{"id":"https://openalex.org/W301368947","doi":null,"title":"Preparation of methyl ester (biodiesel) from karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil.","display_name":"Preparation of methyl ester (biodiesel) from karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oil.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W301368947","mag":"301368947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:301368947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://isca.in/rjcs/Archives/vol2/i8/8.ISCA-RJCS-2012-106.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052846145","display_name":"Supriya N. Bobade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supriya N. Bobade","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053081632","display_name":"Vitthalrao Bhimasha Khyade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vitthalrao B. Khyade","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1937,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92362784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"8","first_page":"43","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11351","display_name":"Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiesel","display_name":"biodiesel","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pongamia-pinnata","display_name":"Pongamia pinnata","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karanja-oil","display_name":"karanja oil","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transesterification","display_name":"transesterification","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatty-acid-methyl-esters","display_name":"fatty acid methyl esters","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-catalysis","display_name":"base catalysis","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-hydroxide","display_name":"sodium hydroxide","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methanol","display_name":"methanol","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esterification","display_name":"esterification","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acid-value","display_name":"acid value","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-properties","display_name":"fuel properties","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-point","display_name":"flash point","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-point","display_name":"cloud point","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pour-point","display_name":"pour point","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density","display_name":"density","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscosity","display_name":"viscosity","score":0.9929999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776185483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2628493","display_name":"Pongamia","level":4,"score":0.9681180715560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52896960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947","display_name":"Biodiesel","level":3,"score":0.8901989459991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777241282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591576","display_name":"Transesterification","level":3,"score":0.8418108224868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778733479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152986","display_name":"Jatropha","level":4,"score":0.6760885715484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.5840742588043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.5748831033706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66910140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905957","display_name":"Biodiesel production","level":4,"score":0.5508294105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53477387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907280","display_name":"Acid value","level":2,"score":0.4681278467178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.41201186180114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4012269973754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3830389380455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.37931954860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.22635847330093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17015999555587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16196992993354797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.12698128819465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07066893577575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.05517825484275818}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:301368947","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://isca.in/rjcs/Archives/vol2/i8/8.ISCA-RJCS-2012-106.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.878000020980835,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5925999879837036,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50898260","https://openalex.org/W1531931873","https://openalex.org/W1966321216","https://openalex.org/W1966599759","https://openalex.org/W1972826321","https://openalex.org/W1979973867","https://openalex.org/W1981704728","https://openalex.org/W1986886887","https://openalex.org/W1992938916","https://openalex.org/W1999559683","https://openalex.org/W2015200515","https://openalex.org/W2019301019","https://openalex.org/W2027767610","https://openalex.org/W2035739866","https://openalex.org/W2050956365","https://openalex.org/W2069768785","https://openalex.org/W2076148906","https://openalex.org/W2080069231","https://openalex.org/W2081062999","https://openalex.org/W2094509548","https://openalex.org/W2096218850","https://openalex.org/W2164449327","https://openalex.org/W2437153877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385766087","https://openalex.org/W831454577","https://openalex.org/W50898260","https://openalex.org/W2034322476","https://openalex.org/W2605239586","https://openalex.org/W1983511233","https://openalex.org/W4318318127","https://openalex.org/W4386226827","https://openalex.org/W2181445955","https://openalex.org/W302343169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Self":[0],"reliance":[1],"in":[2,32,45,105,120,168],"energy":[3,21,167],"is":[4,55,211],"vital":[5],"for":[6,17,116,290],"overall":[7],"economic":[8],"development":[9],"of":[10,20,34,42,78,96,98,122,166,171,181,201,208,223,245,251,259,295],"our":[11],"country.":[12],"The":[13,228,239,271],"need":[14],"to":[15,100,178,187,217],"search":[16],"alternative":[18],"sources":[19],"which":[22,54,86,159,248],"are":[23,127],"renewable,":[24,71],"safe":[25],"and":[26,38,73,199,257,264,280],"non-":[27],"polluting":[28],"assumes":[29],"top":[30],"priority":[31],"view":[33],"the":[35,46,66,169,182,205,221,236,292],"uncertain":[36],"supplies":[37],"frequent":[39],"price":[40],"hikes":[41],"fossil":[43],"fuels":[44],"international":[47],"market.":[48],"Biodiesel":[49],"(fatty":[50],"acid":[51,206],"methyl":[52,103,229,254],"ester)":[53],"derived":[56],"from":[57],"triglycerides":[58,99],"by":[59,220,226,232],"transesterification,":[60],"has":[61,111,175],"attracted":[62],"considerable":[63],"attention":[64],"during":[65],"past":[67],"decade":[68],"as":[69,90,163,267,286],"a":[70,91,106,164,268],"biodegradable":[72],"nontoxic":[74],"fuel.":[75],"Several":[76],"processes":[77],"biodiesel":[79,117],"fuel":[80,118,293],"production":[81,119],"have":[82,216,283],"been":[83,113,176,284],"developed,":[84],"among":[85],"transesterification":[87,244],"using":[88,261],"alkali":[89],"catalyst":[92,269],"gives":[93,235,249],"high":[94,196],"level":[95],"conversion":[97],"their":[101],"corresponding":[102],"ester":[104,230,255],"short":[107],"duration.":[108],"This":[109],"process":[110,222],"therefore":[112],"widely":[114],"utilized":[115],"number":[121],"countries.":[123],"In":[124],"India,":[125],"there":[126],"many":[128],"trees":[129],"bearing":[130],"oil":[131,162,197,210,247,253],"like":[132,192,273],"ratanjot":[133],"(jatropha":[134],"curcus),":[135],"mahua":[136],"(madhuca":[137],"indica),":[138,147],"pilu":[139],"(salvodara":[140],"oleoids),":[141],"nahor":[142],"(mesua":[143],"ferralina),":[144],"kokam":[145],"(garcinia":[146],"rubber":[148],"seed":[149],"(hevea":[150],"brasilensis)and":[151],"karanja":[152,246,252],"(pongamia":[153],"pinnata)":[154],"etc.":[155,203],"Among":[156],"these":[157],"species,":[158],"can":[160],"yield":[161],"source":[165],"form":[170],"biodiesel,":[172],"Pongamia":[173],"pinnata":[174],"found":[177],"be":[179],"one":[180],"most":[183],"suitable":[184],"species":[185],"due":[186],"its":[188,193],"various":[189],"favorable":[190],"attributes":[191],"hardy":[194],"nature,":[195],"recovery":[198],"quality":[200,294],"oil,":[202],"As":[204],"value":[207],"this":[209,233],"high,":[212],"so":[213],"that":[214],"we":[215],"reduce":[218],"it":[219],"esterification":[224],"followed":[225],"transesterification.":[227],"produced":[231],"way":[234],"good":[237],"result.":[238],"present":[240],"study":[241],"deals":[242],"with":[243],"907ml":[250],"(KOME)":[256],"109ml":[258],"glycerol":[260],"methanol":[262],"(13%)":[263],"sodium":[265],"hydroxide":[266],"(1%).":[270],"properties":[272],"density,":[274],"viscosity,":[275],"flash":[276],"point,":[277],"cloud":[278],"point":[279,282],"pour":[281],"determined":[285],"per":[287],"ASTM":[288],"standards":[289],"accessing":[291],"KOME.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}