{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014951982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Carbon Emission Abatement Strategies for a Local Multi-Energy System\u2014A Case Study of Chalmers University of Technology Campus","display_name":"Cost-Effectiveness of Carbon Emission Abatement Strategies for a Local Multi-Energy System\u2014A Case Study of Chalmers University of Technology Campus","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014951982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","mag":"3014951982"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en13071626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1626/pdf?version=1585805652","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1626/pdf?version=1585805652","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072304154","display_name":"Nima Mirzaei Alavijeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-716X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-716X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nima Mirzaei Alavijeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-716X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013488785","display_name":"David Steen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-9354","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-9354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Steen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-9354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058769722","display_name":"Zack Norwood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8355-8899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8355-8899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zack Norwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8355-8899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101820351","display_name":"L\u00ea Anh Tu\u1ea5n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-6035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-6035"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Anh Tuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060650603","display_name":"Christos Agathokleous","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Agathokleous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013488785","https://openalex.org/A5072304154"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1901},"fwci":0.8597,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69607481,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"7","first_page":"1626","last_page":"1626"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11007","display_name":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-emission-reduction","display_name":"carbon emission reduction","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-energy-systems","display_name":"integrated energy systems","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/district-heating","display_name":"district heating","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/district-cooling","display_name":"district cooling","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-pumps","display_name":"heat pumps","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption-chiller","display_name":"absorption chiller","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-boilers","display_name":"biomass boiler","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"energy storage","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-pricing","display_name":"carbon pricing","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-campus-energy","display_name":"university campus energy","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-objective-optimization","display_name":"multi-objective optimization","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rolling-horizon-optimization","display_name":"rolling horizon optimization","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paris-agreement-targets","display_name":"Paris Agreement targets","score":0.5080000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288401","display_name":"Carbon tax","level":3,"score":0.6684335470199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.6038811802864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30487094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332868","display_name":"Absorption refrigerator","level":3,"score":0.5079725384712219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100405246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8348417","display_name":"Emissions trading","level":3,"score":0.47072091698646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.45241212844848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.4478260278701782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3681829273700714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3641045093536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.35439664125442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.34166789054870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23338663578033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12050509452819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69907114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747713","display_name":"Refrigeration","level":2,"score":0.10202866792678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/en13071626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1626/pdf?version=1585805652","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:7:p:1626-:d:340250","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1626/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d66bacd065bc41c8afa056b5bdccf190","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d66bacd065bc41c8afa056b5bdccf190","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energies, Vol 13, Iss 7, p 1626 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:516457","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/3c76ca0f-bcfc-4e2b-aeaf-64ad485b01af","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/en13071626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071626","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1626/pdf?version=1585805652","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198098182","display_name":"Energies","issn_l":"1996-1073","issn":["1996-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.878000020980835,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2053573144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"773717","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2260782933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIA01-209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337765","funder_display_name":"Urban Innovative Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8677186153","display_name":"ERA-Net Smart Grids Plus: support deep knowledge sharing between regional and European Smart Grids initiatives","funder_award_id":"646039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337765","display_name":"Urban Innovative Actions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014951982.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3014951982.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985685907","https://openalex.org/W1994463166","https://openalex.org/W2012062191","https://openalex.org/W2033624484","https://openalex.org/W2050036299","https://openalex.org/W2068375961","https://openalex.org/W2087001996","https://openalex.org/W2089840945","https://openalex.org/W2164369778","https://openalex.org/W2208568589","https://openalex.org/W2283716357","https://openalex.org/W2291244820","https://openalex.org/W2299896104","https://openalex.org/W2396570692","https://openalex.org/W2521918431","https://openalex.org/W2533015888","https://openalex.org/W2565285923","https://openalex.org/W2621058533","https://openalex.org/W2621146136","https://openalex.org/W2792052349","https://openalex.org/W2793467777","https://openalex.org/W2894402682","https://openalex.org/W2899305673","https://openalex.org/W2901561881","https://openalex.org/W2904551500","https://openalex.org/W2909371516","https://openalex.org/W2921333176","https://openalex.org/W2922166492","https://openalex.org/W2949803992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285702070","https://openalex.org/W3186767929","https://openalex.org/W4319978286","https://openalex.org/W4396723767","https://openalex.org/W2981652682","https://openalex.org/W4324118819","https://openalex.org/W3087015647","https://openalex.org/W3092114724","https://openalex.org/W4365392865","https://openalex.org/W4385339234"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,139,154,177],"cost-effectiveness":[4,74],"of":[5,47,71,75,113,117,129,161],"operation":[6],"strategies":[7,50,77,91,109,163],"which":[8,169],"can":[9,145],"be":[10,98,146,183],"used":[11,99],"to":[12,182],"abate":[13],"CO":[14],"2":[15,167],"emissions":[16],"in":[17,200],"a":[18,31,54,63,69,141,149],"local":[19,93],"multi-energy":[20,94],"system.":[21],"A":[22],"case":[23],"study":[24],"is":[25,78,164,170,181,186],"carried":[26],"out":[27],"using":[28,53],"data":[29],"from":[30],"real":[32],"energy":[33],"system":[34],"that":[35,96],"integrates":[36],"district":[37,39,118],"heating,":[38],"cooling,":[40],"and":[41,68,104,120,126,196],"electricity":[42],"networks":[43],"at":[44],"Chalmers":[45],"University":[46],"Technology.":[48],"Operation":[49],"are":[51],"developed":[52],"mixed":[55],"integer":[56],"linear":[57],"programming":[58],"multi-objective":[59],"optimization":[60],"model":[61],"with":[62,123,148,172],"short":[64],"foresight":[65],"rolling":[66],"horizon":[67],"year":[70],"data.":[72],"The":[73,84,106,132,157],"different":[76,81],"evaluated":[79],"across":[80],"carbon":[82,174,198],"prices.":[83],"results":[85,133],"provide":[86],"insights":[87],"into":[88],"developing":[89],"abatement":[90,108,159],"for":[92,153],"systems":[95],"could":[97],"by":[100,136],"utilities,":[101],"building":[102],"owners,":[103],"authorities.":[105],"optimized":[107],"include:":[110],"increased":[111],"usage":[112],"biomass":[114],"boilers,":[115],"substitution":[116],"heating":[119],"absorption":[121],"chillers":[122],"heat":[124],"pumps,":[125],"higher":[127],"utilization":[128],"storage":[130],"units.":[131],"show":[134],"that,":[135],"utilizing":[137],"all":[138,162],"strategies,":[140],"20.8%":[142],"emission":[143,158],"reduction":[144],"achieved":[147],"2.2%":[150],"cost":[151,160],"increase":[152],"campus":[155],"area.":[156],"36.6\u2013100.2":[165],"(\u20ac/tCO":[166],"),":[168],"aligned":[171],"estimated":[173],"prices":[175,195],"if":[176],"Paris":[178],"agreement":[179],"target":[180],"achieved.":[184],"It":[185],"higher,":[187],"however,":[188],"than":[189],"average":[190],"European":[191],"Emission":[192],"Trading":[193],"System":[194],"Sweden\u2019s":[197],"tax":[199],"2019.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-04-10T00:00:00"}
