{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015229931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","title":"The limits and challenges of antiobesity pharmacotherapy","display_name":"The limits and challenges of antiobesity pharmacotherapy","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015229931","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","mag":"3015229931","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32292094","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7523877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52020611","display_name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","issn_l":"1465-6566","issn":["1465-6566","1744-7666"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7523877","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034748550","display_name":"Kishore M. Gadde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-5574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-5574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103990859","display_name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/040cnym54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kishore M Gadde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103990859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075806463","display_name":"Katelyn D. Atkins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103990859","display_name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/040cnym54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katelyn D Atkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103990859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034748550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103990859"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0553,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68798956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"11","first_page":"1319","last_page":"1328"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12539","display_name":"Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12539","display_name":"Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10569","display_name":"Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-obesity-drugs","display_name":"anti-obesity drugs","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity-pharmacotherapy","display_name":"obesity pharmacotherapy","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-loss-efficacy","display_name":"weight loss efficacy","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-safety","display_name":"drug safety","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-of-trial-results","display_name":"generalizability of trial results","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-minorities","display_name":"racial and ethnic minorities","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trial-dropout","display_name":"trial dropout","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-and-adolescents","display_name":"children and adolescents","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-outcomes","display_name":"cardiovascular outcomes","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance-coverage","display_name":"health insurance coverage","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicians-perceptions","display_name":"physician perceptions","score":0.6790000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8469740152359009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500440147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701216","display_name":"Pharmacotherapy","level":2,"score":0.7483100891113281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4575684368610382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4506181478500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3188052773475647}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001794","descriptor_name":"Blood Pressure","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004338","descriptor_name":"Drug Combinations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008019","descriptor_name":"Life Style","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015431","descriptor_name":"Weight Loss","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019440","descriptor_name":"Anti-Obesity Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019440","descriptor_name":"Anti-Obesity Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019440","descriptor_name":"Anti-Obesity Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D050110","descriptor_name":"Bariatric Surgery","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2020.1748599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52020611","display_name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","issn_l":"1465-6566","issn":["1465-6566","1744-7666"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32292094","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32292094","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7523877","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7523877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Expert Opin Pharmacother","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7523877","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7523877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Expert Opin Pharmacother","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258801023","display_name":"1/22 Limited Competition for the Continuation of the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS) - Clinical Center","funder_award_id":"U01DK048377","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500075493","https://openalex.org/W1537391465","https://openalex.org/W1762850481","https://openalex.org/W1977055629","https://openalex.org/W1977690446","https://openalex.org/W1981320195","https://openalex.org/W1987282451","https://openalex.org/W1997115741","https://openalex.org/W2007202141","https://openalex.org/W2008335517","https://openalex.org/W2021332243","https://openalex.org/W2025375061","https://openalex.org/W2036089668","https://openalex.org/W2039592796","https://openalex.org/W2043629555","https://openalex.org/W2049384527","https://openalex.org/W2051757596","https://openalex.org/W2054453327","https://openalex.org/W2056073463","https://openalex.org/W2063601306","https://openalex.org/W2065728981","https://openalex.org/W2070903023","https://openalex.org/W2086313861","https://openalex.org/W2094685478","https://openalex.org/W2100782030","https://openalex.org/W2109487793","https://openalex.org/W2109607631","https://openalex.org/W2110438413","https://openalex.org/W2110791445","https://openalex.org/W2115470608","https://openalex.org/W2119779723","https://openalex.org/W2127585882","https://openalex.org/W2130210878","https://openalex.org/W2137700844","https://openalex.org/W2137765752","https://openalex.org/W2138179516","https://openalex.org/W2144589456","https://openalex.org/W2146484653","https://openalex.org/W2148287957","https://openalex.org/W2152423343","https://openalex.org/W2157135485","https://openalex.org/W2164979407","https://openalex.org/W2175876676","https://openalex.org/W2215535790","https://openalex.org/W2294274888","https://openalex.org/W2294660010","https://openalex.org/W2302359284","https://openalex.org/W2313665088","https://openalex.org/W2425644022","https://openalex.org/W2432501512","https://openalex.org/W2514301678","https://openalex.org/W2517308393","https://openalex.org/W2546249836","https://openalex.org/W2590664415","https://openalex.org/W2604582625","https://openalex.org/W2605914979","https://openalex.org/W2735376054","https://openalex.org/W2763846610","https://openalex.org/W2766795193","https://openalex.org/W2774597464","https://openalex.org/W2786652970","https://openalex.org/W2787499856","https://openalex.org/W2790337982","https://openalex.org/W2791018156","https://openalex.org/W2791300695","https://openalex.org/W2794062664","https://openalex.org/W2802565200","https://openalex.org/W2883923705","https://openalex.org/W2886661407","https://openalex.org/W2888060992","https://openalex.org/W2889515720","https://openalex.org/W2890827307","https://openalex.org/W2895926489","https://openalex.org/W2900742106","https://openalex.org/W2913290326","https://openalex.org/W2924360977","https://openalex.org/W2946681884","https://openalex.org/W2950088643","https://openalex.org/W2953893328","https://openalex.org/W2975450611","https://openalex.org/W3013213902","https://openalex.org/W3095846290","https://openalex.org/W3160623691"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2039592796","https://openalex.org/W2766795193","https://openalex.org/W2917171794","https://openalex.org/W4403860527","https://openalex.org/W2509594520","https://openalex.org/W7130698876","https://openalex.org/W2754824139","https://openalex.org/W2764142960","https://openalex.org/W4393161955","https://openalex.org/W2154356626"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Pharmacotherapy":[1],"is":[2,113,132],"a":[3],"useful":[4],"adjunct":[5],"when":[6],"patients":[7],"with":[8,110,116],"obesity":[9],"are":[10],"unable":[11],"to":[12,75,78,104,128],"achieve":[13],"adequate":[14],"benefit":[15],"from":[16,72],"lifestyle":[17],"interventions.":[18],"AREAS":[19],"COVERED:":[20],"This":[21],"review":[22],"covers":[23],"the":[24,184],"history":[25],"of":[26,32,37,48,85,101,147,180,186],"antiobesity":[27,63,111,148,187],"drugs,":[28,35],"efficacy,":[29],"and":[30,51,87,90,92,124,142,145,152,154,177],"risks":[31],"currently":[33,61],"approved":[34,62],"limits":[36],"their":[38],"usefulness":[39],"in":[40,44,96,121,150,155,163],"clinical":[41,49,97,105],"practice,":[42],"gaps":[43],"knowledge,":[45],"methodological":[46],"limitations":[47],"trials,":[50,60],"reasons":[52],"for":[53,135,143],"underutilization.":[54],"EXPERT":[55],"OPINION:":[56],"In":[57],"randomized":[58],"controlled":[59],"drugs":[64,112,149],"have":[65,160,182],"yielded":[66],"an":[67],"average":[68],"weight":[69,137],"loss":[70,108,138],"ranging":[71],"approximately":[73],"3%":[74],"9%":[76],"relative":[77],"placebo":[79],"at":[80],"1":[81,140],"year.":[82],"Inadequate":[83],"inclusion":[84],"racial":[86],"ethnic":[88],"minorities":[89],"men,":[91],"high":[93],"dropout":[94],"rates":[95],"trials":[98],"limit":[99],"generalizability":[100],"these":[102],"findings":[103],"practice.":[106],"Weight":[107],"achieved":[109],"generally":[114],"associated":[115],"lowered":[117],"glycemia,":[118],"but":[119],"improvements":[120],"blood":[122],"pressure":[123],"lipid":[125],"measures":[126],"tend":[127],"be":[129],"marginal.":[130],"There":[131],"limited":[133],"evidence":[134],"sustained":[136],"beyond":[139],"year":[141],"safety":[144],"efficacy":[146],"children":[151],"adolescents,":[153],"post-bariatric":[156],"surgery":[157],"patients.":[158],"None":[159],"demonstrated":[161],"reduction":[162],"major":[164],"adverse":[165],"cardiovascular":[166],"events":[167],"or":[168],"other":[169],"significant":[170],"disease":[171],"outcomes.":[172],"Limited":[173],"health":[174],"insurance":[175],"coverage":[176],"negative":[178],"perceptions":[179],"physicians":[181],"hindered":[183],"utilization":[185],"drugs.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-04-17T00:00:00"}