{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013755165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","title":"Study of the Kinetics of Extraction Process for The Production of Hemp Inflorescences Extracts by Means of Conventional Maceration (CM) and Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction (RSLDE)","display_name":"Study of the Kinetics of Extraction Process for The Production of Hemp Inflorescences Extracts by Means of Conventional Maceration (CM) and Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction (RSLDE)","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013755165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","mag":"3013755165"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/separations7020020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/7/2/20/pdf?version=1585566832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738502618","display_name":"Separations","issn_l":"2297-8739","issn":["2297-8739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Separations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/7/2/20/pdf?version=1585566832","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065450241","display_name":"Monica Gallo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-426X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-426X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Gallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-426X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085319032","display_name":"Andrea Formato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-6661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-6661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Formato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Universit\u00e0 100, 80045 Portici (NA), Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-6661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, via Universit\u00e0 100, 80045 Portici (NA), Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056138555","display_name":"Martina Ciaravolo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martina Ciaravolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055510885","display_name":"Gaetano Formato","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaetano Formato","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENI Digital, via Emilia 1, 20097 San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENI Digital, via Emilia 1, 20097 San Donato Milanese (MI), Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048711261","display_name":"Daniele Naviglio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-7669","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-7669"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Naviglio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-7669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monte S. Angelo Complex, 80126 Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048711261"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1479},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1479},"fwci":1.3624,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76330239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"20","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10414","display_name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10414","display_name":"Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research","score":0.9340999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12181","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Research","score":0.03849999979138374,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10402","display_name":"Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction-kinetics","display_name":"extraction kinetics","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabinoids","display_name":"cannabinoids","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabidiolic-acid","display_name":"cannabidiolic acid","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetrahydrocannabinolic-acid","display_name":"tetrahydrocannabinolic acid","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabidiol","display_name":"cannabidiol","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetrahydrocannabinol","display_name":"tetrahydrocannabinol","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decarboxylation","display_name":"decarboxylation","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction-yield","display_name":"extraction yield","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction-time","display_name":"extraction time","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-simulation","display_name":"numerical simulation","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74940592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723254","display_name":"Maceration (sewage)","level":2,"score":0.9080239534378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7748997211456299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776895053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422917","display_name":"Cannabidiol","level":3,"score":0.7505091428756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.749047577381134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178165689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156428","display_name":"Inflorescence","level":2,"score":0.6227618455886841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992191599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26726","display_name":"Cannabis sativa","level":2,"score":0.6009869575500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5236801505088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179998833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381233","display_name":"High-performance liquid chromatography","level":2,"score":0.4843536615371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.46902787685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.27968764305114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19669866561889648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12241291999816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777056318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79817","display_name":"Cannabis","level":2,"score":0.0873924195766449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07410839200019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/separations7020020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/7/2/20/pdf?version=1585566832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738502618","display_name":"Separations","issn_l":"2297-8739","issn":["2297-8739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Separations","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11d2a63b73104420a42a611cd8926f65","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11d2a63b73104420a42a611cd8926f65","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Separations, Vol 7, Iss 2, p 20 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:146198","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/146198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/separations7020020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7020020","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/7/2/20/pdf?version=1585566832","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738502618","display_name":"Separations","issn_l":"2297-8739","issn":["2297-8739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Separations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013755165.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013755165.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1904959412","https://openalex.org/W1971884454","https://openalex.org/W1984849448","https://openalex.org/W1989543754","https://openalex.org/W1996184872","https://openalex.org/W2020524934","https://openalex.org/W2037812311","https://openalex.org/W2057720476","https://openalex.org/W2079353101","https://openalex.org/W2101552655","https://openalex.org/W2282484587","https://openalex.org/W2404892765","https://openalex.org/W2414291538","https://openalex.org/W2518571060","https://openalex.org/W2522217668","https://openalex.org/W2775193431","https://openalex.org/W2790631595","https://openalex.org/W2850092478","https://openalex.org/W2884559715","https://openalex.org/W2890071983","https://openalex.org/W2916005106","https://openalex.org/W2920978976","https://openalex.org/W2940166473","https://openalex.org/W2946247896","https://openalex.org/W2962924000","https://openalex.org/W2986857474","https://openalex.org/W3027008169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296006128","https://openalex.org/W6981707282","https://openalex.org/W4225686337","https://openalex.org/W4401119495","https://openalex.org/W2621372729","https://openalex.org/W3172621072","https://openalex.org/W3192512174","https://openalex.org/W3179563615","https://openalex.org/W3015174780","https://openalex.org/W4224278933"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,194],"the":[1,4,7,23,28,48,54,58,63,90,94,113,119,127,132,138,158,169,173,176,181,188,196,214,216,230,248],"present":[2,117,143],"work,":[3],"kinetics":[5],"of":[6,13,25,27,30,57,89,93,115,129,140,154,198,229,250],"extraction":[8,75,82,170,189,217,231],"process":[9,232],"from":[10,157],"female":[11],"inflorescences":[12,120,159,200],"Canapa":[14],"sativa":[15,17,19],"subsp.":[16],"var.":[18],"were":[20,84,102,134,184,191],"studied,":[21],"on":[22],"basis":[24],"determination":[26],"content":[29],"cannabinoids:":[31],"cannabidiolic":[32],"acid":[33,36],"(CBDA),":[34],"\u03949-tetrahydrocannabinolic":[35],"(THCA),":[37],"cannabidiol":[38],"(CBD)":[39],"and":[40,44,71,121,180],"\u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol":[41],"(THC),":[42],"before":[43],"after":[45],"decarboxylation":[46],"in":[47,50,62,109,118,144,175,201,206,220],"oven,":[49],"order":[51,110],"to":[52,111,125,136,245],"evaluate":[53,126,247],"possible":[55],"use":[56],"hemp":[59,199],"extract":[60],"obtained":[61,101],"food":[64],"sector.":[65],"Therefore,":[66,168],"both":[67,165],"conventional":[68],"maceration":[69,197],"(CM)":[70],"rapid":[72],"solid-liquid":[73],"dynamic":[74],"(RSLDE),":[76],"also":[77],"known":[78],"as":[79],"cyclically":[80,234],"pressurized":[81,235],"(CPE),":[83],"carried":[85,241],"out,":[86],"using":[87],"parts":[88],"plant":[91],"approximately":[92],"same":[95,174],"size.":[96],"The":[97,152],"alcoholic":[98],"extracts":[99,133],"thus":[100,122],"analyzed":[103],"by":[104,150],"high-performance":[105],"liquid":[106],"chromatography":[107],"(HPLC)":[108],"calculate":[112,137],"percentages":[114],"cannabinoids":[116],"be":[123],"able":[124],"degree":[128],"decarboxylation.":[130],"Furthermore,":[131],"dried":[135],"percentage":[139],"solid":[141],"material":[142],"it,":[145],"that":[146],"was":[147,160,172,204,218,240],"made":[148],"mainly":[149],"cannabinoids.":[151],"amount":[153],"substance":[155],"extracted":[156],"about":[161],"10%":[162],"(w/w),":[163],"for":[164,225],"cases":[166,178],"considered.":[167],"yield":[171],"two":[177],"examined":[179],"final":[182],"qualities":[183],"almost":[185],"identical.":[186],"However,":[187],"times":[190],"significantly":[192],"different.":[193],"fact,":[195],"ethyl":[202],"alcohol":[203],"completed":[205,219],"no":[207],"less":[208],"than":[209],"24":[210],"h,":[211],"while":[212],"with":[213,233],"RSLDE":[215],"only":[221],"4":[222],"h.":[223],"Finally,":[224],"a":[226,237],"better":[227,246],"understanding":[228],"extraction,":[236],"numerical":[238],"simulation":[239],"out":[242],"which":[243],"allowed":[244],"influence":[249],"extractive":[251],"parameters.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2020-04-03T00:00:00"}