W3012505543","https://openalex.org/W3173911019","https://openalex.org/W3118042917","https://openalex.org/W3138617577","https://openalex.org/W3013383629","https://openalex.org/W3022941894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Japan\u2019s":[2],"Prime":[3],"Minister":[4],"Abe":[5],"declared":[6],"an":[7],"emergency":[8,42,111,173],"to":[9,27,51,94],"control":[10],"the":[11,23,38,72,100,110,117,172],"COVID-19":[12],"outbreak":[13],"on":[14],"April":[15,64,68],"7,":[16],"2020.":[17],"He":[18],"asked":[19],"almost":[20],"half":[21],"of":[22,25,40,53,67,119],"population":[24],"Japan":[26,59],"reduce":[28],"their":[29],"personal":[30],"contacts":[31],"by":[32],"70\u201380%.":[33],"Object":[34],"This":[35],"study":[36],"estimates":[37],"effectiveness":[39],"that":[41,116,162],"declaration.":[43,112,174],"Method:":[44],"We":[45,70],"applied":[46],"a":[47,103,141],"simple":[48],"susceptible\u2013infected\u2013recovery":[49],"model":[50],"data":[52],"patients":[54],"with":[55],"symptoms":[56],"in":[57,75],"Tokyo,":[58],"for":[60],"January":[61],"14":[62],"\u2013":[63],"21":[65],"as":[66,124,136,144],"22.":[69],"estimate":[71],"reproduction":[73,176],"number":[74,177],"four":[76],"periods:":[77],"R":[78,97,102,107,120,132,140,149],"0":[79,121],"before":[80],"voluntary":[81],"event":[82],"cancellation":[83],"and":[84,106,148,156],"school":[85],"closure":[86],"(VECSC)":[87],"which":[88],"was":[89,122,128,134,142,151],"introduced":[90],"since":[91],"February":[92],"27":[93],"March":[95],"19,":[96],"v":[98,133],"during":[99],"VECSC,":[101,105],"after":[104,109,171],"e":[108,150],"Results":[113,114],"suggest":[115],"value":[118],"estimated":[123,135,143],"1.267;":[125],"its":[126],"range":[127],"[1.214,":[129],"1.341].":[130],"However,":[131],"2.360":[137],"[1.844,":[138],"2.623].":[139],"2.307":[145],"[2.035,":[146],"2.794]":[147],"0.462":[152],"[0.347,":[153],"0.514].":[154],"Discussion":[155],"Concussion":[157],"One":[158],"must":[159],"be":[160],"reminded":[161],"these":[163],"results":[164],"reflect":[165],"only":[166],"those":[167],"at":[168],"two":[169],"weeks":[170],"The":[175],"probably":[178],"changed":[179],"thereafter":[180],"continuously.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2020-04-24T00:00:00"}
