{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3014292598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","title":"TEC Map Completion Using DCGAN and Poisson Blending","display_name":"TEC Map Completion Using DCGAN and Poisson Blending","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3014292598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","mag":"3014292598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2019sw002390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040181153","display_name":"Yang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-4729","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-4729"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-4729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061895984","display_name":"Mingwu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-2896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-2896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingwu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-2896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035714329","display_name":"Shun\u2010Rong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3166"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunrong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Westford MA USA","Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Westford, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Westford MA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Westford, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008621872","display_name":"Yue Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-1588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-1588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yue Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-1588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington  Arlington TX USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008621872","https://openalex.org/A5061895984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":2.1233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86363083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.016300000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.014000000432133675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-inpainting","display_name":"image inpainting","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dcgan","display_name":"DCGAN","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-blending","display_name":"Poisson blending","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data-recovery","display_name":"missing data recovery","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss","display_name":"GNSS","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-gnss-service","display_name":"International GNSS Service","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-activity","display_name":"solar activity","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"deep learning","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.8191897869110107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.7160111665725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11727466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628157","display_name":"Inpainting","level":3,"score":0.4500470757484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4443674385547638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4353828728199005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4183051586151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41043248772621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3551386594772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31203562021255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24630188941955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21851888298988342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.13174986839294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.11364692449569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08900058269500732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/2019sw002390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/175635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/175635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"American Geophysical Union","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59b19ac09724400193b08d83f96c7db3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59b19ac09724400193b08d83f96c7db3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather, Vol 18, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2019sw002390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019sw002390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166492742","display_name":"Space Weather","issn_l":"1542-7390","issn":["1542-7390"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Space Weather","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3283688573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9559\u201016\u20101\u20100364","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514151998","https://openalex.org/W1987326676","https://openalex.org/W2012875423","https://openalex.org/W2067713319","https://openalex.org/W2096713129","https://openalex.org/W2101607837","https://openalex.org/W2133750711","https://openalex.org/W2141125852","https://openalex.org/W2147169375","https://openalex.org/W2153105094","https://openalex.org/W2156369569","https://openalex.org/W2162720847","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2164842282","https://openalex.org/W2165736859","https://openalex.org/W2173520492","https://openalex.org/W2237583606","https://openalex.org/W2304648132","https://openalex.org/W2766291668","https://openalex.org/W2773166761","https://openalex.org/W2785672818","https://openalex.org/W2793021219","https://openalex.org/W2794964578","https://openalex.org/W2897473609","https://openalex.org/W2909027832","https://openalex.org/W2910867186","https://openalex.org/W2945927214","https://openalex.org/W2963917315","https://openalex.org/W2989221291","https://openalex.org/W2997095758","https://openalex.org/W4320013936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380775572","https://openalex.org/W4320519862","https://openalex.org/W2352870767","https://openalex.org/W2213520135","https://openalex.org/W4320519888","https://openalex.org/W2373034664","https://openalex.org/W4242046654","https://openalex.org/W2389876445","https://openalex.org/W4320911913","https://openalex.org/W1504109132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Because":[1],"of":[2,6,35,51,80,84,94,102,116,132,174,215],"the":[3,33,82,85,100,113,130,164,168,183,248],"limited":[4],"coverage":[5],"global":[7],"navigation":[8],"satellite":[9],"system":[10],"(GNSS)":[11],"receivers,":[12],"total":[13],"electron":[14],"content":[15],"(TEC)":[16],"maps":[17,27,97,245],"are":[18,126],"not":[19],"complete.":[20],"The":[21,49,134,232],"processing":[22],"to":[23,42,57,110,128,226,237],"obtain":[24],"complete":[25],"TEC":[26,47,96,118,148,192,244],"is":[28,78,108,211],"time":[29],"consuming":[30],"and":[31,87,104,122,154,200,217],"needs":[32],"collaboration":[34],"five":[36],"international":[37],"GNSS":[38],"service":[39],"(IGS)":[40],"centers":[41],"consolidate":[43],"final":[44],"completed":[45],"IGS":[46,95,117],"maps.":[48,119],"advance":[50],"deep":[52,72],"learning":[53,81],"offers":[54],"powerful":[55],"tools":[56],"perform":[58],"certain":[59],"tasks":[60],"in":[61],"data":[62,90,157,177],"science,":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"image":[66],"completion":[67,114,150,241],"(or":[68],"inpainting).":[69],"Among":[70],"them,":[71],"convolutional":[73],"generative":[74],"adversarial":[75],"network":[76],"(DCGAN)":[77],"capable":[79],"properties":[83],"objects":[86],"recovering":[88],"missing":[89,140,179],"effectively.":[91],"With":[92],"years":[93,199],"for":[98,195,205,243],"training,":[99],"combination":[101],"DCGAN":[103,152],"Poisson":[105],"blending":[106],"(DCGAN\u2010PB)":[107],"able":[109],"effectively":[111],"learn":[112],"process":[115],"Both":[120],"random":[121,137],"more":[123,155,218],"realistic":[124,169],"masks":[125,138],"used":[127],"test":[129],"performance":[131],"DCGAN\u2010PB.":[133],"results":[135],"with":[136],"(15\u201340%":[139],"data)":[141],"show":[142],"that":[143],"DCGAN\u2010PB":[144,181,233],"can":[145,158,235],"achieve":[146],"better":[147],"map":[149],"than":[151,202,219],"alone,":[153],"training":[156],"significantly":[159],"improve":[160],"its":[161],"generalization.":[162],"For":[163],"cross\u2010validation":[165],"experiment":[166],"using":[167],"mask":[170],"from":[171],"Massachusetts":[172],"Institute":[173],"Technology":[175],"(MIT)\u2010TEC":[176],"(~52%":[178],"data),":[180],"achieves":[182],"average":[184],"root":[185],"mean":[186],"squared":[187],"error":[188],"about":[189,212],"three":[190],"absolute":[191],"units":[193],"(TECu)":[194],"high":[196],"solar":[197,207],"activity":[198,208],"less":[201],"two":[203,227],"TECu":[204],"low":[206],"years,":[209],"which":[210],"50%":[213,220],"reduction":[214,221],"means":[216],"on":[222],"standard":[223],"deviations":[224],"compared":[225],"conventional":[228],"single\u2010image":[229],"inpainting":[230],"methods.":[231],"model":[234],"lead":[236],"an":[238],"efficient":[239],"automatic":[240],"tool":[242],"by":[246],"minimizing":[247],"manual":[249],"work.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-18T09:31:52.927876","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}