{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014872987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","title":"How People Reclaimed Public Spaces in Beirut during the 2019 Lebanese Uprising","display_name":"How People Reclaimed Public Spaces in Beirut during the 2019 Lebanese Uprising","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014872987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","mag":"3014872987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176917","display_name":"The Journal of Public Space","issn_l":"2206-9658","issn":["2206-9658"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405253417","host_organization_name":"City Space Architecture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253417"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Public Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001616199","display_name":"Wael Sinno","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801717407","display_name":"United Nations Human Settlements Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/020qt9g11","country_code":"KE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I2801717407"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wael Sinno","raw_affiliation_strings":["UN-Habitat Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UN-Habitat Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801717407"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001616199"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801717407"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.98,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9555181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"Vol. 5 n. 1","first_page":"193","last_page":"218"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13513","display_name":"Urban and sociocultural dynamics","score":0.7509999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13513","display_name":"Urban and sociocultural dynamics","score":0.7509999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13699","display_name":"Public Spaces through Art","score":0.10989999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10239","display_name":"Urban Planning and Governance","score":0.07280000299215317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/placemaking","display_name":"place-making","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beirut","display_name":"Beirut","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-movements","display_name":"citizen movements","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grand-theatre","display_name":"Grand Th\u00e9\u00e2tre","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cohesion","display_name":"social cohesion","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-regeneration","display_name":"urban regeneration","score":0.3499999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984866010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294440","display_name":"Public space","level":2,"score":0.7276544570922852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162861558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7200277","display_name":"Placemaking","level":4,"score":0.5367860198020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5129070281982422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.44261884689331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4329324960708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.40366899967193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2969149947166443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.2461036741733551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205300905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63100","display_name":"Urban design","level":3,"score":0.22017455101013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21917831897735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.11905133724212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10272759199142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176917","display_name":"The Journal of Public Space","issn_l":"2206-9658","issn":["2206-9658"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405253417","host_organization_name":"City Space Architecture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253417"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Public Space","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32891/jps.v5i1.1258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176917","display_name":"The Journal of Public Space","issn_l":"2206-9658","issn":["2206-9658"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ddh","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405253417","host_organization_name":"City Space Architecture","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253417"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Public Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.9333000183105469},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1900801195","https://openalex.org/W2196096157","https://openalex.org/W2605515562","https://openalex.org/W2811436705","https://openalex.org/W2903849021","https://openalex.org/W4413675089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200493066","https://openalex.org/W4205129072","https://openalex.org/W2990935156","https://openalex.org/W4200491913","https://openalex.org/W3103604421","https://openalex.org/W3015486566","https://openalex.org/W3042374059","https://openalex.org/W7042709266","https://openalex.org/W3166257973","https://openalex.org/W1922929532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,7,37,77,83,99,103,144,149,169,174,183,210,217,238,246,257,268,279,282,285,305,309,315],"past":[2],"years,":[3],"popular":[4],"uprisings":[5],"across":[6,76],"Middle":[8],"East":[9],"continue":[10],"to":[11,26,41,45,111,156,216,227,267],"grow.":[12],"Throughout":[13],"these":[14],"movements,":[15],"public":[16,74,86,96,119,177,190,269],"spaces":[17,31,75,87,178,191],"have":[18,32,71],"played":[19],"a":[20,61,129,134,161,213,222,260,271],"crucial":[21],"role":[22],"in":[23,81,256,278,304],"allowing":[24],"citizens":[25,40,198],"express":[27],"their":[28,43],"demands.":[29],"Public":[30,139],"brought":[33,155],"people":[34],"together,":[35],"providing":[36],"space":[38],"for":[39,270],"assert":[42],"rights":[44],"freedom":[46],"of":[47,68,85,107,171,176,194,199,206,281],"speech":[48],"and":[49,66,113,148,164,173,204,230,319],"demanding":[50],"basic":[51],"rights.":[52],"Since":[53],"17":[54],"October":[55],"2019,":[56],"Lebanon":[57],"has":[58,88,179,188],"been":[59,180],"experiencing":[60],"similar":[62],"civic":[63],"movement.":[64],"Expressions":[65],"manifestations":[67],"this":[69,300],"movement":[70],"used":[72],"underutilized":[73],"country.":[78],"For":[79],"instance,":[80],"Beirut,":[82],"retrieve":[84],"taken":[89],"place":[90],"on":[91,299],"three":[92],"levels:":[93],"-":[94,117,138],"Multi-purpose":[95],"spaces:":[97,120],"where":[98],"protestors":[100],"are":[101,153],"reshaping":[102],"wide":[104],"formal":[105],"streets":[106],"Beirut":[108],"Central":[109],"District":[110],"active":[112],"lively":[114],"urban":[115,140,262],"spaces.":[116],"Open":[118],"such":[121,142],"as":[122,143,212,240],"Samir":[123],"Kassir":[124],"garden,":[125],"which":[126,314],"was":[127,265,317],"once":[128],"meditative":[130],"space,":[131],"is":[132,259,276],"now":[133],"vibrant":[135],"social":[136,231],"place.":[137],"facilities:":[141],"abandoned":[145,318],"Egg":[146,275],"[1]":[147,249],"deteriorated":[150],"Grand":[151],"Theatre":[152],"being":[154],"life":[157],"by":[158,234,293,308],"becoming":[159],"respectively":[160],"community":[162],"centre":[163],"an":[165,252],"observatory.":[166],"To":[167],"date,":[168],"act":[170],"placemaking":[172],"reclamation":[175],"observed":[181],"throughout":[182],"2019":[184],"Lebanese":[185,247,310],"Uprising.":[186],"It":[187],"reconfigured":[189],"into":[192],"ones":[193],"unity,":[195],"thereby":[196],"reuniting":[197],"all":[200],"ages,":[201],"religions,":[202],"gender":[203],"walks":[205],"life.":[207],"Some":[208],"see":[209],"uprising":[211],"genuine":[214],"end":[215],"1975":[218],"Civil":[219,287,311],"War":[220,288,312],"\u2013":[221,233],"war":[223],"that":[224,264],"gave":[225],"birth":[226],"religious,":[228],"political,":[229],"boundaries":[232],"organically":[235],"bringing":[236],"together":[237],"country":[239],"one,":[241],"demonstrating":[242],"under":[243],"one":[244],"flag,":[245],"flag.":[248],"The":[250,274],"Egg,":[251],"unfinished":[253,301],"cinema":[254],"built":[255],"1960s,":[258,306],"landmark":[261],"facility":[263],"closed":[266],"long":[272],"time.":[273],"located":[277],"heart":[280],"city":[283],"near":[284],"former":[286],"green":[289],"zone":[290],"line.":[291],"Designed":[292],"Architect":[294],"Joseph":[295],"Philippe":[296],"Karam,":[297],"work":[298],"structure":[302],"started":[303],"interrupted":[307],"during":[313],"building":[316],"suffered":[320],"major":[321],"structural":[322],"damage.":[323]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2020-04-10T00:00:00"}
